Gateway是基于异步非阻塞模型上进行开发的，性能方面不需要担心。虽然Netflix早就发布了最新的Zuul 2.x,
但Spring Cloud貌似没有整合计划。而且Netflix相关组件都宣布进入维护期;不知前景如何?
我们为什么选择Gatway?
1.neflix不太靠谱，zuul2.0一直跳票,迟迟不发布
2.SpringCloud Gateway具有如下特性
3.SpringCloud Gateway与Zuul的区别
三大核心概念：
原理：
搭建:
POM：（ remove spring -boot- starter- web dependency）网关不需要web
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--新增gateway--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
YML：
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: cloud-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: payment_routh #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名（理论上可以顺便命名，但不要重复）
uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
- id: payment_routh2
uri: http://localhost:8001
predicates:
- Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
eureka:
instance:
hostname: cloud-gateway-service
client:
service-url:
register-with-eureka: true
fetch-registry: true
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
主启动类：
package com.atguigu.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient public class GateWayMain9527 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run( GateWayMain9527.class,args); } }
分析：
编码形式的网关配置：
package com.atguigu.springcloud.config; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class GateWayConfig { @Bean public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder) { RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes(); routes.route("path_rote_atguigu", r -> r.path("/guonei").uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")).build(); return routes.build(); } }
结果：
问题和总结
通过微服务名实现动态路由：
CURL 相当关于postman:
server: port: 9527 spring: application: name: cloud-gateway cloud: gateway: discovery: locator: enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能，利用微服务名进行路由 routes: - id: payment_routh #路由的ID，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名 #uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: lb://cloud-payment-service predicates: - Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 - id: payment_routh2 #uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: lb://cloud-payment-service predicates: - Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 #- After=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #- Cookie=username,zhangshuai #并且Cookie是username=zhangshuai才能访问 #- Header=X-Request-Id, d+ #请求头中要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式 #- Host=**.atguigu.com #- Method=GET #- Query=username, d+ #要有参数名称并且是正整数才能路由 eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: service-url: register-with-eureka: true fetch-registry: true defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
Filter的使用:
自定义过滤器
案例代码：
package com.atguigu.springcloud.filter; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter; import org.springframework.core.Ordered; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; import java.util.Date; @Component //注意 @Slf4j public class MyLogGateWayFilter implements GlobalFilter,Ordered { @Override public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { log.info("*********come in MyLogGateWayFilter: "+new Date()); String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("username"); if(StringUtils.isEmpty(username)){ log.info("*****用户名为Null 非法用户,(┬＿┬)"); exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);//给人家一个回应 return exchange.getResponse().setComplete(); } return chain.filter(exchange); } @Override public int getOrder() { return 0; } }