© 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请注明出处
Bean的生命周期
1.定义
2.初始化
3.使用
4.销毁
初始化和销毁的三种方式
1.实现org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean和org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean接口
2.配置init-method和destroy-method
3.配置全局默认初始化和销毁方法default-init-method和default-destroy-method
实例
1.项目结构
2.pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>Spring</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.3.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- junit依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.spring-beanlifecycle.xml（三选一）
3.1 实现org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean和org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean接口
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="org.spring.bean.BeanLifeCycle"/>
</beans>
3.2 配置init-method和destroy-method
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="org.spring.bean.BeanLifeCycle"
init-method="start" destroy-method="stop"/>
</beans>
3.3 配置全局默认初始化和销毁方法default-init-method和default-destroy-method
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-init-method="defaultInit" default-destroy-method="defaultDestroy">
<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="org.spring.bean.BeanLifeCycle"/>
</beans>
4.BeanLifeCycle.java（三选一）
4.1 实现org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean和org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean接口
package org.spring.bean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
public class BeanLifeCycle implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean {
/**
* 初始化
*/
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Bean Init.");
}
/**
* 销毁
*/
public void destroy() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Bean Destroy.");
}
}
4.2 配置init-method和destroy-method
package org.spring.bean;
public class BeanLifeCycle {
/**
* 初始化
*/
public void start() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Bean Start.");
}
/**
* 销毁
*/
public void stop() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Bean Stop.");
}
}
4.3 配置全局默认初始化和销毁方法default-init-method和default-destroy-method
package org.spring.bean;
public class BeanLifeCycle {
/**
* 初始化
*/
public void defaultInit() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Bean DefaultInit.");
}
/**
* 销毁
*/
public void defaultDestroy() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Bean DefaultDestroy.");
}
}
5.UnitTestBase
package org.spring.ioc.test;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
/**
* 单元测试初始化类
*
*/
public class UnitTestBase {
private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
private String springXmlPath;
/**
* 无参构造器
*/
public UnitTestBase() {
}
/**
* 含参构造器
*
* @param springXmlPath
* spring配置文件路径
*/
public UnitTestBase(String springXmlPath) {
this.springXmlPath = springXmlPath;
}
/**
* 初始化spring配置文件
*/
@Before//在@Test注解的方法执行前执行
public void before() {
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(springXmlPath)) {//默认spring配置文件路径
springXmlPath = "classpath*:spring-*.xml";
}
//加载配置文件，一个context表示一个容器
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(springXmlPath.split("[,\s]+"));
//启动组件
context.start();
}
/**
* 销毁spring组件
*/
@After//在@Test注解的方法执行后执行
public void after() {
context.destroy();//销毁组件
}
/**
* 获取spring中定义的bean实例
*
* @param beanId
*
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected <T extends Object> T getBean(String beanId) {
return (T) context.getBean(beanId);
}
/**
* 获取spring中定义的bean实例
*
* @param clazz
*
* @return
*/
protected <T extends Object> T getBean(Class<T> clazz) {
return (T) context.getBean(clazz);
}
}
6.TestBeanLifeCycle
package org.spring.ioc.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.spring.bean.BeanLifeCycle;
@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//指定JUnit默认执行类
public class TestBeanLifeCycle extends UnitTestBase {
public TestBeanLifeCycle() {//通过构造方法传入spring配置文件路径
super("classpath*:spring-beanlifecycle.xml");
}
@Test
public void testScope() {
BeanLifeCycle bean = super.getBean("beanLifeCycle");
}
}
7.效果预览
7.1 实现org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean和org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean接口
7.2 配置init-method和destroy-method
7.3 配置全局默认初始化和销毁方法default-init-method和default-destroy-method
7.4 三种方式一起执行
8.总结
1）实现接口方式的初始化和销毁 先于 配置init-method和destroy-method
2）当 实现接口方式的初始化和销毁或配置init-method和destroy-method 时，配置全局默认初始化和销毁方法default-init-method和default-destroy-method不生效