十二、Django_test

一、概述

不同的项目类型里面的单元测试基本不同

二、测试项目分析

1、models.py页面：模型页面

1.1、tests.py文件里面写入case

from django.test import TestCase
from sign.models import Event,Guest   #导入引用的模块
# Create your tests here.

class ModelsTest(TestCase): #创建测试类，继承Django下面的TestCase方法

    def test_event(self):  #创建测试类
        Event.objects.create(id=1, name="oneplus 3 event", status=True, limit=2000,
                             address='shenzhen', start_time='2016-08-31 02:18:22')   #数据初始化，创建一条发布会数据来提供后面进行查找
        results =  Event.objects.all()  #调用，并不是真正的去查找相对应的数据，需要在前面先创建发布会的字段才可以查找到
        print(results)

 1.2、终端进入到相对应的目录，并且使用Test方法运行脚本

 monkey@MacBook-Pro-7 � /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/guest � python3 manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
<QuerySet [<Event: oneplus 3 event>]>
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.005s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)

 1.3、运行原理

跟上面的unittest原理一样

先找代码中有没有继承Django中Test下面的TestCase类

再查找定义的方法中是否有test开头的方法，如果有的话就执行

case运行的先后顺序为：通过ASCII码的排序进行排序运行

初始化的数据并不会到数据库里面，只是提供测试操作

1.4、case的断言操作

tests.py文件

from django.test import TestCase
from sign.models import Event,Guest   #导入引用的模块
# Create your tests here.

class ModelsTest(TestCase): #创建测试类，继承Django下面的TestCase方法

    def test_event(self):  #创建测试类
        Event.objects.create(id=1, name="test1", status=True, limit=2000,
                             address='shenzhen', start_time='2016-08-31 02:18:22')   #初始化测试数据，供下面查询使用，这条数据并不会直接到数据库里面，只是提供测试查询需要
        results =  Event.objects.get(name = 'test1')  #查询相对应的方式不会真正的去数据库查询数据，需要通过上面的方法创建数据
        print(results.limit)
        print(results.address)
        self.assertEqual(results.limit,2000)  #断言查询出来的数据是否limit =  2000
        self.assertEqual(results.address,'shenzhen')   #断言查询出来的数据 是否address = 'shenzhen'

终端运行结果

 monkey@MacBook-Pro-7 � /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/guest � python3 manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
2000
shenzhen
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.004s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)

 1.5、使用setUp()、tearDown()

tests.py文件

from django.test import TestCase
from sign.models import Event,Guest   #导入引用的模块
# Create your tests here.

class ModelsTest(TestCase): #创建测试类，继承Django下面的TestCase方法

    def setUp(self):
        #初始化发布会数据
        Event.objects.create(id=1, name="test1", status=True, limit=2000,
                             address='shenzhen', start_time='2016-08-31 02:18:22')
        #初始化嘉宾表数据
        Guest.objects.create(id=2, event_id=1, realname='alen',
                             phone='13711001101', email='alen@mail.com', sign=False)

    #发布会的case
    def test_event(self):
        results =Event.objects.get(name = 'test1')
        print(results.limit)
        print(results.address)
        self.assertEqual(results.limit,2000)
        self.assertEqual(results.address,'shenzhen')

    #嘉宾表的case
    def test_guest(self):
        results =Guest.objects.get(realname= 'alen')
        self.assertEqual(results.phone,'13711001101')
        self.assertEqual(results.email,'alen@mail.com')

 终端页面

 monkey@MacBook-Pro-7 � /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/guest � python3 manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
2000
shenzhen
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.010s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)

2、views.py页面：视图页面

2.1、初始化测试环境

终端进入shell模式

导入Client类，模拟post、get请求，加入路径，如果返回码为200则表示成功，建立了测试环境

monkey@MacBook-Pro-7 � /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/guest � python3 manage.py shell
Python 3.6.3 (default, Oct 17 2017, 00:27:06)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.1.0 (clang-802.0.42)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> from django.test.utils import setup_test_environment
>>> setup_test_environment()
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> from django.test import Client   #导入Client类
>>> c = Client()
>>> response = c.get("/index/")    #类似于模拟界面自动化测试的方法，加入相对应的跳转后缀，模拟index页面登录效果
>>> response.status_code   #获取返回码
200

 2.2、测试case编写

index页面登录case编写

class TestIndex(TestCase):

    def test_idex(self):
        respose = self.client.get('/index/')
        print(respose.status_code)

 运行结果

 monkey@MacBook-Pro-7 � /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/guest � python3 manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
200
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.017s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)

 2.3、断言判断

class TestIndex(TestCase):

    def test_idex(self):
        respose = self.client.get('/index/')
        self.assertEqual(respose.status_code,200)   #断言状态码是否为200
        self.assertTemplateUsed(respose,'new_index.html')  #断言模板是否可用
        # print(respose.status_code)

 运行结果

 monkey@MacBook-Pro-7 � /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/guest � python3 manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.018s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:161: Warning: Changing sql mode 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' is deprecated. It will be removed in a future release.
  result = self._query(query)

 2.4、登录case编写

from django.test import TestCase
from sign.models import Event,Guest   #导入引用的模块
from django.contrib.auth.models import User   #导入用户表（在写登录单元测试case的时候需要创建一个用户来测试


class LoginActionTest(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        '''
        初始化测试数据：创建一个新的用户（与model层的初始化发布会、嘉宾表数据一样）
        :return:
        '''
        User.objects.create_user('admin','admin@mail.com','admin123456')

    def test_add_author_email(self):
        '''
        添加测试用户
        :return:
        '''
        user = User.objects.get(username='admin')
        self.assertEqual(user.username,'admin')
        self.assertEqual(user.email,'admin@mail.com')
    
    def test_login_action_username_password_null(self):
        '''
        用户名、密码为空
        :return:
        '''
        response = self.client.post('/login_action/',{'input_username':'','input_password':''})
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
        self.assertIn(b'username or password error!',response.content)  #返回整个登录页面信息


    def test_login_action_username_password_error(self):
        '''
        用户名、密码错误
        :return:
        '''
        test_data = {'username':'abc','password':'123'}
        response = self.c.post('/login_action/',data = test_data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
        self.assertIn(b'username or password error!',response.content)

    def test_login_action_success(self):
        '''
        登录成功
        :return:
        '''
        test_data = {'username':'admin','password':'admin123456'}
        response = self.c.post('/login_actiom/',data = test_data)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code,302)

3、templates（模板）

只是一个HTML页面，不能进行测试，如果HTML页面有JS代码（script）可以进行测试

4、单独执行相对应的接口

python3 manage.py test sign

python3 manage.py test sign.tests.TestIndex