利用thrift在c++、java和python之间相互调用

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/andy_yf/article/details/7487384

thrift做为跨语言调用的方案有高效，支持语言较多，成熟等优点；代码侵入较强是其弱点。 
下面记录以C++做服务器，C++,java和python做客户端的示例，这个和本人现在工作环境吻合，使用多线程长连接的socket来建立高效分布式系统的跨语言调用平台。遗憾的是目前版本(0.7.0)的C语言还不支持Compact协议，导致在现在的环境中nginx c module调用thrift要使用binary协议。thrift开发团队似乎对C语言不太感冒。 

1.定义idl文件acsuser.thrift 

struct User{    
 1: string uid,    
 2: string uname,    
 3: bool usex,    
 4: i16 uage,    
}    
service UserService{    
 void add(1: User u),    
 User get(1: string uid),    
}    

2.生成c++,java和python代码框架 

thrift -r --gen cpp acsuser.thrift     
thrift -r --gen java acsuser.thrift     
thrift -r --gen py acsuser.thrift  

这时生成子目录gen-cpp,gen-java,gen-py 

3.生成C++服务端代码

cp gen-cpp/UserService_server.skeleton.cpp UserServer.cpp   

修改UserServer.cpp

#include "UserService.h"    
#include <config.h>    
//#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>    
#include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>    
#include <server/TSimpleServer.h>    
#include <transport/TServerSocket.h>    
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>    
#include <concurrency/ThreadManager.h>    
#include <concurrency/PosixThreadFactory.h>    
#include <server/TThreadPoolServer.h>    
#include <server/TThreadedServer.h>    
    
using namespace ::apache::thrift;    
using namespace ::apache::thrift::protocol;    
using namespace ::apache::thrift::transport;    
using namespace ::apache::thrift::server;    
using namespace ::apache::thrift::concurrency;    
    
using boost::shared_ptr;    
    
class UserServiceHandler : virtual public UserServiceIf {    
 public:    
  UserServiceHandler() {    
    // Your initialization goes here    
  }    
    
  void add(const User& u) {    
    // Your implementation goes here    
    printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d
", u.uid.c_str(), u.uname.c_str(), u.usex, u.uage);    
  }    
    
  void get(User& _return, const std::string& uid) {    
    // Your implementation goes here    
    _return.uid = "leo1";    
    _return.uname = "yueyue";    
    _return.usex = 1;    
    _return.uage = 3;    
    printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d
", _return.uid.c_str(), _return.uname.c_str(), _return.usex, _return.uage);    
  }    
    
};    
    
int main(int argc, char **argv) {    
  shared_ptr<UserServiceHandler> handler(new UserServiceHandler());    
  shared_ptr<TProcessor> processor(new UserServiceProcessor(handler));    
  shared_ptr<TProtocolFactory> protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocolFactory());    
  shared_ptr<TTransportFactory> transportFactory(new TBufferedTransportFactory());    
  shared_ptr<TServerTransport> serverTransport(new TServerSocket(9090));    
    
  shared_ptr<ThreadManager> threadManager = ThreadManager::newSimpleThreadManager(10);    
  shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory> threadFactory = shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory>(new PosixThreadFactory());    
  threadManager->threadFactory(threadFactory);    
  threadManager->start();    
  printf("start user server...
");    
    
  TThreadPoolServer server(processor, serverTransport, transportFactory, protocolFactory, threadManager);    
  server.serve();    
  return 0;    
}    

注意这段代码使用TCompactProtocol，需要#include <config.h> 
另外这个是Blocking的多线程服务器

4.生成C++的client文件UserClient.cpp 

#include "UserService.h"    
#include <config.h>    
#include <transport/TSocket.h>    
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>    
#include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>    
    
using namespace apache::thrift;    
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;    
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;    
    
using boost::shared_ptr;    
    
int main(int argc, char **argv) {    
        boost::shared_ptr<TSocket> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9090));    
        boost::shared_ptr<TTransport> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket));    
        boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TCompactProtocol(transport));    
    
        transport->open();    
    
        User u;    
        u.uid = "leo";    
        u.uname = "yueyue";    
        u.usex = 1;    
        u.uage = 3;    
    
        UserServiceClient client(protocol);    
        client.add(u);    
    
        User u1;    
        client.get(u1,"lll");    
    
        transport->close();    
        printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d
", u1.uid.c_str(), u1.uname.c_str(), u1.usex, u1.uage);    
        return 0;    
}    

5.生成Makefile 

BOOST_DIR = /usr/local/include/boost/    
THRIFT_DIR = /usr/local/include/thrift    
LIB_DIR = /usr/local/lib    
GEN_SRC = ./gen-cpp/acsuser_types.cpp ./gen-cpp/acsuser_constants.cpp ./gen-cpp/UserService.cpp    
default: server client    
server: UserServer.cpp    
        g++ -g -o UserServer -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserServer.cpp ${GEN_SRC}    
client: UserClient.cpp    
        g++ -g -o UserClient -lm -pthread -lz -lrt -lssl -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserClient.cpp ${GEN_SRC}    
clean:    
        $(RM) -r UserServer UserClient    

6.启动c++ server 

./UserServer

7.测试c++ client 

./UserClient

8.写java client文件UserClient.java

import org.apache.thrift.TException;    
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;    
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;    
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;    
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingSocket;    
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;    
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;    
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;    
    
//import UserService.Client;    
    
public class UserClient {    
    private void start() {    
        try {    
            TTransport socket = new TSocket("localhost", 9090);    
            //TTransport transport = new TFramedTransport(socket);    
            TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(socket);    
    
            UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol);    
            socket.open();    
            System.out.println(client.get("lll"));    
    
            User u = new User();    
            u.uid="leojava";    
            u.uname="yueyue";    
            u.usex=true;    
            u.uage=3;    
            client.add(u);    
            socket.close();    
    
        } catch (TTransportException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        } catch (TException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }    
    }    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {    
        UserClient c = new UserClient();    
        c.start();    
    
    }    
}    

编译和运行java client 

javac -classpath /usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar UserClient.java ./gen-java/*.java    
java -classpath .:./gen-java:/usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar UserClient   

9.写Python client文件PythonClient.py 

#!/usr/bin/env python    
import sys    
sys.path.append('./gen-py')    
from acsuser import UserService    
from acsuser.ttypes import *    
from thrift import Thrift    
from thrift.transport import TSocket    
from thrift.transport import TTransport    
from thrift.protocol import TCompactProtocol    
    
# Make socket    
transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost', 9090)    
# Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow    
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)    
# Wrap in a protocol    
protocol = TCompactProtocol.TCompactProtocol(transport)    
# Create a client to use the protocol encoder    
client = UserService.Client(protocol)    
# Connect!    
transport.open()    
# Call Server services      
u = client.get('lll')    
print 'uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d u.uage=%d' %(u.uid,u.uname,u.usex,u.uage)    
    
u1 = User()    
u1.uid='leo'    
u1.uname='yueyue'    
u1.usex=1    
u1.uage=3    
client.add(u1)    

执行python client代码 

chmod 777 PythonClient.py    
./PythonClient.py