• linux安装mysql教程


    一. 下载mysql

    方法一:官网下载

    1. 下载地址:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

    2. 选择对应的系统和版本,下载

    方法二,直接命令下载:

    wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

    二. 安装准备

    1. 查看系统是否已安装mysql,如有会显示对应的mysql(类似mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64)

    rpm -qa | grep mysql

    2. 卸载已安装的mysql

    rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64  // 普通删除模式
    rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64  // 强力删除模式,如果使用上面命令删除时,提示有依赖的其它文件,则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除

    3. 查看是否已安装mariadb 数据库,有则卸载

    rpm -qa | grep mariadb

    rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

    三. 安装mysql

    1. 将下载好的安装包放到/opt/mysql目录下,进入目录,解压文件并重命名

    cd /opt/mysql
    tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

    mv mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.25

     

     2. 添加系统mysql组和mysql用户

    cat /etc/group | grep mysql

    cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

     3. 没有则创建用户和组,如图,代表成功,useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户,不可用于登录系统

    groupadd mysql

    useradd -r -g mysql mysql

     4.  创建data目录,并将/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25的所有者及所属组改为mysql

    mkdir /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/data

    chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25

     5. 在/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/support-files目录下创建my_default.cnf

    touch /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/support-files/my_default.cnf

    vi /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/support-files/my_default.cnf

     1 # For advice on how to change settings please see
     2 # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
     3 # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
     4 # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
     5 # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
     6  
     7  
     8 [mysqld]
     9 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
    10  
    11 basedir = /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25
    12 datadir = /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/data
    13 port = 3306
    14 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    15 character-set-server=utf8
    16  
    17 log-error = /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.log
    18 pid-file = /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.pid

    :wq 保存退出

    6. 复制文档为/etc/my.cnf

    cp support-files/my_default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

    7. 初始化mysqld,初始化语句的目录根据自己创建的目录修改

    cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25

    ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/data/

    8. 查看初始化日志,是否显示了临时密码

    cat /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/data/mysqld.log

     9. 把启动脚本放到开机初始化目录

    cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/

    cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

    10. 启动mysql服务

    service mysql start

     11.登录mysql,密码为初始密码

    ./bin/mysql -u root -p

    12. 修改密码

    mysql> set password=password('123456');
    mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
    mysql> flush privileges;

    13. 添加远程访问权限,其中“%”表示允许所有机器能访问root用户

    mysql> use mysql;
    mysql> update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
    mysql> flush privileges;

    报 ERROR 1062 (23000)的原因可以根据查询语句发现host已经有%,所以直接执行flush privileges;

    14. 重启mysql 生效

    service mysql restart

    四. 配置环境变量

    1. 修改/etc/profile文件

    vim /etc/profile

    2. 末尾输入如下语句,:wq保存退出

    MYSQL_HOME=/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.25(mysql的安装路径)
    PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
    export PATH MYSQL_HOME

    3. 重新加载配置文件

    source /etc/profile

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/leslie12956/p/13673490.html
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