爬取全部的校园新闻

作业要求：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002

---

0.从新闻url获取点击次数，并整理成函数

• newsUrl
• newsId(re.search())
• clickUrl(str.format())
• requests.get(clickUrl)
• re.search()/.split()
• str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
• int
• 整理成函数
• 获取新闻发布时间及类型转换也整理成函数

#获取点击次数
def click(url):
    newsId=re.search('/(d*).html',url).group(1)
    clickUrl='http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
    resClick=requests.get(clickUrl)
    #将点击次数分隔出来并转化成int类型
    newsClick=int(re.search("hits'[)].html[(]'(d+)'[)]",resClick).groups(1))
    return newsClick
#获取新闻时间
def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate=showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime=showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDT=newsDate+' '+newsTime
    #将时间字符串转为datatime类型
    dt=datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return dt

1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews

#获取新闻信息
def anews(url):
    newsDetail={} # 新建字典
    res=requests.get(url)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    s=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsDetail['newsTitle']=s.select('.show-title')[0].text # 新闻题目
    showinfo=s.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['newsDT']=newsdt(showinfo) # 新闻时间
    newsDetail['newsClick']=click(url) # 点击次数
    return newsDetail

2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist

#获取新闻列表页中的新闻url及描述
def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList=[]
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDest=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict=anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['newsUrl'] = newsUrl #添加新闻url
            newsDict['description']=newsDest #添加新闻描述
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList
listUrl= 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
alist(listUrl)

运行截图：

3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页

#获取新闻第48-第58页的所有新闻        
allnews = []
for i in range(48,58):
    listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))   

4.设置合理的爬取间隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

#设置合理的爬取间隔
for i in range(5):
    time.sleep(random.random()*3)     

5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:duym爬虫gzccnews.csv')

#保存文件
pd.Series(allnews)
newsdf=pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:
ews.csv')

运行截图：

6.完整代码

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from datetime import datetime
import re
import sqlite3
import pandas as pd
import time
import pandas
import random
#获取点击次数
def click(url):
    newsId=re.search('/(d*).html',url).group(1)
    clickUrl='http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
    resClick=requests.get(clickUrl)
    #将点击次数分隔出来并转化成int类型
    newsClick=int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');"))
    return newsClick
#获取新闻时间
def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate=showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime=showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDT=newsDate+' '+newsTime
    #将时间字符串转为datatime类型
    dt=datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return dt
#获取新闻信息
def anews(url):
    newsDetail={} # 新建字典
    res=requests.get(url)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    s=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsDetail['newsTitle']=s.select('.show-title')[0].text # 新闻题目
    showinfo=s.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['newsDT']=newsdt(showinfo) # 新闻时间
    newsDetail['newsClick']=click(url) # 点击次数
    return newsDetail
#获取新闻列表页中的新闻url及描述
def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList=[]
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDest=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict=anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['newsUrl'] = newsUrl #添加新闻url
            newsDict['description']=newsDest #添加新闻描述
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList

listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
alist(listUrl)
res=requests.get(listUrl)
res.encoding='utf-8'
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
for news in soup.select('li'):
    if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
        newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
        
i=int(soup.select('#pages')[0].text.split('..')[1].rstrip(' 下一页 '))
#获取新闻第48-第58页的所有新闻  
allnews=[]
for i in range(48,58):         
    listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)   
    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))   
    
res=requests.get('http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/')
res.encoding='utf-8'
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
for news in soup.select('li'):
    if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
        newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
        
#保存文件
pd.Series(anews)
newsdf=pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:
ews.csv')

#设置合理的爬取间隔
for i in range(5):
    time.sleep(random.random()*3)        
    print(newsdf)