ubuntu安装

1.镜像选择

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/   历史发行版
http://releases.ubuntu.com/                最新发行版

ubuntu官网上下的镜像iso文件，用vmware装载，因为下载的是简易安装版所以只需设置用户名密码，就完成了安装。网络选择nat映射。

2.更新源

源配置文件是 /etc/apt/sources.list

$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

将原源注释，换上新源，选择清华源

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

然后更新

$ sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y &&  sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y

$ sudo apt-get install/delete package
$ sudo apt-get -f install                                   #修复安装
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade                                 #升级系统
$ sudo apt-get update　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　        #更新包索引文件
$ sudo apt-get upgrade                                      #更新已安装的包
$ sudo apt-get source package                               #下载该包的源代码
$ sudo apt-get build-dep package                            #安装相关的编译环境
$ sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean              #清理无用的包

3.内核替换

先查看当前内核版本 

# uname-sr 

然后访问https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/下载最新版deb包，当前最新为v4.20，rc为候选发布版

下载不包含lowlatency的包，并且dpkg安装

wget linux-headers-4.20.0-042000_4.20.0-042000.201812232030_all.deb
wget linux-headers-4.20.0-042000-generic_4.20.0-042000.201812232030_amd64.deb
wget linux-image-unsigned-4.20.0-042000-generic_4.20.0-042000.201812232030_amd64.deb
wget linux-modules-4.20.0-042000-generic_4.20.0-042000.201812232030_amd64.deb
dpkg -i *.deb