• 案例：ADG环境遇到redo日志member路径有误以及RMAN-6571错误

    最近先后帮客户做了两套从虚拟化环境到物理机的数据库迁移，都是Linux系统，Oracle 11.2.0.4的RAC，最终选定ADG方案实现迁移，简单高效。
    在之前的文章Oracle 11g ADG 部署(duplicate)快速参考中，已经详细介绍了搭建步骤。但本次环境准备时还是遇到些小问题，本文记录下解决过程。

    问题1:备库Redo的一个member路径有误

    按流程做完发现备库在open后，Redo的一个member路径有误，都是+FRA磁盘组： 
    SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
-----------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_1.383.1050758359
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_2.384.1050758359
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_3.385.1050758359
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_4.386.1050758359
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_5.397.1050758359
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_6.398.1050758361

MEMBER
-----------------------------------------------------------
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_7.399.1050758361
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_8.400.1050758361
+FRA
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_101.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_102.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_103.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_104.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_105.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_201.log

MEMBER
----------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_202.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_203.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_204.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_205.log

26 rows selected.

    这样的路径不全，也无法使用常规命令删除掉。
    首先想到的是查convert参数是否配置有误：

    --convert:
SQL> show parameter convert

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string      jingyu, jingyus
log_file_name_convert                string      +fra/jingyu, +arch/jingyus, jingyu,
                                                 jingyus

    确认符合实际要求，没有问题。

    检查db_recovery相关参数：

    SQL> show parameter db_recovery

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      +FRA
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 90G

    果然是这里有问题，新环境应该是+ARCH磁盘组，而且客户这里的新规范是不配置此参数，这里将参数去掉，重启实例生效：

    SQL> alter system reset db_recovery_file_dest_size;

System altered.

SQL> alter system reset db_recovery_file_dest;

System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate 
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 7.4826E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  2261048 bytes
Variable Size            1.3959E+10 bytes
Database Buffers         6.0666E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers              199049216 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> show parameter db_recover
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 0
SQL>

    问题2:switch database to copy报错RMAN-6571

    上面改完之后，已经有问题的member并不会自己修复，需要去主库生成适用于备库的控制文件，在备库进行恢复： 
    --standby controlfile
primary:
RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/tmp/std_ctl.bak';

scp to standby.

standby:
shutdown immediate
startup nomount
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/tmp/std_ctl.bak';
alter database mount;

    此时数据文件的名字因为OMF并不一样，convert转换的只有jingyu->jingyus，下面是示例：

    selct name from v$datafile;
select member from v$Logfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jingyu/datafile/dmb_ts.381.1046616217
+DATA/jingyu/datafile/dmb_ts.383.1047808801
+DATA/jingyu/datafile/dmo_ts.384.1048122001
+DATA/jingyu/datafile/dmb_ts.385.1048755601
+DATA/jingyu/datafile/dmb_ts.386.1049724001
+DATA/jingyu/datafile/rpm.387.1049986803

116 rows selected.

--由于配置了db_file_name_convert 参数：
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string      jingyu, jingyus
                                                             
--会按上面设置的规则转换：
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.381.1046616217
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.383.1047808801
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmo_ts.384.1048122001
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.385.1048755601
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.386.1049724001
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/rpm.387.1049986803

116 rows selected.

    但实际上我们同步过来的数据文件是这样：

    +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.342.1050704211
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.363.1050706625
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmo_ts.364.1050706641
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.365.1050706649
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts.366.1050706655
+DATA/jingyus/datafile/rpm.367.1050706663

116 rows selected.

    最直接的方式是通过数据库的rename file 命令进行一一更正，但是比较麻烦，有一个通用的技巧就是将这些真实的文件catalog到rman中，将以copy的方式识别，然后直接switch到copy，就实现了更名的目的，且不容易出错：

    catalog start with '+DATA/jingyus/datafile';
switch database to copy;

    结果10号文件报错RMAN-6571，跳过10号文件，也是其他文件接连报错，看oerr的解释：

    $ oerr rman 6571
6571, 1, "datafile %d does not have recoverable copy"
// *Cause: The SWITCH command with the option TO COPY was specified but
//         the datafile has no valid copy to switch to.
// *Action: Verify whether the datafile has a valid datafile copy.

    顺手还去查了MOS文档

    • OERR: RMAN-6571 "datafile %d does not have recoverable copy" Reference Note (Doc ID 291493.1)

    也没找到有效的解决方案。后来走了些弯路，又尝试做了一次备库控制文件的创建，效果依旧。
    此时想到不如查下文件头，看看到底差异在哪，结果发现文件10-20都是别名的方式，根本不需要去switch：

    SQL> select file#, name, checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

                         FILE# NAME                                                                           CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------
                             1                                                                                                 0
                             2                                                                                                 0
                             3                                                                                                 0
                             4                                                                                                 0
                             5                                                                                                 0
                             6                                                                                                 0
                             7                                                                                                 0
                             8                                                                                                 0
                             9                                                                                                 0
                            10 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts01.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            11 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts02.dbf                                                     98520735063

                         FILE# NAME                                                                           CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------
                            12 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts03.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            13 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmb_ts04.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            14 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmo_ts01.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            15 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmo_ts02.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            16 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dmo_ts03.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            17 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/etl_ts01.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            18 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/rpm01.dbf                                                        98520735063
                            19 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/use01.dbf                                                        98520735063
                            20 +DATA/jingyus/datafile/dms_ts01.dbf                                                     98520735063
                            21                                                                                                 0
                            22                                                                                                 0
...省略后面无问题的显示。

    再次验证下问题文件数，就是有这11个：

    SQL> select checkpoint_change#, count(*) from v$datafile_Header group by checkpoint_change#;

            CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#                       COUNT(*)
------------------------------ ------------------------------
                             0                            105
                   98520757598                             11

    确认后，就只需要将需要switch的文件列出来：

    switch datafile 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101 to copy;

    再次查询：

    SQL> set num 30
SQL> select checkpoint_change#, count(*) from v$datafile_Header group by checkpoint_change#;

            CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#                       COUNT(*)
------------------------------ ------------------------------
                   98520757598                            116

    此时开库，名字也都是OK：

    SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>  select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
---------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_1.257.950284165
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_1.257.950284167
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_2.258.950284167
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_2.258.950284169
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_3.265.950286045
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_3.259.950286047
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_4.266.950286047
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_4.260.950286049
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_5.286.959014699
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_5.266.959014703
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_6.287.959014717

MEMBER
---------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_6.273.959014719
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_7.288.959014729
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_7.277.959014731
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_8.289.959014753
+ARCH/jingyus/onlinelog/group_8.269.959014755
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_101.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_102.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_103.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_104.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_105.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_201.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_202.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_203.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_204.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_205.log

26 rows selected.

    然后启动备库的mrp时，会自动删除+ARCH 下的路径，这个应该就是因为我们前面去掉了db_recover的相关设置：

    --recover ,+ARCH auto deleted..

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_1.397.1050759359
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_2.398.1050759359
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_3.399.1050759359
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_4.400.1050759361
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_5.401.1050759361
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_6.402.1050759361
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_7.403.1050759361
+DATA/jingyus/onlinelog/group_8.404.1050759363
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_101.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_102.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_103.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_104.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_105.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_201.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_202.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_203.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_204.log
+DATA/jingyus/standbylog/standby_group_205.log

18 rows selected.

    至此，遇到的问题就都解决了。松一口气，等待晚上配合切换即可。
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/13651954.html
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