java下载地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
es下载地址 ：https://www.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch
1. 先安装java
1)检查系统中是否已经安装了java：
java -version
2)进一步查看JDK信息：
rpm -qa | grep java
3)卸载openJDK
rpm -e --nodeps tzdata-java-2012c-1.el6.noarch
rpm -e --nodeps java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.45-1.45.1.11.1.el6.x86_64
4)安装JDK
rpm -ivh jdk-7-linux-i586.rpm
JDK默认安装在/usr/java中，使用rpm 的 --prefix参数修改安装目录
5) 查看安装是否正常
java -version
java version "1.7.0_45"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_45-b18)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode, sharing)
6)配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
在文件中加入以下内容：
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_45
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_45/jre
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH
7)是配置生效
source /etc/profile
8)查看PATH
echo $PATH
2. es安装
1) 将es压缩文件移到/opt中
mv elasticsearch-2.1.1.tar.gz /opt cd /opt
2)解压，重命名
tar zxvf elasticsearch-2.1.1.tar.gz
mv elasticsearch-2.1.1 elasticsearch
3)用root用户运行es会报错
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: don't run elasticsearch as root.
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:93)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:144)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:285)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:35)
Refer to the log for complete error details.
4)由于ElasticSearch可以接收用户输入的脚本并且执行，为了系统安全考虑， 建议创建一个单独的用户用来运行ElasticSearch
groupadd elsearch
useradd elsearch -g elsearch -p elasticsearch
5)更改elasticsearch文件夹及内部文件的所属用户及组为elsearch:elsearch
cd /opt
chown -R elsearch:elsearch elasticsearch
6)切换到elsearch用户再启动
su elsearch cd elasticsearch/bin
./elasticsearch
7)启动后打印信息如下
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,152][WARN ][bootstrap ] unable to install syscall filter: seccomp unavailable: CONFIG_SECCOMP not compiled into kernel, CONFIG_SECCOMP and CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER are needed
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,280][INFO ][node ] [Bulldozer] version[2.3.5], pid[9219], build[90f439f/2016-07-27T10:36:52Z]
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,280][INFO ][node ] [Bulldozer] initializing ...
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,832][INFO ][plugins ] [Bulldozer] modules [reindex, lang-expression, lang-groovy], plugins [], sites []
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,847][INFO ][env ] [Bulldozer] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (/dev/sda2)]], net usable_space [8.8gb], net total_space [17.3gb], spins? [possibly], types [ext4]
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,847][INFO ][env ] [Bulldozer] heap size [990.7mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2016-08-31 02:56:08,847][WARN ][env ] [Bulldozer] max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process likely too low, consider increasing to at least [65536]
[2016-08-31 02:56:10,448][INFO ][node ] [Bulldozer] initialized
[2016-08-31 02:56:10,448][INFO ][node ] [Bulldozer] starting ...
[2016-08-31 02:56:10,521][INFO ][transport ] [Bulldozer] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9300}, bound_addresses {[::1]:9300}, {127.0.0.1:9300}
[2016-08-31 02:56:10,525][INFO ][discovery ] [Bulldozer] elasticsearch/2HMN20ynTwO4KDPdGBWFuQ
[2016-08-31 02:56:13,648][INFO ][cluster.service ] [Bulldozer] new_master {Bulldozer}{2HMN20ynTwO4KDPdGBWFuQ}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300}, reason: zen-disco-join(elected_as_master, [0] joins received)
[2016-08-31 02:56:13,678][INFO ][http ] [Bulldozer] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9200}, bound_addresses {[::1]:9200}, {127.0.0.1:9200}
[2016-08-31 02:56:13,678][INFO ][node ] [Bulldozer] started
[2016-08-31 02:56:13,716][INFO ][gateway ] [Bulldozer] recovered [0] indices into cluster_state
8)ElasticSearch后端启动命令
./elasticsearch -d
注：java和es版本自行修改
参考文章：http://my.oschina.net/topeagle/blog/591451?fromerr=mzOr2qzZ
http://www.centoscn.com/image-text/config/2015/0208/4658.html