• python-day2-运算符


    # ### 变量的缓存机制 (仅对python3.6版本负责)

    # -->Number 部分(int,float.bool,complex)
    # 1.对于整数而言,-5~正无穷范围内的相同值,id一致
    var1 = 10
    var2 = 10
    var1 = -100
    var2 = -100
    print(id(var1),id(var2))

    # 2.对于浮点数而言,非负数范围内的相同值 id一致
    var1 = 0.15
    var2 = 0.15
    var1 = - 1.6
    var2 = - 1.6
    print(id(var1),id(var2))


    # 3. 布尔值而言,值相同情况下,id一致
    var1 = True
    var2 = True
    print(id(var1),id(var2))

    # 4.复数在 实数+虚数 这样的结构中永不相同(只有虚数的情况下例外)
    var1 = 3+4j
    var2 = 3+4j
    var1 = 8j
    var2 = 8j
    var1 = -60j
    var2 = -60j
    print(id(var1),id(var2))


    # -->容器类型部分(str,list,tuple,set,dict)
    # 5.字符串 和 空元组 相同的情况下,地址相同
    var1 = "您好"
    var2 = "您好"
    print(id(var1),id(var2))

    var1 = ()
    var2 = ()
    print(id(var1),id(var2))

    # 6.列表,元组,字典,集合无论什么情况 id标识都不同 [空元组例外]
    var1 = (1,2,3)
    var2 = (1,2,3)
    print(id(var1) , id(var2))


    # ### 运算符
    var1 = 10
    var2 = 5
    # 1.算数运算符 + - * / // % **
    # +
    res = var1 + var2
    print(res)

    # -
    res = var1 - var2
    print(res)

    # *
    res = var1 * var2
    print(res)

    # / (结果一定是小数)
    res = var1 / var2 # 2.0
    print(res)

    # // (地板处,取整数)
    # 商 = 被除数 // 除数
    res = var1 // var2 # 2
    # 如果被除数或者除数都是小数,那么在正常取得这个结果之后加上.0
    res = 10.0 // 5 # 2.0
    print(res)

    # % (取余)
    # 被除数和除数如是负数的求法:
    # 如果被除数是负数,先全部看做正整数求出余数,然后给余数加负号,最后加上除数
    # 如果除数是负数,先全部看做正整数求出余数,然后给除数加负号,最后余数加上带负号的除数
    res = var1 % var2
    res = 7 % 5 # 2
    res = -7 % 5 # -2 + 5 = 3
    res = 7 % -5 # 2 + (-5) = -3
    res = -7 % -5 #-2 # 被除数和除数都是负数,余数头上直接加负号 => -3
    print(res)

    # **
    res = 5 ** 2
    print(res)

    # 2. 比较运算符: > < >= =< == !=
    res = 10 > 8
    res = 10 <= 8
    res = 10 >= 10
    print(res)

    # == 是在比较,比较两个值是否相同, = 是在赋值,将右侧的值赋值给左侧
    res = 10 == 10 # True
    res = 10 != 10 # False
    print(res)

    出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/liucx/

    # 3.赋值运算符: = += -= *= /= //= %= **=
    # 赋值运算(从右往左看)

    # +=
    '''var1 = var1 + var2'''
    var1 = 8
    var2 = 3
    var1 += var2
    print(var1)

    # -=
    '''var1 = var1 - var2'''
    var1 = 8
    var2 = 3
    var1 -= var2
    print(var1)

    # *=
    '''var1 = var1 * var2'''
    var1 = 8
    var2 = 3
    var1 *= var2
    print(var1)

    # /=
    '''var1 = var1 / var2'''
    var1 = 8
    var2 = 3
    var1 /= var2
    print(var1)

    # //=
    '''var1 = var1 // var2'''
    var1 = 8
    var2 = 3
    var1 //= var2
    print(var1)

    # %=
    '''var1 = var1 % var2'''
    var1 = 10
    var2 = 3
    var1 %= var2
    print(var1)

    # **=
    '''var1 = var1 **= var2'''
    var1 = 10
    var2 = 2
    var1 **= var2
    print(var1)

    # 4.成员运算符: in 和 not in (针对容器型数据)
    # 字符串
    """需要字符串是一个连续的片段"""
    strvar = "天天向上,好好学习"
    res = "上" in strvar
    res = "天天" in strvar
    res = "上学" in strvar # False
    res = "上学" not in strvar # True
    print(res)

    # list tuple set
    listvar = ["小刘","小李","小陈","小张"]
    tupvar = ("小刘","小李","小陈","小张")
    setvar = {"小刘","小李","小陈","小张"}
    res = "小刘" in listvar
    res = "小李" not in tupvar
    res = "aa" in setvar
    print(res)

    # dict
    """in 或 not in 在字典当中,判断的是键,不是值"""
    dic = {"xk":"星空","lt":"蓝天","by":"白云"}
    res = "星空" in dic # False
    res = "xk" in dic
    print(res)


    # 5.身份运算符: is 和 is not (检测两个数据在内存当中是否是同一个值)
    # 整型 -5 ~ 正无穷
    var1 = 100
    var2 = 100
    print(var1 is var2)

    # 浮点型 非负数
    var1 = 4.8
    var2 = 4.8
    print(var1 is not var2)

    # 相同的布尔值
    var1 = True
    var2 = True
    print(var1 is var2)

    # 实数+虚数 这样结构里,永远不同
    var1 = 5-90j
    var2 = 5-90j
    var1 = 90j
    var2 = 90j
    print(var1 is var2)

    # 容器(除了相同的字符串和相同的空元组之外,剩下的所有容器都不一样)
    var1 = ()
    var2 = ()
    var1 = (1,2)
    var2 = (1,2)
    print(var1 is var2)



    # 6.逻辑运算符 and or not
    # 逻辑与 and
    """全真则真,一假则假"""
    res = True and True # True
    res = True and False # False
    res = False and True # False
    res = False and False # False
    print(res)

    # 逻辑或 or
    """全假则假,一真则真"""
    res = True or True # True
    res = True or False # True
    res = False or True # True
    res = False or False # False
    print(res)

    # 逻辑非 not
    """真变假,假变真"""
    res = not True
    res = not False
    print(res)

    print("====")

    # 逻辑短路
    """
    短路场景:
    (1)True or 表达式
    (2)False and 表达式
    后面的代码由于逻辑问题,没有触发执行
    """
    print(True or print("1111")) # 打印 True
    print(False and print("2222")) # 打印 False

    res = True or True # True
    res = True or False # True
    res = False and True # False
    res = False and False # False
    print(res)
    """
    1.先脑补当前这个值的布尔型是True还是False
    2.依据真假用来判断是否短路
    3.短路返回前者,否则返回后者
    """
    res = 8 or 6 # 8 短路,返回前者
    res = 5 and 6 # 6 不短路,返回后者
    res = False and 6 # False 短路
    res = 6 and True
    print(res)

    # 逻辑符号的优先级
    # () > not > and > or
    res = 5 or 6 and 7 # 5 or 7 => 5
    res = not 5 or 7 and 8 # False or 7 and 8 =>False or 8 => 8
    res = not(5 or 6) and 7 # not 6 and 7 => False and 7 => False
    res = 0 or 6 and 7 # 0 or 7 => 7
    res = 0 or 6 and 0 # 0 or 0 =>0
    res = 1>2 and 3<4 or 7>10 and 10<11 or 11> 12 and 34<1
    '''
    False and True or False and True or False and False
    False or False or False
    False or False
    False
    '''
    print(res)

    # 7.位运算符: & | ^ << >> ~
    # & 按位与
    var1 = 19
    var2 = 15
    res = var1 & var2
    print(res) #3
    """
    10011 => 19
    01111 => 15
    00011
    """

    # | 按位或
    var1 = 19
    var2 = 15
    res = var1 | var2
    print(res) # 31
    """
    10011 => 19
    01111 => 15
    11111
    """

    # ^ 按位异或 (相同的两个值是False,不同的两个值是True)
    var1 = 19
    var2 = 15
    res = var1 ^ var2
    print(res) # 28
    """
    10011 => 19
    01111 => 15
    11100
    """

    # << >>
    '''<< 左移是做乘法 乘以2的n次幂'''
    res = 5 << 2 # 5 * 2 的2次幂 => 20
    res = 2 << 3 # 2 * 2 的3次幂 => 16
    res = 3 << 1 # 3 * 2 的1次幂 => 6
    print(res)
    """
    5 => 0000 0101 => 左移2位 => 0001 0100 => 20
    2 => 0000 0010 => 左移3位 => 0001 0000 => 16
    2 => 0000 0011 => 左移1位 => 0000 0110 => 6
    """

    """>> 右移是做除法,除以2的n次幂"""
    res = 5 >> 1 # 5 // 2的1次幂 => 2
    res = 5 >> 2 # 5 // 2的2次幂 => 1
    res = 5 >> 3 # 5 // 2的3次幂 => 0
    print(res)
    """
    0000 0101 => 右移1位 => 0000 0010 => 2
    0000 0101 => 右移2位 => 0000 0001 => 1
    0000 0101 => 右移3位 => 0000 0000 => 0
    """

    # ~ 按位非
    """公式:-(n+1)"""
    res = ~ -19 # 18
    res = ~ -10 # 9
    res = ~ 10 # -11
    print(res)


    # 总结
    """
    优先级最高的运算符: **
    优先级最低的运算符: =

    一元运算符优先级 > 二元运算符
    一元运算符 : 同一时间只操作一个数字的 - ~
    二元运算符 : 同一时间操作两个数字的 + - * /...

    同级运算符比较:
    乘除 > 加减
    () > not > and > or
    (<< >>) > & ^ > |

    算术运算符 > 位运算符 > 比较运算符 > 身份运算符 > 成员运算符 > 逻辑运算符 >
    赋值运算符做收尾,等所有值运算结束之后,赋值给左侧变量.

    """# 用括号包起来,更加方便大家阅读;
    res = (5 + 5) << (6 // 3) is 40 or False
    # res = 10 << 2 is 40 or False
    # res = 40 is 40 or False
    # res = True or False
    # res = True
    print(res)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liucx/p/13366518.html
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