• Oracle 11g ADRCI工具使用


    Oracle 11g ADRCI工具使用

     

    Oracle中,各个组件(监听器、数据库实例、各种配置工具)在安装和运行时都会有相应的日志Log和跟踪文件Trace生成。Oracle 11g之前,这些信息都是零散的分布在Oracle组件目录中的。在11gOracle推出了ADRAutomatic Diagnostic Repository)的概念,将这些信息统一的列入到其中管理。

     

    1ADRCI初探

     

    11g中,提供了ADR_HOME目录,其中集中保存各类型的日志和跟踪信息。

     

     

    [oracle@bspdev app]$ ls -l

    total 24

    drwxrwxr-x.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar 25  2011 11.2.0

    drwxr-x---.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr  1  2011 admin

    drwxr-x---.  5 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr  1  2011 cfgtoollogs

    drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar 31  2011 checkpoints

    drwxrwxr-x.  6 oracle asmadmin 4096 Apr  1  2011 diag

    drwxrwxr-x. 76 oracle oinstall 4096 Feb 23 09:34 oracle

     

    [oracle@bspdev diag]$ ls

    asm  asmtool  rdbms  tnslsnr

    [oracle@bspdev diag]$ cd rdbms

    [oracle@bspdev rdbms]$ ls

    ora11g

    [oracle@bspdev rdbms]$ cd ora11g

    [oracle@bspdev ora11g]$ ls

    i_1.mif  ora11g

    [oracle@bspdev ora11g]$ cd ora11g

    [oracle@bspdev ora11g]$ ls

    alert  cdump  hm  incident  incpkg  ir  lck  metadata  stage  sweep  trace

     

     

    $ORACLE_BASE目录下,存在diag文件夹,里面保存如asmasmtoolrdbmsTNS listener等重要组件的日志信息。针对每一个组件,又按照告警文件、跟踪文件和dump等分类进行组织。

     

    Diag目录实际上就形成了一个输出日志信息资料库,所有的诊断信息和日志信息都在该目录中进行分类保存。此外,Oracle推出了ADRCI工具,可以统一的使用接口命令检查日志和管理诊断信息。

     

     

    ora11g:/home/ora11g>adrci

     

    ADRCI: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 21 13:56:53 2012

     

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

     

    ADR base = "/nbsdu01/app/oracle"

    adrci>

     

     

    通过命令行adrci,我们可以在统一的命令行中进行诊断信息管理。

     

     

    adrci> help

     

     HELP [topic]

       Available Topics:

            CREATE REPORT

            ECHO

            EXIT

            HELP

            HOST

            IPS

            PURGE

            RUN

            SET BASE

            SET BROWSER

            SET CONTROL

            SET ECHO

            SET EDITOR

            SET HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH

            SET TERMOUT

            SHOW ALERT

            SHOW BASE

            SHOW CONTROL

            SHOW HM_RUN

            SHOW HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH

            SHOW INCDIR

            SHOW INCIDENT

            SHOW PROBLEM

            SHOW REPORT

            SHOW TRACEFILE

            SPOOL

     

     There are other commands intended to be used directly by Oracle, type

     "HELP EXTENDED" to see the list

     

     

    2、查看日志信息

     

    在使用adrci的过程中,要注意当前homepath的问题。每个Oracle组件,都存在一个诊断信息目录。

     

     

    ADR base = "/nbstu01/app/oracle"

    adrci> show homepath

    ADR Homes:

    diag/rdbms/nbstest/NBSTEST

    diag/tnslsnr/P550_05_LC/listener

     

     

    要注意,如果要进入具体的那个组件查看日志信息和诊断信息,首先需要设置homepath到一个组件目录里面。上面的两个ADR home中,是Oracle数据库和监听器两个组件。如果我们要查看数据库日志,需要如下的配置。

     

     

    adrci> set homepath diag/rdbms/nbstest/NBSTEST

     

    adrci> show alert -TAIL 10

    2012-05-21 15:37:59.861000 +08:00

    Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 2319

    Private strand flush not complete

      Current log# 2 seq# 2318 mem# 0: /nbstdata01/oradata/NBSTEST/redo02a.log

      Current log# 2 seq# 2318 mem# 1: /nbstdata02/oradata/NBSTEST/redo02b.log

    2012-05-21 15:38:02.931000 +08:00

    Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2319 (LGWR switch)

      Current log# 1 seq# 2319 mem# 0: /nbstdata01/oradata/NBSTEST/redo01a.log

      Current log# 1 seq# 2319 mem# 1: /nbstdata02/oradata/NBSTEST/redo01b.log

    2012-05-21 15:49:34.382000 +08:00

    Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 2320

    Private strand flush not complete

      Current log# 1 seq# 2319 mem# 0: /nbstdata01/oradata/NBSTEST/redo01a.log

      Current log# 1 seq# 2319 mem# 1: /nbstdata02/oradata/NBSTEST/redo01b.log

    2012-05-21 15:49:37.420000 +08:00

    Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2320 (LGWR switch)

      Current log# 3 seq# 2320 mem# 0: /nbstdata01/oradata/NBSTEST/redo03a.log

      Current log# 3 seq# 2320 mem# 1: /nbstdata02/oradata/NBSTEST/redo03b.log

    2012-05-21 16:03:48.579000 +08:00

    Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 2321

    Private strand flush not complete

      Current log# 3 seq# 2320 mem# 0: /nbstdata01/oradata/NBSTEST/redo03a.log

      Current log# 3 seq# 2320 mem# 1: /nbstdata02/oradata/NBSTEST/redo03b.log

    2012-05-21 16:03:51.656000 +08:00

    Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2321 (LGWR switch)

      Current log# 2 seq# 2321 mem# 0: /nbstdata01/oradata/NBSTEST/redo02a.log

      Current log# 2 seq# 2321 mem# 1: /nbstdata02/oradata/NBSTEST/redo02b.log

     

     

    上面命令show alert显示的内容是数据库组件日志alert信息。注意,此处我们也可以使用tail –n 命令,但是后面的数字表示的是日志的条目数,而不是记录行数!

     

    3、查看incidentproblem信息

     

    在很多时候,数据库组件生成的错误事件信息,都是以诊断信息的形式产生出来。利用ADRCI,可以方便的对这些信息进行查看。

     

     

    adrci> show incident

     

    ADR Home = /nbstu01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/nbstest/NBSTEST:

    *************************************************************************

    INCIDENT_ID          PROBLEM_KEY                                                 CREATE_TIME                             

    -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------

    41385                ORA 445                                                     2011-07-03 00:47:52.612000 +08:00      

    73745                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 09:23:38.004000 +08:00      

    74145                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 10:45:20.543000 +08:00      

    74225                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 10:52:21.273000 +08:00      

    74217                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 10:58:45.016000 +08:00      

    73753                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 11:09:32.727000 +08:00      

    74073                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 12:52:20.201000 +08:00      

    74089                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 12:55:07.228000 +08:00      

    74074                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 12:59:46.138000 +08:00      

    74075                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 13:00:38.048000 +08:00      

    74457                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 13:02:44.184000 +08:00       

    73841                ORA 3137 [12333]                                            2011-09-08 14:39:46.547000 +08:00      

    153367               ORA 445                                                     2012-03-02 19:01:31.854000 +08:00      

    153368               ORA 445                                                     2012-03-02 23:14:56.008000 +08:00      

    14 rows fetched

     

    adrci>

     

    adrci> show problem

     

    ADR Home = /nbstu01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/nbstest/NBSTEST:

    *************************************************************************

    PROBLEM_ID           PROBLEM_KEY                                                 LAST_INCIDENT        LASTINC_TIME                            

    -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------

    1                    ORA 445                                                     153368               2012-03-02 23:14:56.008000 +08:00      

    2                    ORA 3137 [12333]                                            73841                2011-09-08 14:39:46.547000 +08:00      

    2 rows fetched

     

     

    4、生成诊断package

     

    对于一些incident,我们是无法进行诊断处理的,需要协同Oracle Support进行检查调试。这个时候,我们可以利用ADRCI工具将错误incident打包成package发送给Oracle客户服务人员。

     

    打包package的步骤分为logical packagephysical package两个大步骤。具体如下:

     

    --对事件74073创建逻辑包

    adrci> ips create package incident 74073

    Created package 1 based on incident id 74073, correlation level typical

     

    --同时将153368事件也加入到package 1中;

    adrci> ips add incident 153368 package 1

    Added incident 153368 to package 1

     

     

    最后,将Logical Package输出为Physical Package

     

     

    adrci> host

    $ pwd

    /home/oracle

     

    $ exit

    adrci> ips generate package 1 in /home/oracle

    Generated package 1 in file /home/oracle/ORA313712_20120521160458_COM_1.zip, mode complete

     

    oracle:/home/oracle>ls -l | grep ORA

    -rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba         3072148 May 21 16:08 ORA313712_20120521160458_COM_1.zip

     

     

    我们就可以直接将给zip包发送出去,作为诊断材料。

     

    5purge命令

     

    诊断跟踪信息是一个单项积累的过程。当诊断信息和日志信息过多的时候,就可能会给系统一些负面影响。比较方便的做法是周期性的进行检查,将不需要的诊断信息删除。

     

    在没有adrci的时候,我们不得不分别到所有的目录里面进行清理。但是借助adrcipurge命令和control配置,可以方便的进行整理。

     

     

    Purge命令自身带有三个操作模式,进入一个特定ADR目录后,可以删除特定incident、特定时间范围和诊断文件类型。语法结构如下:

     

     

    purge [[-i {id | start_id end_id}] | [-age mins [-type      {ALERT|INCIDENT|TRACE|CDUMP|HM}]]]

     

     [[-i {id1 | start_id end_id}]

     Purges either a specific incident ID (id) or a range of incident IDs (start_id and end_id)

     

    [-age mins]

     Purges only data older than mins minutes.

     

    [-type    {ALERT|INCIDENT|TRACE|CDUMP|HM}]

     Specifies the type of diagnostic data to purge (alert log messages, incident data, trace files (including dumps), core files, or Health Monitor run data and reports).

     

     

    如删除20分钟前的所有信息。

     

     

    adrci> purge -age 20         

    adrci>

     

    adrci> purge -age 20         

    adrci> show tracefile

         diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/tautltest.txt

         diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/alert_ora11g.log

         diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/squtltest.txt

         diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/tasqdirset.txt

     

     

    除了手工进行删除外,Oracle ADR还提供了删除策略,通过control进行配置。

     

     

    adrci> show homepath

    ADR Homes:

    diag/asm/user_oracle/host_1437849207_76

    diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g

    diag/asmtool/user_root/host_1437849207_76

    diag/asmtool/user_oracle/host_1437849207_76

    diag/tnslsnr/bspdev/listener

    diag/tnslsnr/bspdev/listener_ora11g

    adrci> set homepath diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g

    adrci> show home

    ADR Homes:

    diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g

    adrci> show control

     

    ADR Home = /u01/app/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g:

    *************************************************************************

    ADRID                SHORTP_POLICY        LONGP_POLICY         LAST_MOD_TIME                            LAST_AUTOPRG_TIME                        LAST_MANUPRG_TIME                        ADRDIR_VERSION       ADRSCHM_VERSION      ADRSCHMV_SUMMARY     ADRALERT_VERSION     CREATE_TIME                             

    -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------

    799124850            720                  8760                 2011-04-01 10:13:25.436450 -04:00        2012-05-15 20:08:26.781034 -04:00                                                 1                    2                    76                   1                    2011-04-01 10:13:25.436450 -04:00      

    1 rows fetched

     

     

    6、结论

     

    Oracle 11g中,一些小工具的推出帮助我们方便解决一些繁琐的工作。使用ADRCI,可以让我们的诊断过程更加方便。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kevinX/p/5458056.html
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