Java接口自动化测试实战笔记
综述
需求阶段:项目立项、产品设计、需求文档
研发阶段:UI 设计、前端开发、后端开发、测试设计、测试开发(并行)
测试阶段:环境搭建、多项测试执行、BUG 修复、测试报告
项目上线:线上回归测试、上线报告、添加监控
接口测试范围:
功能测试:等价类划分法、边界值分析法、错误推断法、因果图法、判定表驱动法、正交试验法、功能图法、场景法
异常测试:数据异常(null,””,数据类型)、环境异常(负载均衡架构、冷热备份)
性能测试(狭义):负载测试、压力测试或强度测试、并发测试、稳定性测试或可靠性测试
手工接口测试的常用工具
Postman
HttpRequest(Firefox 插件)
Fiddler(具备抓包和发送请求功能)
半自动化:Jmeter(结果统计方面不完善)
自动化框架的设计
显示层:测试报告
控制层:逻辑验证
持久层:测试用例存储(数据驱动)
测试代码:https://github.com/alanhou7/AutoTest
代码管理工具Git
安装客户端
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fec5672951318" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">yum install -y git # Linux
https://git-scm.com/downloads
brew install git # Mac
git --version
配置 SSH key
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "email address"
cd ~/.ssh
复制 id_rsa.pub到 GitHub 中
配置多个 SSH key(创建.ssh/config 文件,多账号可以为 id_rsa,id_rsa.pub 重命名并在 config 中进行对应配置)
Host github.com
HostName github.com
User git_username
IdentityFile /Users/alan/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
yum install - y git # Linux
brew install git # Mac
git -- version
# 配置 SSH key
ssh - keygen - t rsa - C "email address"
cd ~ / . ssh
# 复制 id_rsa.pub到 GitHub 中
# 配置多个 SSH key(创建.ssh/config 文件,多账号可以为 id_rsa,id_rsa.pub 重命名并在 config 中进行对应配置)
Host github . com
HostName github . com
User git_username
IdentityFile / Users / alan / . ssh / id_rsa . pub
Git命令
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fece402475172" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;"># 克隆项目到本地
git clone git@github.com/xxx.xxx.git
查看状态
git status
添加内容
git add xxx
git commit -m "comment"
推送到 GitHub
git push
拉取到本地
git pull
查看本地分支
git branch
查看远端分支
git branch -a
本地创建分支
git checkout -b branch1
推送分支
git push --set-upstream origin branch1
切换分支
git checkout master
删除本地分支
git branch -d branch1
删除远程分支
git branch -r -d origin/branch1
git push origin :branch1
合并指定分支内容到当前分支
git merge branch1
合并冲突通过<<<<<<<HEAD ... >>>>>>> branchname在文件中提示
回退到上一个版本,HEAD后添加几个^就是向前回退几个版本
git reset --hard HEAD^
或指定向前回退多少个版本
git reset -hard HEAD~10
查看历史版本号
git reflog
回退到指定版本号
git reset -hard version_no
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# 克隆项目到本地
git clone git @ github . com / xxx . xxx . git
# 查看状态
git status
# 添加内容
git add xxx
git commit - m "comment"
# 推送到 GitHub
git push
# 拉取到本地
git pull
# 查看本地分支
git branch
# 查看远端分支
git branch - a
# 本地创建分支
git checkout - b branch1
# 推送分支
git push -- set - upstream origin branch1
# 切换分支
git checkout master
# 删除本地分支
git branch - d branch1
# 删除远程分支
git branch - r - d origin / branch1
git push origin : branch1
# 合并指定分支内容到当前分支
git merge branch1
# 合并冲突通过<<<<<<<HEAD ... >>>>>>> branchname在文件中提示
# 回退到上一个版本,HEAD后添加几个^就是向前回退几个版本
git reset -- hard HEAD ^
# 或指定向前回退多少个版本
git reset - hard HEAD ~ 10
# 查看历史版本号
git reflog
# 回退到指定版本号
git reset - hard version_no
测试框架 TestNG
TestNG比 Junit 涵盖功能更全面、适合复杂的集成测试,Junit 更适合隔离性比较强的单元测试
完整代码 Git 仓库
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fed1104162352" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;"># pom.xml
<dependencies>
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>6.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
# pom.xml
< dependencies >
. . .
< dependency >
< groupId > org . testng < / groupId >
< artifactId > testng < / artifactId >
< version > 6.10 < / version >
< / dependency >
< / dependencies >
执行顺序
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fed4024131228" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">//最基本的注解,用来把方法标记为测试的一部分
@Test
//BeforeMethod 是在测试方法之前运行的
@BeforeMethod
//AfterMethod 是在测试方法之后运行的
@AfterMethod
//BeforeClass 是在类之前运行的方法
@BeforeClass
//AfterClass 是在类之后运行的方法
@AfterClass
//BeforeSuite测试套件在BeforeClass之前运行
@BeforeSuite
//AfterSuite测试套件在AfterClass之后运行
@AfterSuite
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//最基本的注解,用来把方法标记为测试的一部分
@ Test
//BeforeMethod 是在测试方法之前运行的
@ BeforeMethod
//AfterMethod 是在测试方法之后运行的
@ AfterMethod
//BeforeClass 是在类之前运行的方法
@ BeforeClass
//AfterClass 是在类之后运行的方法
@ AfterClass
//BeforeSuite测试套件在BeforeClass之前运行
@ BeforeSuite
//AfterSuite测试套件在AfterClass之后运行
@ AfterSuite
BeforeMethod和AfterMethod 会在类中的每个@Test 装饰的方法之前和之后运行
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fed7487804124" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">//忽略测试
@Test(enabled = false)
//分组测试
@Test(groups = "xxx")
//指定名称组运行之前运行的方法
@BeforeGroups("xxx")
//指定名称组运行之后运行的方法
@AfterGroups("xxx")
//类的分组测试(@Test(groups = "xxx")加在类上),以下配置通过<groups>部分的配置将仅运行组名为 stu 的类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<suite name="suitename">
<test name="onlyRunStu">
<groups>
<run>
<include name="stu" />
</run>
</groups>
<classes>
<class name="org.alanhou.testng.groups.GroupsOnClass1"></class>
<class name="org.alanhou.testng.groups.GroupsOnClass2"></class>
<class name="org.alanhou.testng.groups.GroupsOnClass3"></class>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
//异常测试
@Test(expectedExceptions = RuntimeException.class)
//依赖测试(所依赖的方法执行成功了都会执行当前方法)
@Test(dependsOnMethods = {"xxx"})
//参数化测试
@Parameters({"name","age"}) //类添加
//xml设置参数
<suite name="parameter">
<test name="param">
<classes>
<parameter name="name" value="Jack" />
<parameter name="age" value="10" />
<class name="org.alanhou.testng.parameter.ParameterTest"></class>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
//此外可以通过 DataProvider 进行参数传递
//多线程测试
//获取当前线程 ID
Thread.currentThread().getId()
//parallel指定线程级别(tests,class,methods),thread-count指定线程数
<suite name="thread" parallel="methods" thread-count="3">
//超时测试
@Test(timeOut = 3000) //单位为毫秒
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//忽略测试
@ Test ( enabled = false )
//分组测试
@ Test ( groups = "xxx" )
//指定名称组运行之前运行的方法
@ BeforeGroups ( "xxx" )
//指定名称组运行之后运行的方法
@ AfterGroups ( "xxx" )
//类的分组测试(@Test(groups = "xxx")加在类上),以下配置通过<groups>部分的配置将仅运行组名为 stu 的类
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< suite name = "suitename" >
< test name = "onlyRunStu" >
< groups >
< run >
< include name = "stu" / >
< / run >
< / groups >
< classes >
< class name = "org.alanhou.testng.groups.GroupsOnClass1" > < / class >
< class name = "org.alanhou.testng.groups.GroupsOnClass2" > < / class >
< class name = "org.alanhou.testng.groups.GroupsOnClass3" > < / class >
< / classes >
< / test >
< / suite >
//异常测试
@ Test ( expectedExceptions = RuntimeException . class )
//依赖测试(所依赖的方法执行成功了都会执行当前方法)
@ Test ( dependsOnMethods = { "xxx" } )
//参数化测试
@ Parameters ( { "name" , "age" } ) //类添加
//xml设置参数
< suite name = "parameter" >
< test name = "param" >
< classes >
< parameter name = "name" value = "Jack" / >
< parameter name = "age" value = "10" / >
< class name = "org.alanhou.testng.parameter.ParameterTest" > < / class >
< / classes >
< / test >
< / suite >
//此外可以通过 DataProvider 进行参数传递
//多线程测试
//获取当前线程 ID
Thread . currentThread ( ) . getId ( )
//parallel指定线程级别(tests,class,methods),thread-count指定线程数
< suite name = "thread" parallel = "methods" thread - count = "3" >
//超时测试
@ Test ( timeOut = 3000 ) //单位为毫秒
测试报告
推荐:ExtentReports 测试报告
其它:TestNG 测试报告、ReportNG 测试报告
完整代码 Git 仓库
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fed9195902050" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">//默认的监听器生成的报告 CSS 需翻墙才能加载
<!--<listener class-name="com.vimalselvam.testng.listener.ExtentTestNgFormatter" />-->
<!--<listener class-name="com.tester.extend.demo.ExtentTestNGIReporterListenerOld" />-->
<listener class-name="com.tester.extend.demo.ExtentTestNGIReporterListener" />
//最后一个文件根据网上文件添加以下语句以解决cdn.rawgit.com 访问不了的情况
htmlReporter.config().setResourceCDN(ResourceCDN.EXTENTREPORTS);
//默认的监听器生成的报告 CSS 需翻墙才能加载
< ! -- < listener class - name = "com.vimalselvam.testng.listener.ExtentTestNgFormatter" / > -- >
< ! -- < listener class - name = "com.tester.extend.demo.ExtentTestNGIReporterListenerOld" / > -- >
< listener class - name = "com.tester.extend.demo.ExtentTestNGIReporterListener" / >
htmlReporter . config ( ) . setResourceCDN ( ResourceCDN . EXTENTREPORTS ) ;
Mock 接口框架
Moco 框架
演示代码 Git 仓库
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fedc268093409" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">// http 外还支持 https,socket,8888可修改为其它的端口号
java -jar ./moco-runner-0.12.0-standalone.jar http -p 8888 -c startup1.json
//GET请求可直接在浏览器中访问同,POST 请求可借助于 Postman 或 Jmeter
brew install jmeter
open /usr/local/bin/jmeter //或者直接输入 jmeter
//新建线程组>HTTP请求(POST请求)以及结果树(查看结果)
//GET在 request中使用 queries 传参,POST使用 forms
//也可使用 json 来进行 POST/GET请求
//header,cookies 可用添加头信息和 cookies 信息
//redirectTo 添加重定向信息
// http 外还支持 https,socket,8888可修改为其它的端口号
java - jar . / moco - runner - 0.12.0 - standalone . jar http - p 8888 - c startup1 . json
//GET请求可直接在浏览器中访问同,POST 请求可借助于 Postman 或 Jmeter
brew install jmeter
open / usr / local / bin / jmeter //或者直接输入 jmeter
//新建线程组>HTTP请求(POST请求)以及结果树(查看结果)
//GET在 request中使用 queries 传参,POST使用 forms
//也可使用 json 来进行 POST/GET请求
//header,cookies 可用添加头信息和 cookies 信息
//redirectTo 添加重定向信息
HTTP 协议接口
Requests Header (请求头)
Header
解释
示例
Accept
指定客户端能够接收的内容类型
Accept: text/plain, text/html
Accept-Charset
浏览器可以接受的字符编码集。
Accept-Charset: iso-8859-5
Accept-Encoding
指定浏览器可以支持的web服务器返回内容压缩编码类型。
Accept-Encoding: compress, gzip
Accept-Language
浏览器可接受的语言
Accept-Language: en,zh
Accept-Ranges
可以请求网页实体的一个或者多个子范围字段
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Authorization
HTTP授权的授权证书
Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==
Cache-Control
指定请求和响应遵循的缓存机制
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection
表示是否需要持久连接。(HTTP 1.1默认进行持久连接)
Connection: close
Cookie
HTTP请求发送时,会把保存在该请求域名下的所有cookie值一起发送给web服务器。
Cookie: $Version=1; Skin=new;
Content-Length
请求的内容长度
Content-Length: 348
Content-Type
请求的与实体对应的MIME信息
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Date
请求发送的日期和时间
Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 08:12:31 GMT
Expect
请求的特定的服务器行为
Expect: 100-continue
From
发出请求的用户的Email
From: user@email.com
Host
指定请求的服务器的域名和端口号
Host: http://www.baidu.com
If-Match
只有请求内容与实体相匹配才有效
If-Match: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
If-Modified-Since
如果请求的部分在指定时间之后被修改则请求成功,未被修改则返回304代码
If-Modified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 2010 19:43:31 GMT
If-None-Match
如果内容未改变返回304代码,参数为服务器先前发送的Etag,与服务器回应的Etag比较判断是否改变
If-None-Match: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
If-Range
如果实体未改变,服务器发送客户端丢失的部分,否则发送整个实体。参数也为Etag
If-Range: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
If-Unmodified-Since
只在实体在指定时间之后未被修改才请求成功
If-Unmodified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 2010 19:43:31 GMT
Max-Forwards
限制信息通过代理和网关传送的时间
Max-Forwards: 10
Pragma
用来包含实现特定的指令
Pragma: no-cache
Proxy-Authorization
连接到代理的授权证书
Proxy-Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==
Range
只请求实体的一部分,指定范围
Range: bytes=500-999
Referer
先前网页的地址,当前请求网页紧随其后,即来路
Referer: https://www.baidu.com/
TE
客户端愿意接受的传输编码,并通知服务器接受接受尾加头信息
TE: trailers,deflate;q=0.5
Upgrade
向服务器指定某种传输协议以便服务器进行转换(如果支持)
Upgrade: HTTP/2.0, SHTTP/1.3, IRC/6.9, RTA/x11
User-Agent
User-Agent的内容包含发出请求的用户信息
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; X11)
Via
通知中间网关或代理服务器地址,通信协议
Via: 1.0 fred, 1.1 nowhere.com (Apache/1.1)
Warning
关于消息实体的警告信息
Warn: 199 Miscellaneous warning
Responses Header(响应头)
Header
解释
示例
Accept-Ranges
表明服务器是否支持指定范围请求及哪种类型的分段请求
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Age
从原始服务器到代理缓存形成的估算时间(以秒计,非负)
Age: 12
Allow
对某网络资源的有效的请求行为,不允许则返回405
Allow: GET, HEAD
Cache-Control
告诉所有的缓存机制是否可以缓存及哪种类型
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Encoding
web服务器支持的返回内容压缩编码类型。
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Language
响应体的语言
Content-Language: en,zh
Content-Length
响应体的长度
Content-Length: 348
Content-Location
请求资源可替代的备用的另一地址
Content-Location: /index.htm
Content-MD5
返回资源的MD5校验值
Content-MD5: Q2hlY2sgSW50ZWdyaXR5IQ==
Content-Range
在整个返回体中本部分的字节位置
Content-Range: bytes 21010-47021/47022
Content-Type
返回内容的MIME类型
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Date
原始服务器消息发出的时间
Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 08:12:31 GMT
ETag
请求变量的实体标签的当前值
ETag: “737060cd8c284d8af7ad3082f209582d”
Expires
响应过期的日期和时间
Expires: Thu, 01 Dec 2010 16:00:00 GMT
Last-Modified
请求资源的最后修改时间
Last-Modified: Tue, 15 Nov 2010 12:45:26 GMT
Location
用来重定向接收方到非请求URL的位置来完成请求或标识新的资源
Location: https://www.baidu.com/
Pragma
包括实现特定的指令,它可应用到响应链上的任何接收方
Pragma: no-cache
Proxy-Authenticate
它指出认证方案和可应用到代理的该URL上的参数
Proxy-Authenticate: Basic
refresh
应用于重定向或一个新的资源被创造,在5秒之后重定向(由网景提出,被大部分浏览器支持)
Refresh: 5; url=https://www.baidu.com/
Retry-After
如果实体暂时不可取,通知客户端在指定时间之后再次尝试
Retry-After: 120
Server
web服务器软件名称
Server: Apache/1.3.27 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux)
Set-Cookie
设置Http Cookie
Set-Cookie: UserID=JohnDoe; Max-Age=3600; Version=1
Trailer
指出头域在分块传输编码的尾部存在
Trailer: Max-Forwards
Transfer-Encoding
文件传输编码
Transfer-Encoding:chunked
Vary
告诉下游代理是使用缓存响应还是从原始服务器请求
Vary: *
Via
告知代理客户端响应是通过哪里发送的
Via: 1.0 fred, 1.1 nowhere.com (Apache/1.1)
Warning
警告实体可能存在的问题
Warning: 199 Miscellaneous warning
WWW-Authenticate
表明客户端请求实体应该使用的授权方案
WWW-Authenticate: Basic
注:HTTP部分内容来自 CSDN
Cookie 与 Session
Cookie 在客户端的头信息中,Session 在服务端存储,文件、数据库都可以
Session 通常需要 Cookie 的一个字段来对应用户与 Session,所以当浏览器禁止 Cookie 时,Session将失效
测试框架 HttpClient
测试时需运行Mock 接口框架 部分的startupWithCookies.json进行配合
演示代码 Git 仓库
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fedf820205067" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">//pom.xml 中添加 HttpClient依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.1.3</version>
</dependency>
//HttpClient依赖的应用
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
//用来存放结果
String result;
HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com ");
//用来执行 GET 方法
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
System.out.println(result);
}
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< dependency >
< groupId > org . apache . httpcomponents < / groupId >
< artifactId > httpclient < / artifactId >
< version > 4.1.3 < / version >
< / dependency >
//HttpClient依赖的应用
@ Test
public void test1 ( ) throws IOException {
//用来存放结果
String result ;
//用来执行 GET 方法
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient ( ) ;
HttpResponse response = client . execute ( get ) ;
result = EntityUtils . toString ( response . getEntity ( ) , "utf-8" ) ;
System . out . println ( result ) ;
}
SprintBoot 自动化测试开发
演示代码 Git 仓库
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fee2924527994" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">/**
开发一个需要携带参数才能访问的 GET 请求
第一种实现方式:url: key=value&key=value
以下模拟获取商品列表
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/get/with/param",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ApiOperation(value = "需要携带参数才能访问的 GET 请求一",httpMethod = "GET")
public Map<String, Integer> getList(@RequestParam Integer start,
@RequestParam Integer end){
Map<String, Integer> myList = new HashMap<>();
myList.put("鞋",400);
myList.put("干脆面",1);
myList.put("衬衫",300);
return myList;
}
/**
第二种需要携带参数访问的 GET 请求
url: ip:port/get/with/param/10/20
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/get/with/param/{start}/{end}")
@ApiOperation(value = "需要携带参数才能访问的 GET 请求二",httpMethod = "GET")
public Map myGetList(@PathVariable Integer start,
@PathVariable Integer end){
Map<String, Integer> myList = new HashMap<>();
myList.put("鞋",400);
myList.put("干脆面",1);
myList.put("衬衫",300);
return myList;
}
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/
* 开发一个需要携带参数才能访问的 GET 请求
* 第一种实现方式:url: key=value&key=value
* 以下模拟获取商品列表
*/
@ RequestMapping ( value = "/get/with/param" , method = RequestMethod . GET )
@ ApiOperation ( value = "需要携带参数才能访问的 GET 请求一" , httpMethod = "GET" )
public Map < String , Integer > getList ( @ RequestParam Integer start ,
@ RequestParam Integer end ) {
Map < String , Integer > myList = new HashMap <> ( ) ;
myList . put ( "鞋" , 400 ) ;
myList . put ( "干脆面" , 1 ) ;
myList . put ( "衬衫" , 300 ) ;
return myList ;
}
/
* 第二种需要携带参数访问的 GET 请求
* url: ip:port/get/with/param/10/20
*/
@ RequestMapping ( value = "/get/with/param/{start}/{end}" )
@ ApiOperation ( value = "需要携带参数才能访问的 GET 请求二" , httpMethod = "GET" )
public Map myGetList ( @ PathVariable Integer start ,
@ PathVariable Integer end ) {
Map < String , Integer > myList = new HashMap <> ( ) ;
myList . put ( "鞋" , 400 ) ;
myList . put ( "干脆面" , 1 ) ;
myList . put ( "衬衫" , 300 ) ;
return myList ;
}
插件:Lombok
若运行异常请首先打开Preferences > Build, Execution, Deployment > Compiler > Annotation Processors > Enable annotation processing,同时安装应需要重启 IDEA
Swagger访问地址:http://localhost:8888/swagger-ui.html
在 Jmeter调试中显示 Cookies 信息
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fee5200187582" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;"># 找到对应Jmeter 的配置文件
Mac 地址:/usr/local/Cellar/jmeter/5.0/libexec/bin/jmeter.properties
修改如下内容
CookieManager.save.cookies=true
# 找到对应Jmeter 的配置文件
# Mac 地址:/usr/local/Cellar/jmeter/5.0/libexec/bin/jmeter.properties
# 修改如下内容
CookieManager . save . cookies = true
数据持久层框架 MyBatis
演示代码 Git 仓库
注意:yml 配置文件中冒号要加空格,否则会导致配置不生效
<div id="crayon-5d7709084fee7524761403" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;">// 首先获取一个执行 sql 语句的对象
@Autowired
private SqlSessionTemplate template;
@RequestMapping(value = "/getUserCount",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ApiOperation(value = "可以获取到的用户数",httpMethod = "GET")
public int getUserCount(){
// getUserCount对应 mysql.xml 中的配置
return template.selectOne("getUserCount");
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/addUser",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public int addUser(@RequestBody User user){
return template.insert("addUser",user);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/updateUser",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public int updateUser(@RequestBody User user){
return template.update("updateUser",user);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/deleteUser",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public int delUser(@RequestParam int id){
return template.delete("deleteUser",id);
}
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// 首先获取一个执行 sql 语句的对象
@ Autowired
private SqlSessionTemplate template ;
@ RequestMapping ( value = "/getUserCount" , method = RequestMethod . GET )
@ ApiOperation ( value = "可以获取到的用户数" , httpMethod = "GET" )
public int getUserCount ( ) {
// getUserCount对应 mysql.xml 中的配置
return template . selectOne ( "getUserCount" ) ;
}
@ RequestMapping ( value = "/addUser" , method = RequestMethod . POST )
public int addUser ( @ RequestBody User user ) {
return template . insert ( "addUser" , user ) ;
}
@ RequestMapping ( value = "/updateUser" , method = RequestMethod . POST )
public int updateUser ( @ RequestBody User user ) {
return template . update ( "updateUser" , user ) ;
}
@ RequestMapping ( value = "/deleteUser" , method = RequestMethod . POST )
public int delUser ( @ RequestParam int id ) {
return template . delete ( "deleteUser" , id ) ;
}
MyBatis+MySQL实现用例管理
完整代码 Git 仓库
<div id="crayon-5d7709084feea270557906" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;"># testng.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<suite name="用户管理系统测试套件">
<test name="用户管理系统测试用例">
<classes>
<class name="org.alanhou.cases.LoginTest">
<methods>
<include name="loginTrue"/>
<include name="loginFalse"/>
</methods>
</class>
<class name="org.alanhou.cases.AddUserTest">
<methods>
<include name="addUser"/>
</methods>
</class>
<class name="org.alanhou.cases.GetUserInfoTest">
<methods>
<include name="getUserInfo"/>
</methods>
</class>
<class name="org.alanhou.cases.UpdateUserInfoTest">
<methods>
<include name="updateUserInfo"/>
<include name="deleteUser"/>
</methods>
</class>
<class name="org.alanhou.cases.GetUserInfoListTest">
<methods>
<include name="getUserListInfo"/>
</methods>
</class>
</classes>
</test>
<listeners>
<listener class-name="org.alanhou.config.ExtentTestNGIReporterListener"/>
</listeners>
</suite>
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# testng.xml
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< suite name = "用户管理系统测试套件" >
< test name = "用户管理系统测试用例" >
< classes >
< class name = "org.alanhou.cases.LoginTest" >
< methods >
< include name = "loginTrue" / >
< include name = "loginFalse" / >
< / methods >
< / class >
< class name = "org.alanhou.cases.AddUserTest" >
< methods >
< include name = "addUser" / >
< / methods >
< / class >
< class name = "org.alanhou.cases.GetUserInfoTest" >
< methods >
< include name = "getUserInfo" / >
< / methods >
< / class >
< class name = "org.alanhou.cases.UpdateUserInfoTest" >
< methods >
< include name = "updateUserInfo" / >
< include name = "deleteUser" / >
< / methods >
< / class >
< class name = "org.alanhou.cases.GetUserInfoListTest" >
< methods >
< include name = "getUserListInfo" / >
< / methods >
< / class >
< / classes >
< / test >
< listeners >
< listener class - name = "org.alanhou.config.ExtentTestNGIReporterListener" / >
< / listeners >
< / suite >
TestNG+MyBatis实现数据校验
<div id="crayon-5d7709084feec647763140" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;"><plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
<configuration>
<suiteXmlFiles>
<suiteXmlFile>
./src/main/resources/testng.xml
</suiteXmlFile>
</suiteXmlFiles>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--Chapter13-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>org.alanhou.Application</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<compilerArguments>
<extdirs>${project.basedir}/libcd</extdirs>
</compilerArguments>
</configuration>
</plugin>
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< plugin >
< groupId > org . apache . maven . plugins < / groupId >
< artifactId > maven - surefire - plugin < / artifactId >
< version > 2.22.1 < / version >
< configuration >
< suiteXmlFiles >
< suiteXmlFile >
. / src / main / resources / testng . xml
< / suiteXmlFile >
< / suiteXmlFiles >
< / configuration >
< / plugin >
< ! -- Chapter13 -- >
< plugin >
< groupId > org . springframework . boot < / groupId >
< artifactId > spring - boot - maven - plugin < / artifactId >
< configuration >
< mainClass > org . alanhou . Application < / mainClass >
< / configuration >
< executions >
< execution >
< goals >
< goal > repackage < / goal >
< / goals >
< / execution >
< / executions >
< / plugin >
< plugin >
< artifactId > maven - compiler - plugin < / artifactId >
< configuration >
< source > 1.8 < / source >
< target > 1.8 < / target >
< encoding > UTF - 8 < / encoding >
< compilerArguments >
< extdirs > $ { project . basedir } / libcd < / extdirs >
< / compilerArguments >
< / configuration >
< / plugin >
Jenkins持续集成
<div id="crayon-5d7709084feef988474187" class="crayon-syntax crayon-theme-sublime-text crayon-font-monaco crayon-os-pc print-yes notranslate" data-settings=" minimize scroll-mouseover" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; height: auto;">
<div class="crayon-plain-wrap"><textarea wrap="soft" class="crayon-plain print-no" data-settings="dblclick" readonly="" style="tab-size: 4; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: 15px !important; z-index: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden;"># 打包命令
mvn clean package
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/war/latest/jenkins.war
java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=8080
后台启动
nohup java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=8080 &
配置任务 deploy
构建>Execute shell
source /etc/profile
pid=$(ps x | grep "Chapter13-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $1}')
if [ -n "$pid"]; then
kill -9 $pid
fi
cd Chapter13
mvn clean package
cd target
BUILD_ID=dontKillMe
nohup java -jar Chapter13-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar &
构建后操作>Build other projects
配置任务 test
source /etc/profile
cd Chapter12
mvn clean package
result=$(curl -s http://127.0.0.1:8080/job/test/lastBuild/buildNumber --user admin001:123456)
mkdir /home/apache-tomcat-9.0.7/webapps/ROOT/$result
cp /root/.jenkins/workspace/test/Chapter12/test-output/index.html /home/apache-tomcat-9.0.7/webapps/ROOT/$result/index.html
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# 打包命令
mvn clean package
java - jar jenkins . war -- httpPort = 8080
# 后台启动
nohup java - jar jenkins . war -- httpPort = 8080 &
# 配置任务 deploy
# 构建>Execute shell
source / etc / profile
pid = $ ( ps x | grep "Chapter13-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar" | grep - v grep | awk '{print $1}' )
if [ - n "$pid" ] ; then
kill - 9 $ pid
fi
cd Chapter13
mvn clean package
cd target
BUILD_ID = dontKillMe
nohup java - jar Chapter13 - 1.0 - SNAPSHOT . jar &
# 构建后操作>Build other projects
# 配置任务 test
source / etc / profile
cd Chapter12
mvn clean package
mkdir / home / apache - tomcat - 9.0.7 / webapps / ROOT / $ result
cp / root / . jenkins / workspace / test / Chapter12 / test - output / index . html / home / apache - tomcat - 9.0.7 / webapps / ROOT / $ result / index . html
在 Mac 本地安装时,会出现This Jenkins instance appears to be offline.的报错
解决方法:将 ~/.jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml文件中的 https 修改为 http 再重新执行上述安装命令
安装插件
Rebuilder, Safe Restart
扩展知识:
IDEA 快捷键
Option+j 快速导入包
Cmd+j 快速输入,如 sout=System.out.println(); main导入
Option+Enter 代码提示自动补全
Cmd+Option+O 移除未使用的包引用
删除/移除了模块后可通过 Cmd+;快捷键进入 Project Structure点击+号来 Import Module
原文地址:https://alanhou.org/java-automated-testing/
相关阅读:
NC105 二分查找
Spark-Streaming总结
spark java API 实现二次排序
在eclipse上安装Scala插件
maven:missing artifact jdk.tools:jar:1.7
使用 Hive装载数据的几种方式
Eclipse debug 调试快捷键
yarn工作流程
Windows 7 下安装mysql-5.7.18-winx64.zip
希尔排序
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/11495970.html
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