作者：朱金灿
来源：http://blog.csdn.net/clever101
继续编写VisualStudio插件。这次我编写的插件叫DevAssist（意思是开发助手）。在看了前面的文章之后你知道了一个VisualStudio插件一般是由两个工程组成的：功能dll和资源dll。首先我们先建一个功能dll——DevAssist，具体过程请参考第一篇：自己动手编写一个VS插件（一）。然后我们再建一个资源dll——DevAssistUI。
编译一下DevAssistUI工程，结果出错：
generalerror c1010070: Failed to load and parse the manifest
上网查了下，发现编译一个空工程会出现这个错误，于是把一个位图资源导入进去再编译就没有这个错误了。再编译DevAssistUI工程，还有错误：
1>------已启动生成: 项目: DevAssistUI, 配置: Debug Win32 ------
1>正在链接...
1>LINK: error LNK2001: 无法解析的外部符号 __DllMainCRTStartup@12
1>E:PIE3_srcoutdir/Debug/1033DevAssistUI.dll: fatal error LNK1120: 1 个无法解析的外部命令
1>生成日志保存在“file://E:PIE3_srcIntdirDebugDevAssistUIBuildLog.htm”
1>DevAssistUI - 2 个错误，0 个警告
========== 生成: 成功 0 个，失败 1 个，最新 0 个，跳过 0 个 ==========
在工程设置里把该工程改为无入口点即可，如下图： 
现在我们开始实现创建一个工具栏并把它显示出来。首先需要在AddIn.rgs中指定资源dll，具体是在HKCU段添加SatelliteDllName和SatelliteDllPath两个变量，具体如下：
HKCU
{
NoRemove 'SOFTWARE'
{
NoRemove 'Microsoft'
{
NoRemove 'VSA'
{
NoRemove '9.0'
{
NoRemove 'AddIns'
{
ForceRemove'DevAssist.Connect'
{
valLoadBehavior = d 1
valCommandLineSafe = d 0
valCommandPreload = d 0
valFriendlyName = s 'DevAssist -开发助手。'
valDescription = s 'DevAssist - 用于辅助开发。'
valAboutBoxDetails = s '有关DevAssist的详细信息，请参见DevAssist 站点 http://blog.csdn.net/clever101 关于客户支持，请致电: 1-800-xxx-xxxx。 版权所有(C) 2013 DreamStudio Inc.'
valAboutBoxIcon = s '%MODULE%,1'
val SatelliteDllName = s 'DevAssistUI.dll'
valSatelliteDllPath = s '%MODULE_PATH%'
}
}
}
}
}
}
NoRemove 'SOFTWARE'
{
NoRemove 'Microsoft'
{
NoRemove 'VisualStudio'
{
NoRemove '9.0'
{
NoRemove 'AddIns'
{
ForceRemove'DevAssist.Connect'
{
valLoadBehavior = d 1
valCommandLineSafe = d 0
valCommandPreload = d 0
valFriendlyName = s 'DevAssist -开发助手。'
valDescription = s 'DevAssist - 用于辅助开发。'
valAboutBoxDetails = s '有关DevAssist的详细信息，请参见DevAssist 站点 http://blog.csdn.net/clever101 关于客户支持，请致电: 1-800-xxx-xxxx。 版权所有(C) 2013 DreamStudio Inc.'
valAboutBoxIcon = s '%MODULE%,1'
val SatelliteDllName = s 'DevAssistUI.dll'
valSatelliteDllPath = s '%MODULE_PATH%'
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
然后开始添加创建工具栏的代码：
// 按钮信息结构体
struct stCommandInfo
{
LPCTSTR m_name; // 按钮名字
LPCTSTR m_strTip; // 按钮提示
BOOL m_hasIcon; // 是否有图标
UINT m_bitmapID; // 对应的位图ID
UINT m_cmdID; // 命令ID
};
HRESULT CConnect::FindToolbarByName( _CommandBars* pCommandBars, LPCWSTR szToolbarName, CommandBar** pOut )
{
if(pCommandBars == NULL || pOut == NULL)
return E_FAIL;
CComVariant varToolbarName(szToolbarName);
int nToolBars = 0;
HRESULT hr = pCommandBars->get_Count(&nToolBars);
for(int idx = 1; idx <= nToolBars; idx++)
{
CComPtr<CommandBar> pCommandBar;
hr = pCommandBars->get_Item(CComVariant(idx), &pCommandBar);
if(FAILED(hr))
continue;
BSTR bsName = NULL;
if(pCommandBar != NULL)
pCommandBar->get_Name(&bsName);
if(CComVariant(bsName) == varToolbarName)
{
*pOut = pCommandBar;
(*pOut)->AddRef();
break;
}
SysFreeString(bsName);
hr = E_FAIL;
}
return hr;
}
// When run, the Add-in wizard prepared the registry for the Add-in.
// At a later time, if the Add-in becomes unavailable for reasons such as:
// 1) You moved this project to a computer other than which is was originally created on.
// 2) You chose 'Yes' when presented with a message asking if you wish to remove the Add-in.
// 3) Registry corruption.
// you will need to re-register the Add-in by building the MyAddin21Setup project
// by right clicking the project in the Solution Explorer, then choosing install.
void UnregisterCommand(CComPtr<EnvDTE::Commands>& pCommands, LPCWSTR commandName)
{
CComPtr<EnvDTE::Command> pCommand;
//
// COMMAND_NAME_FULL must be the module name plus the COMMAND_NAME.
// For this case, the module name can be found at the CvsInVC7.rgs and
// CvsInVC8.rgs files.
//
WCHAR item[256];
wcscpy_s(item, 256, MODULE_NAME);
wcscat_s(item, 256, commandName);
HRESULT hr = pCommands->Item(CComVariant(item), -1, &pCommand);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
pCommand->Delete();
}
}
// CConnect
STDMETHODIMP CConnect::OnConnection(IDispatch *pApplication, ext_ConnectMode ConnectMode, IDispatch *pAddInInst, SAFEARRAY ** /*自定义*/ )
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
pApplication->QueryInterface(__uuidof(DTE2), (LPVOID*)&m_pDTE);
pAddInInst->QueryInterface(__uuidof(EnvDTE::AddIn), (LPVOID*)&m_pAddInInstance);
if(ConnectMode == AddInDesignerObjects::ext_cm_CommandLine)
{
::MessageBox(GetActiveWindow(),_T("CConnect::OnConnection, CommandLine Mode"),_T("DevAssist"),MB_OK);
return S_OK;
}
CComPtr<IDispatch> pDisp;
CComPtr<EnvDTE::Commands> pCommands;
CComPtr<Commands2> pCommands2;
CComQIPtr<_CommandBars> pCommandBars;
CComPtr<CommandBar> pCommandBar;
IfFailGoCheck(m_pDTE->get_Commands(&pCommands), pCommands);
pCommands2 = pCommands;
// Get the set of command bars for the application.
IfFailGoCheck(m_pDTE->get_CommandBars(&pDisp), pDisp);
pCommandBars = pDisp;
// See if the toolbar has been created.
BOOL bRecreateToolbar = FALSE;
hr = FindToolbarByName(pCommandBars, TOOLBAR_NAME, &pCommandBar);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
CComPtr<CommandBarControls> pCommandBarControls;
pCommandBar->get_Controls(&pCommandBarControls);
int count = 0;
pCommandBarControls->get_Count(&count);
if (count == 0)
{
bRecreateToolbar = true;
}
pCommandBar = NULL;
}
else
{
bRecreateToolbar = TRUE;
}
if(ConnectMode == 5 || bRecreateToolbar) //5 == ext_cm_UISetup
{
// See if the CodeLib toolbar has been created.
hr = FindToolbarByName(pCommandBars, TOOLBAR_NAME, &pCommandBar);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
pDisp = NULL;
// The toolbar hasn't been created yet. Add it.
hr = pCommands->AddCommandBar(CComBSTR(TOOLBAR_NAME),
EnvDTE::vsCommandBarTypeToolbar,
NULL,
1,
&pDisp);
// Yes, this code is unnecessary, but it serves to prove that
// the command bar creation actually worked.
hr = FindToolbarByName(pCommandBars, TOOLBAR_NAME, &pCommandBar);
}
int curToolbarPosition = 1;
int nMaxCommand = sizeof(s_commandList)/sizeof(s_commandList[0]);
for(int curCommand = 0; curCommand < nMaxCommand; ++curCommand)
{
CComPtr<EnvDTE::Command> pCreatedCommand;
const stCommandInfo* commandInfo = &s_commandList[curCommand];
UnregisterCommand(pCommands, commandInfo->m_name);
HRESULT hr2 = pCommands2->AddNamedCommand2(m_pAddInInstance,
CComBSTR(commandInfo->m_name),
CComBSTR(commandInfo->m_name),
CComBSTR(commandInfo->m_strTip),
VARIANT_FALSE,
CComVariant(commandInfo->m_bitmapID),
NULL,
(EnvDTE::vsCommandStatusSupported + EnvDTE::vsCommandStatusEnabled),
EnvDTE80::vsCommandStylePict,
EnvDTE80::vsCommandControlTypeButton,
&pCreatedCommand);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr2) && (pCreatedCommand) && commandInfo->m_hasIcon)
{
//Add the control:
pDisp = NULL;
IfFailGoCheck(pCreatedCommand->AddControl(pCommandBar, curToolbarPosition, &pDisp),pDisp);
curToolbarPosition++;
}
}
}
Error:
return hr;
}
编译运行工程，工具栏出来了，但是按钮都是灰的。到网上找了个插件工程参考，发现需要修改CConnect类的基类，具体如下：
//class ATL_NO_VTABLE CConnect : // public CComObjectRootEx<CComSingleThreadModel>, // public CComCoClass<CConnect, &CLSID_Connect>, // public IDispatchImpl<_IDTExtensibility2, &IID__IDTExtensibility2, &LIBID_AddInDesignerObjects, 1, 0> class ATL_NO_VTABLE CConnect : public CComObjectRootEx<CComSingleThreadModel>, public CComCoClass<CConnect, &CLSID_Connect>, public IDispatchImpl<EnvDTE::IDTCommandTarget, &__uuidof(EnvDTE::IDTCommandTarget), &EnvDTE::LIBID_EnvDTE, 8, 0>, public IDispatchImpl<_IDTExtensibility2, &IID__IDTExtensibility2, &LIBID_AddInDesignerObjects, 1, 0>
修改后工具栏按钮都亮了。
遇到的一些问题及解决办法：
a. error+C2872:+“ULONG_PTR”:+不明确的符号
1>Connect.cpp
1>d:programfilesmicrosoft visual studio 9.0vcatlmfcincludecstringt.h(2253) : errorC2872: “ULONG_PTR”: 不明确的符号
1> 可能是“c:program filesmicrosoftsdkswindowsv6.0aincludeasetsd.h(139) : __w64 unsigned long ULONG_PTR”
1> 或 “e:pie3_srcintdirdebugdevassistdte80a.tlh(464) :EnvDTE::ULONG_PTR”
1> d:program filesmicrosoft visual studio9.0vcatlmfcincludecstringt.h(2250): 编译类 模板 成员函数“boolATL::CStringT<BaseType,StringTraits>::CheckImplicitLoad(const void *)”时
1> with
1> [
1> BaseType=wchar_t,
1> StringTraits=ATL::StrTraitATL<wchar_t,ATL::ChTraitsCRT<wchar_t>>
1> ]
1> d:program filesmicrosoft visualstudio 9.0vcatlmfcincludecstringt.h(2686): 参见对正在编译的类 模板 实例化“ATL::CStringT<BaseType,StringTraits>”的引用
1> with
1> [
1> BaseType=wchar_t,
1> StringTraits=ATL::StrTraitATL<wchar_t,ATL::ChTraitsCRT<wchar_t>>
1> ]
1> d:program filesmicrosoft visualstudio 9.0vcatlmfcincludeatlstr.h(1139): 参见对正在编译的类 模板 实例化“ATL::CStringElementTraits<T>”的引用
1> with
1> [
1> T=ATL::CAtlStringW
1> ]
1>正在生成代码...
原因分析：对于ULONG_PTR类型，VS2008的类型库和windowsSDK出现重定义。解决办法是：在导入VS2008的类型库时重命名ULONG_PTR类型(LONG_PTR也有类似问题)，如下：
#import "libid:80cc9f66-e7d8-4ddd-85b6-d9e6cd0e93e2" version("8.0") lcid("0") raw_interfaces_only named_guids rename("ULONG_PTR","ULONG_PTRDTE") rename("LONG_PTR","LONG_PTRDTE")b. 链接器工具错误 LINK : fatal error LNK1168: 无法打开..outdirDebugDevAssist.dll 进行写入。
解决办法：
在VS里的外接程序管理器里把启动去掉，如下图：
然后编译如果还要错误就重启VS，如果还有错误就打开任务管理器，杀死所有explorer.exe,然后新建一个explorer进程。
c.修改工具栏按钮的位图资源或提示，但是工具栏总是不更新。
在工具栏的自定义对话框中将工具栏删掉，如下：
然后重启VS再启动插件即可看到工具栏的更新状态。