Apache Hadoop生态系统安装包下载地址：http://archive.apache.org/dist/
软件安装目录：~/app
jdk: jdk-7u45-linux-x64.rpm hadoop: hadoop-2.5.1-src.tar.gz maven: apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.zip protobuf: protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
1、下载hadoop
wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/stable/hadoop-2.5.1-src.tar.gz tar -zxvf hadoop-2.5.1-src.tar.gz
在解压后的hadoop根目录下有个BUILDING.txt文件，可以看到编译hadoop的环境要求
Requirements: * Unix System * JDK 1.6+ * Maven 3.0 or later * Findbugs 1.3.9 (if running findbugs) * ProtocolBuffer 2.5.0 * CMake 2.6 or newer (if compiling native code) * Zlib devel (if compiling native code) * openssl devel ( if compiling native hadoop-pipes ) * Internet connection for first build (to fetch all Maven and Hadoop dependencies)
2、安装jdk
sudo yum install jdk-7u45-linux-x64.rpm
查看jdk安装位置：
which java /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_45/bin/java
添加jdk到环境变量(~/.bash_profile)：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_45 export PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
验证：
java -version
java version "1.7.0_45" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_45-b18) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode)
3、安装maven
wget http://apache.fayea.com/apache-mirror/maven/maven-3/3.0.5/binaries/apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.zip unzip apache-maven-3.0.5-bin.zip
添加maven到环境变量(~/.bash_profile):
export MAVEN_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/apache-maven-3.0.5 export PATH=.:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH
验证：
mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.0.5 (r01de14724cdef164cd33c7c8c2fe155faf9602da; 2013-02-19 05:51:28-0800) Maven home: /home/hadoop/app/apache-maven-3.0.5 Java version: 1.7.0_45, vendor: Oracle Corporation Java home: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_45/jre Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8 OS name: "linux", version: "2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
4、安装protobuf
protobuf的官方地址貌似上不了，自行下载protobuf安装包；为了编译安装protobuf，需要先gcc/gcc-c++/make
sudo yum install gcc sudo yum install gcc-c++ sudo yum install make
tar -zvxf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz cd protobuf-2.5.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/protoc/ sudo make sudo make install
添加protobuf到环境变量(~/.bash_profile):
export PATH=.:/usr/local/protoc/bin:$PATH
验证：
protoc --version libprotoc 2.5.0
5、安装其他依赖
sudo yum install cmake sudo yum install openssl-devel sudo yum install ncurses-devel
6、编译hadoop源代码
cd ~/app/hadoop-2.5.1-src mvn package -DskipTests -Pdist,native
[INFO] Reactor Summary: [INFO] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Main ................................ SUCCESS [1.980s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Project POM ......................... SUCCESS [1.575s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Annotations ......................... SUCCESS [3.324s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Assemblies .......................... SUCCESS [0.318s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Project Dist POM .................... SUCCESS [1.550s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Maven Plugins ....................... SUCCESS [4.548s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop MiniKDC ............................. SUCCESS [3.410s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth ................................ SUCCESS [4.503s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth Examples ....................... SUCCESS [2.915s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Common .............................. SUCCESS [1:25.913s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop NFS ................................. SUCCESS [8.324s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Common Project ...................... SUCCESS [0.064s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS ................................ SUCCESS [2:31.023s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HttpFS .............................. SUCCESS [16.389s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS BookKeeper Journal ............. SUCCESS [8.235s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS-NFS ............................ SUCCESS [4.493s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS Project ........................ SUCCESS [0.041s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn ....................................... SUCCESS [0.031s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-api ................................... SUCCESS [1:11.828s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-common ................................ SUCCESS [30.542s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server ................................ SUCCESS [0.047s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-common ......................... SUCCESS [13.953s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager .................... SUCCESS [16.537s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy ...................... SUCCESS [3.270s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice ...... SUCCESS [7.840s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager ................ SUCCESS [15.877s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-tests .......................... SUCCESS [0.421s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-client ................................ SUCCESS [6.406s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications .......................... SUCCESS [0.025s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell ......... SUCCESS [3.208s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher .... SUCCESS [1.885s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-site .................................. SUCCESS [0.058s] [INFO] hadoop-yarn-project ............................... SUCCESS [2.870s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client ........................... SUCCESS [0.065s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-core ...................... SUCCESS [26.292s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-common .................... SUCCESS [19.197s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle ................... SUCCESS [5.229s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-app ....................... SUCCESS [12.322s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs ........................ SUCCESS [10.640s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient ................. SUCCESS [5.154s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins ................ SUCCESS [1.939s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Examples .................. SUCCESS [8.088s] [INFO] hadoop-mapreduce .................................. SUCCESS [2.979s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Streaming ................. SUCCESS [5.615s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Distributed Copy .................... SUCCESS [7.668s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Archives ............................ SUCCESS [2.014s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Rumen ............................... SUCCESS [6.567s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Gridmix ............................. SUCCESS [4.398s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Data Join ........................... SUCCESS [3.151s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Extras .............................. SUCCESS [3.251s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Pipes ............................... SUCCESS [1.901s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop OpenStack support ................... SUCCESS [5.722s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Client .............................. SUCCESS [4.021s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Mini-Cluster ........................ SUCCESS [0.095s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Scheduler Load Simulator ............ SUCCESS [5.776s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools Dist .......................... SUCCESS [2.768s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools ............................... SUCCESS [0.035s] [INFO] Apache Hadoop Distribution ........................ SUCCESS [8.571s] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 10:30.071s [INFO] Finished at: Sat Nov 08 04:42:01 PST 2014 [INFO] Final Memory: 91M/324M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
编译后的代码在hadoop-2.5.1-src/hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.5.1下，以后要搭建hadoop环境直接使用hadoop-2.5.1文件夹部署即可。