代码如下,后面的注释是输出的结果
public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(Math.round(0.399));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(0.4));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(0.41));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(0.499));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(0.5));//1 System.out.println(Math.round(0.51));//1 System.out.println(Math.round(0.6));//1 System.out.println("======================"); System.out.println(Math.round(-0.6));//-1 System.out.println(Math.round(-0.51));//-1 System.out.println(Math.round(-0.5));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(-0.499));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(-0.41));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(-0.4));//0 System.out.println(Math.round(-0.399));//0 }
总结,round的进位是向数轴的右方向进位的,而不是按照数的绝对值进行四舍五入的
关于Math对三角函数表示的一些知识点查看https://blog.csdn.net/River_Continent/article/details/80637952
下方把该博文摘录
一、问题
三角函数在Java中是怎么表示的?
二、解答
2.1、Math中的三角函数
首先来看一下,Java中的Math怎么表示30°角的弧度制,这里Math中有一个常量PI,就是π;
我们知道sin30°=0.5;Java中却是近似值:
2.2、保留小数
我们采取近似值,保留2位小数,采用四舍五入进位模式,即
RoundingMode.HALF_UP
,达到了一半就进位;
这里的“一半”是当前进制下,目标所在位权重值的(0.5*进制值)倍,如果是十进制,所在位为个位,那么个位达到了十进制的一半,即5,就向上进1位;
2.3、例子
package Math;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
public class TestMathTadisans {
/**
*@author Taozc
*@2018-6-10 01:02:16
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
//sin30° =0.5;
System.out.println("30度角的正弦值:"+new BigDecimal(Math.sin(Math.PI/6)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)");
//cos60° =0.5;
System.out.println("60度角的余弦值:"+new BigDecimal(Math.cos(Math.PI/3)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)");
//tan45° =1;
System.out.println("45度角的正切:"+new BigDecimal(Math.tan(Math.PI/4)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)");
//正弦值为0.5对应的弧度是π/6≈0.5236,角度是30°;
System.out.println("正弦值为0.5所对应的反正弦值(对应的弧度):"+new BigDecimal(Math.asin(0.5)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)");
//余弦值为0.5对应的弧度是π/3≈1.047,角度是60°;
System.out.println("余弦值为0.5所对应的反余弦值(对应的弧度):"+new BigDecimal(Math.acos(0.5)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)");
//正弦值为0.5的弧度是π/4≈0.5236,角度是45°;
System.out.println("正切值为1所对应的反正切值(对应的弧度):"+new BigDecimal(Math.atan(1)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP)+"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)");
//正弦值为0.5对应的弧度是π/6≈0.5236,角度是30°;
System.out.println("正弦值为0.5所对应的反正弦值(对应的角度):"+Math.toDegrees(Math.asin(0.5)));
//余弦值为0.5对应的弧度是π/3≈1.047,角度是60°;
System.out.println("余弦值为0.5所对应的反余弦值(对应的角度):"+Math.toDegrees(Math.acos(0.5)));
//正弦值为0.5的弧度是π/4≈0.5236,角度是45°;
System.out.println("正切值为1所对应的反正切值(对应的角度):"+Math.toDegrees(Math.atan(1)));
System.out.println("将60度角转化为弧度:"+new BigDecimal(Math.toRadians(60)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP));
System.out.println("将“六分之一π”弧度转化为角度"+new BigDecimal(Math.toDegrees(Math.PI/6)).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP));
}
}
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
2.4截图:
三、反思
这里还有一个不好的地方,就是弧度制转角度的时候,是近似值,但是实际应该是整数;比如30°对应的是六分之一π,但是上面打印出来的值是30.000000000000004,这是为什么呢,这是由于π是无限不循环小数,π除以6,还是一个无限不循环小数,怎么等于30这个值呢?其实,这里应该好好理解下30°,这里别忘了,我们还有一个单位:度,度是什么?度是一个圆,我们切成360份,一份叫一度,30°就是:30×(圆÷360),这里的“度”就是“圆÷360”,我们把汉字“圆”用2π来代替,就变成了“2π÷360”,即“π÷180”,这个就是“°”的本质,她最精确的值(无限不循环);计算机精确度有限,让它表示一个无限不循环小数,她只能近似表达;
<article class="baidu_pl"> <div id="article_content" class="article_content clearfix"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/phoenix/template/css/ck_htmledit_views-963e387caa.css"> <div id="content_views" class="markdown_views"> <!-- flowchart 箭头图标 勿删 --> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;"> <path stroke-linecap="round" d="M5,0 0,2.5 5,5z" id="raphael-marker-block" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></path> </svg> <h1 id="一问题"><a name="t0"></a><a name="t0"></a>一、问题</h1>
<p>三角函数在Java中是怎么表示的?</p>
<h1 id="二解答"><a name="t1"></a><a name="t1"></a>二、解答</h1>
<h2 id="21math中的三角函数"><a name="t2"></a><a name="t2"></a>2.1、Math中的三角函数</h2>
<p>首先来看一下,Java中的Math怎么表示30°角的弧度制,这里Math中有一个常量PI,就是π; <br>我们知道sin30°=0.5;Java中却是近似值: <br><img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180610010641172?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1JpdmVyX0NvbnRpbmVudA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70" alt="这里写图片描述" title=""></p>
<h2 id="22保留小数"><a name="t3"></a><a name="t3"></a>2.2、保留小数</h2>
<p>我们采取近似值,保留2位小数,采用四舍五入进位模式,即</p>
<blockquote> <p>RoundingMode.HALF_UP</p></blockquote>
<p>,达到了一半就进位; <br>这里的“一半”是当前进制下,目标所在位权重值的(0.5*进制值)倍,如果是十进制,所在位为个位,那么个位达到了十进制的一半,即5,就向上进1位; <br><img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180610010908873?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1JpdmVyX0NvbnRpbmVudA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70" alt="这里写图片描述" title=""></p>
<h2 id="23例子"><a name="t4"></a><a name="t4"></a>2.3、例子</h2>
<pre class="prettyprint" name="code"><code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" onclick="mdcp.copyCode(event)" style="position: unset;">package Math<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
import java<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.math</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.BigDecimal</span><span class="hljs-comment">;</span>import java<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.math</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.RoundingMode</span><span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
public class TestMathTadisans { <span class="hljs-comment">/** *@author Taozc *@2018-6-10 01:02:16 */</span> public static void main(String[] args) { //sin30° =<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"30度角的正弦值:"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.sin</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.PI</span>/<span class="hljs-number">6</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP)+<span class="hljs-string">"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> //cos60° =<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"60度角的余弦值:"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.cos</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.PI</span>/<span class="hljs-number">3</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP)+<span class="hljs-string">"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> //tan45° =<span class="hljs-number">1</span>; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"45度角的正切:"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.tan</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.PI</span>/<span class="hljs-number">4</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP)+<span class="hljs-string">"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
//正弦值为<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>对应的弧度是π/<span class="hljs-number">6</span>≈<span class="hljs-number">0.5236</span>,角度是<span class="hljs-number">30</span>°; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"正弦值为0.5所对应的反正弦值(对应的弧度):"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.asin</span>(<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP)+<span class="hljs-string">"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> //余弦值为<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>对应的弧度是π/<span class="hljs-number">3</span>≈<span class="hljs-number">1.047</span>,角度是<span class="hljs-number">60</span>°; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"余弦值为0.5所对应的反余弦值(对应的弧度):"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.acos</span>(<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP)+<span class="hljs-string">"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> //正弦值为<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>的弧度是π/<span class="hljs-number">4</span>≈<span class="hljs-number">0.5236</span>,角度是<span class="hljs-number">45</span>°; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"正切值为1所对应的反正切值(对应的弧度):"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.atan</span>(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP)+<span class="hljs-string">"(保留2为小数,四舍五入)"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
//正弦值为<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>对应的弧度是π/<span class="hljs-number">6</span>≈<span class="hljs-number">0.5236</span>,角度是<span class="hljs-number">30</span>°; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"正弦值为0.5所对应的反正弦值(对应的角度):"</span>+Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toDegrees</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.asin</span>(<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>)))<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> //余弦值为<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>对应的弧度是π/<span class="hljs-number">3</span>≈<span class="hljs-number">1.047</span>,角度是<span class="hljs-number">60</span>°; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"余弦值为0.5所对应的反余弦值(对应的角度):"</span>+Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toDegrees</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.acos</span>(<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>)))<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> //正弦值为<span class="hljs-number">0.5</span>的弧度是π/<span class="hljs-number">4</span>≈<span class="hljs-number">0.5236</span>,角度是<span class="hljs-number">45</span>°; System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"正切值为1所对应的反正切值(对应的角度):"</span>+Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toDegrees</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.atan</span>(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>)))<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"将60度角转化为弧度:"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toRadians</span>(<span class="hljs-number">60</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP))<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"将“六分之一π”弧度转化为角度"</span>+new BigDecimal(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toDegrees</span>(Math<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.PI</span>/<span class="hljs-number">6</span>))<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setScale</span>(<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, RoundingMode<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.HALF</span>_UP))<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> }}<div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style=""><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">1</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">2</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">3</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">4</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">5</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">6</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">7</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">8</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">9</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">10</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">11</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">12</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">13</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">14</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">15</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">16</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">17</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">18</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">19</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">20</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">21</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">22</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">23</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">24</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">25</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">26</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">27</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">28</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">29</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">30</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">31</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">32</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">33</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">34</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">35</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">36</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">37</li></ul></pre>
<h2 id="24截图"><a name="t5"></a><a name="t5"></a>2.4截图:</h2>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180610011759810?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1JpdmVyX0NvbnRpbmVudA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70" alt="这里写图片描述" title=""></p>
<h1 id="三反思"><a name="t6"></a><a name="t6"></a>三、反思</h1>
<p>这里还有一个不好的地方,就是弧度制转角度的时候,是近似值,但是实际应该是整数;比如30°对应的是六分之一π,但是上面打印出来的值是30.000000000000004,这是为什么呢,这是由于π是无限不循环小数,π除以6,还是一个无限不循环小数,怎么等于30这个值呢?其实,这里应该好好理解下30°,这里别忘了,我们还有一个单位:度,度是什么?度是一个圆,我们切成360份,一份叫一度,30°就是:30×(圆÷360),这里的“度”就是“圆÷360”,我们把汉字“圆”用2π来代替,就变成了“2π÷360”,即“π÷180”,这个就是“°”的本质,她最精确的值(无限不循环);计算机精确度有限,让它表示一个无限不循环小数,她只能近似表达;</p> </div><div><div></div></div> <link href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/phoenix/mdeditor/markdown_views-ff98e99283.css" rel="stylesheet"> </div> </article>