so, you have no graphics card, but you still want GUI management / X Windows......
Perhaps you do have a graphics card but want the convenience of using VNC to reach your Fedora machine?
There are some great turotials on getting the basics of VNC set up, but
it always logs you right into the machine as a specific user...I want
to choose my user....VNC + GDM is the answer
VNC + GDM will allow you to fir a vnc viewr at you linux box and have
the GDM appear. This information contained below is a collection of
personal knowledge and information collected from other postings on
some other boards (note: go back and reference some of the
contributors).
This mini-tutorial will not cover off security...so if you are doing
this..make sure it is on your own network, behind a firewall etc. etc.
etc....I hope to come back and add the security pieces in later...just
don't have too much time today.
On with the show......
How it will work
===========
GDM will be running in the background (with no X-Server in this
config). When we start a VNC session, VNC will contact the GDM to
display the "Greeter"...then we log in as we normally do with GDM
locally.
Configure GDM
==========
Sorry to you KDM/XDM folks out there...I will add in KDM ata a later date...it isn't too much different.
GDM presents the graphical greeter. To allow VNC to contact the GDM we
must turn on XDMCP (Security concious peeps should set their firewall
to only allow LOCAL connections for XDMCP - i.e. from the localhost -
because VNC is running on the same linux device) - there is another
option here to change the XServer that GDM can run to be VNC but I have
not explored this option...perhaps later, but for now we'll do it with
XDMCP:
1. Turn on XDMCP
edit /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
find the [xdmcp] section
Change
Enable=false
to
Enable=true
2. (optional) Turn off XWindows (VNC runs it's own XWindows)
edit /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
find the [servers] section
Change
0=Standard
to
#0=Standard
如果不关掉的话，在通过命令行启动VNC服务的时候会冲突。
通过xinetd启动不影响。
Configure VNC
==========
We will have VNC run from xinetd. We will create 2 "services". One for
800x600 and the other for 1024x768...if you want others, you can
extrapolate yourself....800x600 will be available via :0 and 1024x768
as :1 (don't worry yet if you do not understand what I mean by :0 and
:1)
1. Create /etc/services
edit /etc/services
add the following 2 lines:
vnc800 5900/tcp # VNC & GDM
vnc1024 5901/tcp # VNC & GDM
2. create xinetd services
create etc/xinetd.d/vnc800
service vnc800
{
disable = no
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/bin/Xvnc
server_args = -inetd -query localhost -geometry 800x600 -depth 24 -once -fp unix/:7100 -securitytypes=none
}
3. -securitytypes=none means VNC will not ask you to authenticate...we want GDM to do that part...
如果是tightVNC的话，用-gc选项
-broadcast 会查找周围的XDMCP服务器；-query localhost 只用本机的XDCMP服务器。
4. create xinetd services
create etc/xinetd.d/vnc1024
service vnc1024
{
disable = no
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/bin/Xvnc
server_args = -inetd -query localhost -geometry 1024x768 -depth 24 -once -fp unix/:7100 -securitytypes=none
}
TEST IT
=====
1. stop any X Windows
init 3
2. Log into console (text mode)
3. Turn off "vncserver"...we don't want VNC to run except for xinetd
chkconfig --level 2345 vncserver off
4. start GDM
init 5
5. start vncviewer
I tested my connection from Win XP...
for 800x600 -> vncviewer localhost:0
for 1024x768 -> vncviewer localhost:1
上面前4步主要是用来启动XDCMP服务器。
如果是修改xinetd，则通过/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart来生效
SUMMARY
=======
You should now be able to run a headless (no kbd/mouse/video) linux box with a GUI and GDM greeter....
I know this mini-tutorial is a little thin at the moment, but I only
had a few mins to type it up..I will clean it up I promise...if anyone
likes it...I could try and write a mini-howto.....anyway...good luck..
注意：
如果这样做没有效果的话，
1)通过命令行查看VNC是否有效
Xvnc -query localhost -geometry 1024x768 -depth 16 -once -fp unix/:7100 -SecurityTypes=None
这时候，再用vncviewer来连接。
2)查看xinetd是否生效。
修改文件/etc/sysconfig/xinetd
将
EXTRAOPTIONS=""
改为
EXTRAOPTIONS="-filelog /var/adm/xinetd.log"
建立文件夹"/var/adm".
重启xinetd服务，并查看/var/adm/xinetd.log输出，确定原因。