• Spring Cloud Config整合Spring Cloud Kubernetes,在k8s上管理配置


    1 前言

    欢迎访问南瓜慢说 www.pkslow.com获取更多精彩文章!

    Kubernetes有专门的ConfigMapSecret来管理配置,但它也有一些局限性,所以还是希望通过Spring Cloud Config来管理。在Kubernetes上面的微服务系统会有所不同,我们来探索一下如何整合Spring Cloud Kubernetes来做配置管理。

    整体方案与《使用Spring Cloud Config统一管理配置,别再到处放配置文件了》差不多,只是引入Spring Cloud Kubernetes来使用Kubernetes的服务发现,而不使用Eureka等。

    2 服务端

    引入依赖:

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    

    服务端启动类如下:

    package com.pkslow.config;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableConfigServer
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class ConfigServerK8s {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerK8s.class, args);
        }
    }
    

    服务端的application.properties配置如下:

    server.port=8888
    spring.application.name=config-server-k8s
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/pkslow/pkslow-config
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=admin@pkslow.com
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=***
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.default-label=master
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.search-paths=demo
    

    这里的应用名字为config-server-k8s,后续部署到k8s也是用这个名字。

    k8s的资源定义文件如下:

    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      name: config-server-k8s-deployment
    spec:
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: config-server-k8s
      replicas: 1
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: config-server-k8s
        spec:
          containers:
            - name: config-server-k8s
              image: pkslow/config-server-k8s:1.0-SNAPSHOT
              ports:
                - containerPort: 8888
    
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: config-server-k8s
      name: config-server-k8s
    spec:
      ports:
        - port: 8888
          name: config-server-k8s
          protocol: TCP
          targetPort: 8888
      selector:
        app: config-server-k8s
      type: ClusterIP
    ---
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    kind: Ingress
    metadata:
      name: config-server-k8s
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    spec:
      rules:
        - http:
            paths:
              - path: /
                backend:
                  serviceName: config-server-k8s
                  servicePort: 8888
          host: config-server-k8s.localhost
    

    保持Service名字统一为config-server-k8s

    3 客户端

    引入依赖:

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    

    spring-cloud-starter-kubernetes为服务发现;

    spring-cloud-starter-config作为配置客户端;

    spring-boot-starter-actuator提供EndPoint来刷新配置。

    启动类为:

    package com.pkslow.config;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class ConfigClientK8s {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientK8s.class, args);
        }
    }
    

    配置文件bootstrap.properties如下:

    server.port=8080
    
    # 服务名
    spring.application.name=config-client-k8s
    
    # 读取配置时的profile
    spring.profiles.active=dev
    # 读取配置时的代码分支
    spring.cloud.config.label=release
    
    # 开放刷新接口
    management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
    management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
    
    # 通过服务名找到配置服务器
    spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled=true
    spring.cloud.config.discovery.service-id=config-server-k8s
    

    展示配置结果的Web服务:

    package com.pkslow.config;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    @RefreshScope
    @RestController
    public class PkslowController {
        @Value("${pkslow.age:0}")
        private Integer age;
    
        @Value("${pkslow.email:null}")
        private String email;
    
        @Value("${pkslow.webSite:null}")
        private String webSite;
    
        @GetMapping("/pkslow")
        public Map<String, String> getConfig() {
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("age", age.toString());
            map.put("email", email);
            map.put("webSite", webSite);
            return map;
        }
    }
    

    客户端的k8s文件:

    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      name: config-client-k8s-deployment
    spec:
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: config-client-k8s
      replicas: 1
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: config-client-k8s
        spec:
          containers:
            - name: config-client-k8s
              image: pkslow/config-client-k8s:1.0-SNAPSHOT
              ports:
                - containerPort: 8080
    
    ---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: config-client-k8s
      name: config-client-k8s
    spec:
      ports:
        - port: 8080
          name: config-client-k8s
          protocol: TCP
          targetPort: 8080
      selector:
        app: config-client-k8s
      type: ClusterIP
    ---
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    kind: Ingress
    metadata:
      name: config-client-k8s
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    spec:
      rules:
        - http:
            paths:
              - path: /
                backend:
                  serviceName: config-client-k8s
                  servicePort: 8080
          host: config-client-k8s.localhost
    

    注意Service名字为config-client-k8s

    4 部署与测试

    总结一下,服务端主要做了两件事:

    (1)提供配置服务,从Github中读取配置;

    (2)把自己注册到Kubernetes中去,以让客户端发现并读取配置。

    客户端主要做了件事:

    (1)作为配置客户端,从服务端读配置;

    (2)把自己注册到Kubernetes中去,让服务端可以访问;

    (3)提供刷新配置的功能给外界调用。

    根据客户端的名字、配置的labelprofile,客户端便会读取release分支的配置文件config-client-k8s-dev.properties的内部。

    访问http://config-client-k8s.localhost/pkslow结果如下:

    如果修改了配置信息,客户端不能及时生效,需要通过发送POST请求到http://config-client-k8s.localhost/actuator/refresh,这点不再赘述。

    5 服务端统一刷新

    如果改了大量配置,或者基础配置,想让所有客户端生效怎么办?总不能一个个去刷新?而且在客户端有多个Pod需要LoadBalance的情况下,无法确保每个Java应用都能刷新到。

    所以让服务去读取所有相关的客户端,并刷新。实现很简单,直接新增一个RefreshController就可以了:

    package com.pkslow.config;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
    import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
    import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    @RestController
    public class RefreshController {
        @Autowired
        private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
    
        private RestTemplate rest = new RestTemplate();
    
        @GetMapping("/refresh")
        public Map<String, String> refresh() {
    
            Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
            List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices();
            result.put("Basic Info", "Total services in k8s:" + services.size());
    
            services.stream()
                    .filter(s -> (!"config-server-k8s".equals(s)) && s.startsWith("config-client"))
                    .forEach(service -> {
                        List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances(service);
    
                        instances.forEach(instance -> {
                            String url = "http://" + instance.getHost() + ":" + instance.getPort() + "/actuator/refresh";
    
                            try {
                                HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
                                headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
                                HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<>(null, headers);
                                ResponseEntity<String> response = rest.postForEntity(url, entity, String.class);
                                result.put(service + " " + url, response.getStatusCode().getReasonPhrase());
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                result.put(service + " " + url, e.getMessage());
                            }
                        });
                    });
    
            return result;
        }
    }
    

    注意上面的过滤逻辑,因为不是所有Service都可以、都需要refresh,具体逻辑看业务。

    请求http://config-server-k8s.localhost/refresh结果如下(把客户端的replicas设置成了3):

    {
      "config-client-k8s http://10.1.0.126:8080/actuator/refresh": "OK",
      "config-client-k8s http://10.1.0.125:8080/actuator/refresh": "OK",
      "Basic Info": "Total services in k8s:7",
      "config-client-k8s http://10.1.0.122:8080/actuator/refresh": "OK"
    }
    

    注:可能会遇到权限不足的问题,创建一个对应的Kubernetes ServiceAccount即可,不清楚可以参考:把Spring Cloud Data Flow部署在Kubernetes上,再跑个任务试试

    客户端其实不一定需要引入DiscoveryService,如果不通过ServerServiceId来寻找地址,而是直接配置服务端地址spring.cloud.config.uri。但服务端是需要的,因为要获取客户端的信息来实现统一reload

    6 总结

    配置管理其实是一门大学问,把Spring Cloud Config放在Kubernetes上用只是其中一种场景。

    关于配置的一些文章:

    Spring Cloud Config在Spring Cloud Task中的应用,比Web应用更简单

    Spring Cloud Config整合Spring Cloud Kubernetes,在k8s上管理配置

    使用Spring Cloud Config统一管理配置,别再到处放配置文件了

    Java怎么从这四个位置读取配置文件Properties(普通文件系统-classpath-jar-URL)

    注解@ConfigurationProperties让配置整齐而简单

    只想用一篇文章记录@Value的使用,不想再找其它了

    Springboot整合Jasypt,让配置信息安全最优雅方便的方式


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/larrydpk/p/13558004.html
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