课程作业——字符串、组合数据类型练习

1.字符串练习：

• http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2017/xiaoyuanxinwen_1027/8443.html 取得校园新闻的编号

strSource = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2017/xiaoyuanxinwen_1027/8443.html'
print(strSource[strSource.find('_') + 1:strSource.find('.html')])
print('-+' * 50)

• https://docs.python.org/3/library/turtle.html 产生python文档的网址

strSource = 'https://docs.python.org/3/library/{}.html'
lib = input('input lib name:')
print(strSource.format(lib))
print('-+' * 50)

• http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/4.html产生校园新闻的一系列新闻页网址

strSource = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'
for i in range(1, 5):
    print(strSource.format(i))
print('-+' * 50)

• 练习字符串内建函数：strip,lstrip,rstrip,split,count

strSource = ' code that change world '
print(strSource.split())  # 将strSource按照空格分割成由字符串组成的list
print(strSource.split('t'))  # 将strSource按照空格分割成由字符串组成的list且字符串的首尾不包含't'

print('|' + strSource.strip() + '|')  # 将strSource把首尾的空格去掉
print('|' + strSource.strip('c') + '|')  # 将strSource把首尾的'c'去掉

print('|' + strSource.lstrip() + '|')  # 将strSource把左边的空格去掉
print('|' + strSource.lstrip('c') + '|')  # 将strSource把左边的'c'去掉

print('|' + strSource.rstrip() + '|')  # 将strSource把右边的空格去掉
print('|' + strSource.rstrip('d') + '|')  # 将strSource把右边的'd'去掉

print(strSource.count('code'))  # 将strSource中'code'出现的次数统计出来
print('-+' * 50)

# 打印结果:
# ['code', 'that', 'change', 'world']
# [' code ', 'ha', ' change world ']
# |code that change world|
# | code that change world |
# |code that change world |
# | code that change world |
# | code that change world|
# | code that change world |
# 1

• 用函数得到校园新闻编号

def getNewsURL(number):
    url = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'
    print(url.format(number))


getNewsURL(1)
print('-+' * 50)

• 用函数统计一歌词中单词出现的次数

lyrics = '''
Passion is sweet
Love makes weak
You said you cherised freedom so
You refused to let it go
Follow your faith 
Love and hate
never failed to seize the day
Don't give yourself away
Oh when the night falls
And your all alone
In your deepest sleep 
What are you dreeeming of
My skin's still burning from your touch
Oh I just can't get enough 
I said I wouldn't ask for much
But your eyes are dangerous
So the tought keeps spinning in my head
Can we drop this masquerade
I can't predict where it ends
If you're the rock I'll crush against
Trapped in a crowd
Music's loud
I said I loved my freedom too
Now im not so sure i do
All eyes on you
Wings so true
'''


def getNumberOfWords(word, d_lyrics):
    list_of_lyrics = d_lyrics.split()
    return list_of_lyrics.count(word)


print(getNumberOfWords('you', lyrics))
print('-+' * 50)

• 将字符串分解成一个个的单词。

 strSource = ' code that change world '
 print(strSource.split())

2.组合数据类型练习

• 分别定义字符串，列表，元组，字典，集合，并进行遍历。

strSource = 'py'
listSource = ['a', 'b']
tupleSource = ('a', 'b')
dictSource = {'key1': 'a', 'key2': 'b'}
setSource = {'a', 'b'}
for i in strSource:
    print(i)
print('-+' * 50)
for i in listSource:
    print(i)
print('-+' * 50)
for i in tupleSource:
    print(i)
print('-+' * 50)
for k, v in dictSource.items():
    print(k, v)
print('-+' * 50)
for i in setSource:
    print(i)
print('-+' * 50)
# 打印结果：
# p
# y
# -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
# a
# b
# -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
# a
# b
# -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
# key1 a
# key2 b
# -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
# a
# b
# -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

• 总结列表，元组，字典，集合的联系与区别。
  • 列表：线性表，使用节点/元素来描述里面的单个数据，可增删查改
  • 元祖： 与列表相似，不可修改操作
  • 字典：使用key-value的形式保存数据，使用hash码生成key来确定存放位置
  • 集合：与字典相似，但是没有value，只有key