转自:http://blog.csdn.net/andy_yf/article/details/7487384
thrift做为跨语言调用的方案有高效，支持语言较多，成熟等优点；代码侵入较强是其弱点。
下面记录以C++做服务器，C++,java和python做客户端的示例，这个和本人现在工作环境吻合，使用多线程长连接的socket来建立高效分布式系统的跨语言调用平台。遗憾的是目前版本(0.7.0)的C语言还不支持Compact协议，导致在现在的环境中nginx c module调用thrift要使用binary协议。thrift开发团队似乎对C语言不太感冒。
1.定义idl文件acsuser.thrift
1 struct User{ 2 1: string uid, 3 2: string uname, 4 3: bool usex, 5 4: i16 uage, 6 } 7 service UserService{ 8 void add(1: User u), 9 User get(1: string uid), 10 }
2.生成c++,java和python代码框架
1 thrift -r --gen cpp acsuser.thrift 2 thrift -r --gen java acsuser.thrift 3 thrift -r --gen py acsuser.thrift
这时生成子目录gen-cpp,gen-java,gen-py
3.生成C++服务端代码
cp gen-cpp/UserService_server.skeleton.cpp UserServer.cpp
修改UserServer.cpp
1 #include "UserService.h" 2 #include <config.h> 3 //#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h> 4 #include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h> 5 #include <server/TSimpleServer.h> 6 #include <transport/TServerSocket.h> 7 #include <transport/TBufferTransports.h> 8 #include <concurrency/ThreadManager.h> 9 #include <concurrency/PosixThreadFactory.h> 10 #include <server/TThreadPoolServer.h> 11 #include <server/TThreadedServer.h> 12 13 using namespace ::apache::thrift; 14 using namespace ::apache::thrift::protocol; 15 using namespace ::apache::thrift::transport; 16 using namespace ::apache::thrift::server; 17 using namespace ::apache::thrift::concurrency; 18 19 using boost::shared_ptr; 20 21 class UserServiceHandler : virtual public UserServiceIf { 22 public: 23 UserServiceHandler() { 24 // Your initialization goes here 25 } 26 27 void add(const User& u) { 28 // Your implementation goes here 29 printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d ", u.uid.c_str(), u.uname.c_str(), u.usex, u.uage); 30 } 31 32 void get(User& _return, const std::string& uid) { 33 // Your implementation goes here 34 _return.uid = "leo1"; 35 _return.uname = "yueyue"; 36 _return.usex = 1; 37 _return.uage = 3; 38 printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d ", _return.uid.c_str(), _return.uname.c_str(), _return.usex, _return.uage); 39 } 40 41 }; 42 43 int main(int argc, char **argv) { 44 shared_ptr<UserServiceHandler> handler(new UserServiceHandler()); 45 shared_ptr<TProcessor> processor(new UserServiceProcessor(handler)); 46 shared_ptr<TProtocolFactory> protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocolFactory()); 47 shared_ptr<TTransportFactory> transportFactory(new TBufferedTransportFactory()); 48 shared_ptr<TServerTransport> serverTransport(new TServerSocket(9090)); 49 50 shared_ptr<ThreadManager> threadManager = ThreadManager::newSimpleThreadManager(10); 51 shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory> threadFactory = shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory>(new PosixThreadFactory()); 52 threadManager->threadFactory(threadFactory); 53 threadManager->start(); 54 printf("start user server... "); 55 56 TThreadPoolServer server(processor, serverTransport, transportFactory, protocolFactory, threadManager); 57 server.serve(); 58 return 0; 59 }
注意这段代码使用TCompactProtocol，需要#include <config.h>
另外这个是Blocking的多线程服务器
4.生成C++的client文件UserClient.cpp
1 #include "UserService.h" 2 #include <config.h> 3 #include <transport/TSocket.h> 4 #include <transport/TBufferTransports.h> 5 #include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h> 6 7 using namespace apache::thrift; 8 using namespace apache::thrift::protocol; 9 using namespace apache::thrift::transport; 10 11 using boost::shared_ptr; 12 13 int main(int argc, char **argv) { 14 boost::shared_ptr<TSocket> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9090)); 15 boost::shared_ptr<TTransport> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket)); 16 boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TCompactProtocol(transport)); 17 18 transport->open(); 19 20 User u; 21 u.uid = "leo"; 22 u.uname = "yueyue"; 23 u.usex = 1; 24 u.uage = 3; 25 26 UserServiceClient client(protocol); 27 client.add(u); 28 29 User u1; 30 client.get(u1,"lll"); 31 32 transport->close(); 33 printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d ", u1.uid.c_str(), u1.uname.c_str(), u1.usex, u1.uage); 34 return 0; 35 }
5.生成Makefile
1 BOOST_DIR = /usr/local/include/boost/ 2 THRIFT_DIR = /usr/local/include/thrift 3 LIB_DIR = /usr/local/lib 4 GEN_SRC = ./gen-cpp/acsuser_types.cpp ./gen-cpp/acsuser_constants.cpp ./gen-cpp/UserService.cpp 5 default: server client 6 server: UserServer.cpp 7 g++ -g -o UserServer -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR} -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserServer.cpp ${GEN_SRC} 8 client: UserClient.cpp 9 g++ -g -o UserClient -lm -pthread -lz -lrt -lssl -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR} -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserClient.cpp ${GEN_SRC} 10 clean: 11 $(RM) -r UserServer UserClient
6.启动c++ server
1 ./UserServer
7.测试c++ client
1 ./UserClient
8.写java client文件UserClient.java
1 import org.apache.thrift.TException; 2 import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol; 3 import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol; 4 import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport; 5 import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingSocket; 6 import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket; 7 import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport; 8 import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException; 9 10 //import UserService.Client; 11 12 public class UserClient { 13 private void start() { 14 try { 15 TTransport socket = new TSocket("localhost", 9090); 16 //TTransport transport = new TFramedTransport(socket); 17 TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(socket); 18 19 UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol); 20 socket.open(); 21 System.out.println(client.get("lll")); 22 23 User u = new User(); 24 u.uid="leojava"; 25 u.uname="yueyue"; 26 u.usex=true; 27 u.uage=3; 28 client.add(u); 29 socket.close(); 30 31 } catch (TTransportException e) { 32 e.printStackTrace(); 33 } catch (TException e) { 34 e.printStackTrace(); 35 } 36 } 37 38 public static void main(String[] args) { 39 UserClient c = new UserClient(); 40 c.start(); 41 42 } 43 }
编译和运行java client
1 javac -classpath /usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar UserClient.java ./gen-java/*.java 2 java -classpath .:./gen-java:/usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar UserClient
9.写Python client文件PythonClient.py
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 import sys 3 sys.path.append('./gen-py') 4 from acsuser import UserService 5 from acsuser.ttypes import * 6 from thrift import Thrift 7 from thrift.transport import TSocket 8 from thrift.transport import TTransport 9 from thrift.protocol import TCompactProtocol 10 11 # Make socket 12 transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost', 9090) 13 # Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow 14 transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport) 15 # Wrap in a protocol 16 protocol = TCompactProtocol.TCompactProtocol(transport) 17 # Create a client to use the protocol encoder 18 client = UserService.Client(protocol) 19 # Connect! 20 transport.open() 21 # Call Server services 22 u = client.get('lll') 23 print 'uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d u.uage=%d' %(u.uid,u.uname,u.usex,u.uage) 24 25 u1 = User() 26 u1.uid='leo' 27 u1.uname='yueyue' 28 u1.usex=1 29 u1.uage=3 30 client.add(u1)
执行python client代码
1 chmod 777 PythonClient.py 2 ./PythonClient.py