@FeignClient(name = "gateway-test", value = "gateway-test", url = "localhost:9997", fallbackFactory = FallbackFactory.class, contextId = "GatewayClient")
name/value: 服务名称
//查看源码可知: 两个属性等价
public @interface FeignClient {
@AliasFor("value")
String name() default "";
@AliasFor("value")
String name() default "";
}
//查看源码可知: 两个属性至少要配置一个
FeignClientsRegistrar {
private String getClientName(Map<String, Object> client) {
if (client == null) {
return null;
}
String value = (String) client.get("contextId");
if (!StringUtils.hasText(value)) {
value = (String) client.get("value");
}
if (!StringUtils.hasText(value)) {
value = (String) client.get("name");
}
if (!StringUtils.hasText(value)) {
value = (String) client.get("serviceId");
}
if (StringUtils.hasText(value)) {
return value;
}
throw new IllegalStateException("Either 'name' or 'value' must be provided in @"
+ FeignClient.class.getSimpleName());
}
}
url: 请求地址, 没配置的话, 会把name/value的属性值当成服务名进行调用, 配置的话则使用url的值
示例:
Product服务: 服提供者, 服务名product-client, 存在一个接口/product/test, 返回"test"字符串
User服务: 调用方, 服务名user-client, 存在一个接口/user/test, 调用product服务的test接口
//配置url方式,请求地址为url的地址
@FeignClient(name = "product-client", url = "localhost:9997")
public interface ProductClient {
/**
* ..
* @return .
*/
@GetMapping("/product/test")
String test();
}
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource
private ProductClient client;
@GetMapping("/test")
public String test() {
return client.test();
}
}
//访问http://localhost:8200/user/test报错:
//Connection refused: connect executing GET http://localhost:9997/product/test with root cause
//说明配置了url属性后,确实是根据url的值作为请求地址进行调用
//使用服务名调用方式
@FeignClient(name = "product-client")
public interface ProductClient {
/**
* ..
* @return .
*/
@GetMapping("/product/test")
String test();
}
//调用成功,后台能看到获取注册中心(nacos)的数据解析获取真实的url地址的日志
//用一个不存在的服务名再验证一下
@FeignClient(name = "product-client123")
public interface ProductClient {
/**
* ..
* @return .
*/
@GetMapping("/product/test")
String test();
}
//报错信息:
com.netflix.client.ClientException: Load balancer does not have available server for client: product-client123
fallbackFactory: 获取异常信息
示例:
user服务开启hystrix
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true
//user服务添加fallback,用于在调用服务出现错误时,返回自定义信息
@Component
public class ProductClientFallback implements ProductClient{
@Override
public String test() {
return "error";
}
}
//user服务添加fallbackFactory,用户在调用服务出现错误时,获取错误信息
@Component
public class ProductClientFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<ProductClient> {
@Resource
ProductClientFallback fallback;
@Override
public ProductClient create(Throwable cause) {
System.out.println("cause.getMessage() = " + cause.getMessage());
return fallback;
}
}
//product服务修改/product/test接口,模拟出现异常
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
public class ProductController {
@GetMapping("/test")
public String test() throws Exception {
throw new Exception("test Exception");
}
}
Postman访问 http://localhost:8200/user/test ,成功返回自定义的异常信息
查看服务调用方User的日志, 成功打印出错误日志
message信息为空的话,配置一下Product服务:
server:
error:
include-message: ALWAYS
具体原因请查看 博客, 也可以通过使用@ControllerAdvice来解决
contextId: 别名
假设一个User服务有两个FeignClient,都需要调用Product服务, 因为name属性值一样,所以需要通过配置contextId来区分,否则启动项目时会报错
@FeignClient(name = "product-client", fallbackFactory = ProductClientFallbackFactory.class, contextId = "ProductClientCopy")
public interface ProductClientCopy {
/**
* ..
* @return .
*/
@GetMapping("/product/testCopy")
String test();
}
@FeignClient(name = "product-client", fallbackFactory = ProductClientFallbackFactory.class, contextId = "ProductClient")
public interface ProductClient {
/**
* ..
* @return .
*/
@GetMapping("/product/testCopy")
String test();
}