RSA加密解密在jsencrypt+c#的实现-博客园加密登录

前几天发现博客园登录时，对登录的数据进行了加密，在我这种菜鸟看来算是高大上的功能了，于是决定研究一下。

后来发现其实园子里或者网上有类似文章，但好像都是php写的demo,并没有c#的示例，所以在收集了各位大牛的文章后，进行加工，形成了今天的demo，所以严格意义上来说此文并非原创。在这里要感谢@趴在巨人肩上的矮子 @dudu

首先科普一下相关技术：

Openssl
OpenSSL 是一个强大的安全套接字层密码库，囊括主要的密码算法、常用的密钥和证书封装管理功能及SSL协议，并提供丰富的应用程序供测试或其它目的使用。

SSL是Secure Sockets Layer（安全套接层协议）的缩写，可以在Internet上提供秘密性传输。Netscape公司在推出第一个Web浏览器的同时，提出了SSL协议标准。其目标是保证两个应用间通信的保密性和可靠性,可在服务器端和用户端同时实现支持。已经成为Internet上保密通讯的工业标准。
SSL能使用户/服务器应用之间的通信不被攻击者窃听，并且始终对服务器进行认证，还可选择对用户进行认证。SSL协议要求建立在可靠的传输层协议(TCP)之上。SSL协议的优势在于它是与应用层协议独立无关的，高层的应用层协议(例如：HTTP，FTP，TELNET等)能透明地建立于SSL协议之上。SSL协议在应用层协议通信之前就已经完成加密算法、通信密钥的协商及服务器认证工作。在此之后应用层协议所传送的数据都会被加密，从而保证通信的私密性。

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RSA算法

RSA算法是第一个既能用于数据加密也能用于数字签名的算法。它易于理解和操作，也很流行。它的安全性是基于大整数素因子分解的困难性，而大整数因子分解问题是数学上的著名难题，至今没有有效的方法予以解决，因此可以确保RSA算法的安全性。

RSA算法实现主要分为三部分：包括公钥和私钥的产生，非对称加密和解密，数字签名和验证，下面将逐个介绍RSA算法的工作原理及我的实现方法。

1.公钥和私钥的产生

随意选择两个大素数p、q，p不等于q，计算n = p * q。

随机选择一个整数e，满足e和( p –1 ) * ( q –1 )互质。(注：e很容易选择，如3, 17, 65537等都可以。.NET Framework中e默认选择的就是65537)

利用Euclid算法计算解密密钥d,满足

e * d ≡1 ( mod ( p - 1 ) * ( q - 1 ) )

其中n和d也要互质。

其中e和n就是公钥，d和n就是私钥。P、q销毁。

jsencrypt官网：http://travistidwell.com/jsencrypt/

在线生成非对称加密公钥私钥对：http://web.chacuo.net/netrsakeypair

做非对称加密时候，经常要生成密钥对，公钥私钥。一般常用openssl命令行生成，每次操作比较复杂，提供在线工具可以选定生成私钥位数以及私钥密码，可以直接在线生成非对称加密密钥对。本工具提供pkcs#1格式公私钥对，还有pkcs#8公私钥对。早期openssl1.0之前版本，一般提供是pkcs#1格式，有很多软件只支持pkcs#1格式（js rsa模块)，那么你可以选择生成该种类型。现在一般流行是pkcs#8格式。详细可以上网找找，pkcs#1与pkcs#8区别。

以下是代码实现部分：

 1 <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.WebForm1" %>
 2 
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 
 5 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
 6 <head runat="server">
 7     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
 8     <title></title>
 9     <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
10     <script src="http://passport.cnblogs.com/scripts/jsencrypt.min.js"></script>
11     <script type="text/javascript">
12         // 使用jsencrypt类库加密js方法，
13         function encryptRequest(reqUrl, data, publicKey) {
14             var encrypt = new JSEncrypt();
15             encrypt.setPublicKey(publicKey);
16             // ajax请求发送的数据对象
17             var sendData = new Object();
18             // 将data数组赋给ajax对象
19             for (var key in data) {
20                 sendData[key] = encrypt.encrypt(data[key]);
21             }
22 
23             $.ajax({
24                 url: reqUrl,
25                 type: 'post',
26                 data: sendData,
27                 dataType: 'json',
28                 //contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
29                 success: function (data) {
30                     console.info(data);
31                 },
32                 error: function (xhr) {
33                     //console.error('出错了');
34                 }
35             });
36 
37         }
38 
39         // Call this code when the page is done loading.
40         $(function () {
41 
42             $('#testme').click(function () {
43 
44                 var data = [];
45                 data['username'] = $('#username').val();
46                 data['passwd'] = $('#passwd').val();
47 
48                 var pkey = $('#pubkey').val();
49                 encryptRequest('/WebForm2.aspx', data, pkey);
50             });
51         });
52     </script>
53 </head>
54 <body>
55     <form id="form1" runat="server">
56         <div>
57             <label for="pubkey">Public Key</label><br />
58             <textarea id="pubkey" rows="15" cols="65">
59 MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCC0hrRIjb3noDWNtbDpANbjt5I
60 wu2NFeDwU16Ec87ToqeoIm2KI+cOs81JP9aTDk/jkAlU97mN8wZkEMDr5utAZtMV
61 ht7GLX33Wx9XjqxUsDfsGkqNL8dXJklWDu9Zh80Ui2Ug+340d5dZtKtd+nv09QZq
62 GjdnSp9PTfFDBY133QIDAQAB
63 </textarea><br />
64             <label for="input">Text to encrypt:</label><br />
65             name:<input id="username" name="username" type="text"></input><br />
66             password:<input id="passwd" name="passwd" type="password"></input><br />
67             <input id="testme" type="button" value="submit" /><br />
68         </div>
69     </form>
70 </body>
71 </html>

客户端

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.IO;
  4 using System.Linq;
  5 using System.Security.Cryptography;
  6 using System.Text;
  7 using System.Web;
  8 using System.Web.UI;
  9 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
 10 
 11 namespace WebApplication1
 12 {
 13     public partial class WebForm2 : System.Web.UI.Page
 14     {
 15         private const string privateKey = @"MIICXAIBAAKBgQCC0hrRIjb3noDWNtbDpANbjt5Iwu2NFeDwU16Ec87ToqeoIm2K
 16 I+cOs81JP9aTDk/jkAlU97mN8wZkEMDr5utAZtMVht7GLX33Wx9XjqxUsDfsGkqN
 17 L8dXJklWDu9Zh80Ui2Ug+340d5dZtKtd+nv09QZqGjdnSp9PTfFDBY133QIDAQAB
 18 AoGAJBNTOITaP6LCyKVKyEdnHaKNAz0DS+V9UwjKhyAgfcAxwm3sDdd6FQCEW0TI
 19 JA7Np7rFYrGwcR1UOoKxkNxB10ACl6JX4rE7xKS6NLZumdwxON/KgDb+2SQtWEXD
 20 gBySZ7Znv/FhEp1RmoBDjZ05E99kILWO3ToorUM0Eq2GHQkCQQCnUMXgZa4HS0tu
 21 INzysgB37d7ene9+CIARyJphs079qao2UWCgXqen43Ob6GJUgulz7We+4JOZFld0
 22 TfEi1E5rAkEAyClQAVzafLO3gXgqH7tbRbPPx788+4opxT9QBo2Trzl6/3FlcC1P
 23 IZeqbQ/Oc2wT7jmidFnpyTEnM2p7Yq3U1wJBAILTWaX4W3dAnJ5j+9+Y51zfFiEj
 24 hRwbMWi2XmB+gAlAHOOUBeXfnWBdLQx/TEOgiUIoI7LQjxhoq8E5II+HSjkCQDlK
 25 SdH6B7dFoTJ3eGcYsykiLEiZ3hSJGSeR1Y/qmei/ZQsUI9qVvV56EJeivI6g0puO
 26 94ah7Z5eaT/4LFS0OIUCQDgLn586pGgeidLhQsIe/AR3y9YOCAygTFLxzmeBXOKt
 27 M90q4516KWlTtK2u99442mNi7hNmjryBVwk62foWo8w=";
 28 
 29         private const string publicKey = @"MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCC0hrRIjb3noDWNtbDpANbjt5I
 30 wu2NFeDwU16Ec87ToqeoIm2KI+cOs81JP9aTDk/jkAlU97mN8wZkEMDr5utAZtMV
 31 ht7GLX33Wx9XjqxUsDfsGkqNL8dXJklWDu9Zh80Ui2Ug+340d5dZtKtd+nv09QZq
 32 GjdnSp9PTfFDBY133QIDAQAB";
 33 
 34         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 35         {
 36             if (!IsPostBack)
 37             {
 38                 RSACryptoService rsa = new RSACryptoService(privateKey, publicKey);
 39                 string data = rsa.Encrypt("我是加密");
 40                 Response.Write(rsa.Decrypt(Request.Form["username"]));//解密
 41             }
 42         }
 43 
 44     }
 45 
 46     public class RSACryptoService
 47     {
 48         private RSACryptoServiceProvider _privateKeyRsaProvider;
 49         private RSACryptoServiceProvider _publicKeyRsaProvider;
 50 
 51         public RSACryptoService(string privateKey, string publicKey = null)
 52         {
 53             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(privateKey))
 54             {
 55                 _privateKeyRsaProvider = CreateRsaProviderFromPrivateKey(privateKey);
 56             }
 57 
 58             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(publicKey))
 59             {
 60                 _publicKeyRsaProvider = CreateRsaProviderFromPublicKey(publicKey);
 61             }
 62         }
 63 
 64         public string Decrypt(string cipherText)
 65         {
 66             if (_privateKeyRsaProvider == null)
 67             {
 68                 throw new Exception("_privateKeyRsaProvider is null");
 69             }
 70             return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_privateKeyRsaProvider.Decrypt(System.Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText), false));
 71         }
 72 
 73         public string Encrypt(string text)
 74         {
 75             if (_publicKeyRsaProvider == null)
 76             {
 77                 throw new Exception("_publicKeyRsaProvider is null");
 78             }
 79             return Convert.ToBase64String(_publicKeyRsaProvider.Encrypt(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text), false));
 80         }
 81 
 82         private RSACryptoServiceProvider CreateRsaProviderFromPrivateKey(string privateKey)
 83         {
 84             var privateKeyBits = System.Convert.FromBase64String(privateKey);
 85 
 86             var RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
 87             var RSAparams = new RSAParameters();
 88 
 89             using (BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(privateKeyBits)))
 90             {
 91                 byte bt = 0;
 92                 ushort twobytes = 0;
 93                 twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
 94                 if (twobytes == 0x8130)
 95                     binr.ReadByte();
 96                 else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
 97                     binr.ReadInt16();
 98                 else
 99                     throw new Exception("Unexpected value read binr.ReadUInt16()");
100 
101                 twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
102                 if (twobytes != 0x0102)
103                     throw new Exception("Unexpected version");
104 
105                 bt = binr.ReadByte();
106                 if (bt != 0x00)
107                     throw new Exception("Unexpected value read binr.ReadByte()");
108 
109                 RSAparams.Modulus = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
110                 RSAparams.Exponent = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
111                 RSAparams.D = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
112                 RSAparams.P = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
113                 RSAparams.Q = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
114                 RSAparams.DP = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
115                 RSAparams.DQ = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
116                 RSAparams.InverseQ = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
117             }
118 
119             RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams);
120             return RSA;
121         }
122 
123         private int GetIntegerSize(BinaryReader binr)
124         {
125             byte bt = 0;
126             byte lowbyte = 0x00;
127             byte highbyte = 0x00;
128             int count = 0;
129             bt = binr.ReadByte();
130             if (bt != 0x02)
131                 return 0;
132             bt = binr.ReadByte();
133 
134             if (bt == 0x81)
135                 count = binr.ReadByte();
136             else
137                 if (bt == 0x82)
138                 {
139                     highbyte = binr.ReadByte();
140                     lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
141                     byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };
142                     count = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);
143                 }
144                 else
145                 {
146                     count = bt;
147                 }
148 
149             while (binr.ReadByte() == 0x00)
150             {
151                 count -= 1;
152             }
153             binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current);
154             return count;
155         }
156 
157         private RSACryptoServiceProvider CreateRsaProviderFromPublicKey(string publicKeyString)
158         {
159             // encoded OID sequence for  PKCS #1 rsaEncryption szOID_RSA_RSA = "1.2.840.113549.1.1.1"
160             byte[] SeqOID = { 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00 };
161             byte[] x509key;
162             byte[] seq = new byte[15];
163             int x509size;
164 
165             x509key = Convert.FromBase64String(publicKeyString);
166             x509size = x509key.Length;
167 
168             // ---------  Set up stream to read the asn.1 encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo blob  ------
169             using (MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(x509key))
170             {
171                 using (BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem))  //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
172                 {
173                     byte bt = 0;
174                     ushort twobytes = 0;
175 
176                     twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
177                     if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
178                         binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
179                     else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
180                         binr.ReadInt16();   //advance 2 bytes
181                     else
182                         return null;
183 
184                     seq = binr.ReadBytes(15);       //read the Sequence OID
185                     if (!CompareBytearrays(seq, SeqOID))    //make sure Sequence for OID is correct
186                         return null;
187 
188                     twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
189                     if (twobytes == 0x8103) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Bit String is 03 81)
190                         binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
191                     else if (twobytes == 0x8203)
192                         binr.ReadInt16();   //advance 2 bytes
193                     else
194                         return null;
195 
196                     bt = binr.ReadByte();
197                     if (bt != 0x00)     //expect null byte next
198                         return null;
199 
200                     twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
201                     if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
202                         binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
203                     else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
204                         binr.ReadInt16();   //advance 2 bytes
205                     else
206                         return null;
207 
208                     twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
209                     byte lowbyte = 0x00;
210                     byte highbyte = 0x00;
211 
212                     if (twobytes == 0x8102) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Integer is 02 81)
213                         lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();  // read next bytes which is bytes in modulus
214                     else if (twobytes == 0x8202)
215                     {
216                         highbyte = binr.ReadByte(); //advance 2 bytes
217                         lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
218                     }
219                     else
220                         return null;
221                     byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };   //reverse byte order since asn.1 key uses big endian order
222                     int modsize = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);
223 
224                     int firstbyte = binr.PeekChar();
225                     if (firstbyte == 0x00)
226                     {   //if first byte (highest order) of modulus is zero, don't include it
227                         binr.ReadByte();    //skip this null byte
228                         modsize -= 1;   //reduce modulus buffer size by 1
229                     }
230 
231                     byte[] modulus = binr.ReadBytes(modsize);   //read the modulus bytes
232 
233                     if (binr.ReadByte() != 0x02)            //expect an Integer for the exponent data
234                         return null;
235                     int expbytes = (int)binr.ReadByte();        // should only need one byte for actual exponent data (for all useful values)
236                     byte[] exponent = binr.ReadBytes(expbytes);
237 
238                     // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----
239                     RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
240                     RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo = new RSAParameters();
241                     RSAKeyInfo.Modulus = modulus;
242                     RSAKeyInfo.Exponent = exponent;
243                     RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo);
244 
245                     return RSA;
246                 }
247 
248             }
249         }
250 
251         private bool CompareBytearrays(byte[] a, byte[] b)
252         {
253             if (a.Length != b.Length)
254                 return false;
255             int i = 0;
256             foreach (byte c in a)
257             {
258                 if (c != b[i])
259                     return false;
260                 i++;
261             }
262             return true;
263         }
264     }
265 }

服务端

Demo下载

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i31vfI9

Tips

貌似目前jsencrypt密钥格式只支持pkcs#1格式，所以在生成时请生成pkcs#1格式

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jrsnd/p/4786767.html