• 第十二周运维作业


    1、配置chrony服务,实现服务器时间自动同步

    答:服务端centos7.6   客户端centos7.0  

    服务端配置 

    [root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf    修改chrony.conf 配置文件

    [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd   重启服务

    [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd   开机自动启动

     修改客户端  vim /etc/chrony.conf

     验证

    [root@centos7 ~]# date
    Mon Sep 7 14:40:33 CST 2020

    [root@centos7 ~]# date -s "1 day"
    Tue Sep 8 14:40:24 CST 2020

    [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd   执行重启服务

    [root@centos7 ~]# date
    Mon Sep 7 14:40:33 CST 2020

    2、实现cobbler+pxe自动化装机

    pxe 自动化安装 

    设置yum源和epel源,并通过yum安装dhcp、tftp、httpd、syslinux服务

    关闭selinux 和 关闭防火墙  

    虚拟机配置  修改网络内容 vmnet8 nat模式,取消DHCP自动分配IP

    [root@centos7 ~]# yum repolist 

    [root@centos7 ~]#yum  install dhcp  tftp httpd -y

    [root@centos7 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

     cp: overwrite ‘/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf’? y  是否覆盖

    编辑dhcpd.conf  

    [root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf   修改配置文件 dhcp

    # option definitions common to all supported networks...
    option domain-name "sun.com";     #定义选项
    #option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
    option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76;    #dhcp服务器地址
    default-lease-time 86400;     #租约期限
    max-lease-time 86400;           #最长租约期限

    # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
    #ddns-update-style none;

    # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
    # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
    #authoritative;

    # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
    # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
    log-facility local7;

    # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
    # DHCP server to understand the network topology.

    subnet 192.168.47.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.47.50 192.168.47.100;     #指定IP地址范围
    option routers 192.168.47.254;      #指定网关
    next-server 192.168.47.70;         
    filename "pxelinux.0";
    }

    注意:其他未作修改

    [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd

    [root@centos7 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos7/x86_64  创建目录

    [root@centos7 ~]# mount -r /dev/sr0  /var/www/html/centos/7/x86_64  挂载光盘

    [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start httpd

    [root@centos7 ~]#systemctl  enable httpd

    [root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/ksdir/ 创建ks目录

    [root@centos7 ~]# cp anaconda-ks.cfg /var/www/html/ksdir/ks7_mini.cfg

    [root@centos7 ~]# vim /var/www/html/ksdir/ks7_mini.cfg  编辑ks应答文件

    #version=DEVEL
    # System authorization information
    auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
    # Use CDROM installation media
    url --url=ftp://192.168.31.7/pub/centos7/
    # Use graphical install
    text
    # Run the Setup Agent on first boot
    firstboot --enable
    ignoredisk --only-use=sda
    # Keyboard layouts
    keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
    # System language
    lang en_US.UTF-8

    # Network information
    network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto --activate
    network --hostname=localhost.localdomain

    # Root password
    rootpw --iscrypted $6$0U7I.uZWqQ4DZrp1$T/L3volXctFcFO8h7s9d/J/fXl2jjdIOUf6qaFYUarwiC2.yBD79rYFWTVZ5s2SIsIIr7lkroxs7deZNO6znn/
    # System services
    services --disabled="chronyd"
    selinux --disabled
    firewall --disabled
    # System timezone
    timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
    # X Window System configuration information
    xconfig --startxonboot
    # System bootloader configuration
    bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
    # Partition clearing information
    clearpart --all --initlabel
    zerombr
    eula --agreed
    reboot
    # Disk partitioning information
    part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=3072
    part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
    part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
    part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=30720

    %packages
    @core
    autofs
    %end
    %post
    systemctl enable autofs
    rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
    cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
    [base]
    name=base
    baseurl=file:///misc/cd/
    gpgcheck=0
    EOF

    useradd zhangsan
    echo magedu |passwd --stdin zhangsan

    mkdir /root/.ssh
    echo 'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDSV0vkgeRJPikUdZ6V/RV6sLwGfw1LfapEFh8wxgYcS4tY9txVzpzJzTWuCmqMLZDK3AQt4AHOK7H39OAgIECr79wmzh1kHDj/i6asSw9Z9Nf+R4QlLhwWEfWV1nuk/SgxTLgQlqFh/9NGjG+gyihhCqfq2xHWcOyuf/pLH/IsfRP26MdP2o0YC4copRJVBPf/eO0lR+VbthDsm2yoYXuCYXur9423MNd5zV0hO+EcEiasDXsA3xPz8NwUVWumekYyIttnTRoCYsDuZPA6B0hp3Uh0krwgbGXqnc+uW7tbOveFDpkC9gXHUitt8MqemSx7i+DX3orO3J6f6b4C5gM7 root@centos7.localdomain' > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
    echo 'alias cdnet="cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts"' >> /root/.bashrc

    %end

    [root@centos7 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/  #拷贝文件

    [root@centos7 tftpboot]# cp /misc/cd/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} .

    [root@centos7 tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 .

    [root@centos7 tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg  #创建引导配置文件

    [root@centos7 tftpboot]# cd pxelinux.cfg

    [root@centos7 pxelinux.cfg]# vim default   

    default menu.c32
    timeout 600
    LABEL linux_autoinst #自动安装选项
    MENU LABEL Install CentOS 7 ^Mini
    KERNEL vmlinuz
    APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://192.168.47.70/7/os/x86_64

    LABEL linux
    MENU LABEL Install CentOS 7 x86_64
    KERNEL vmlinuz
    APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://192.168.47.70/7/os/x86_64

    客户端安装

     cobbler 自动化安装

     安装cobbler、dhcp服务  创建yum仓库是epel源 必须连接网络

    [root@centos7 data]# yum install cobbler dhcp

     [root@centos7 data]# systemctl start cobbler

      [root@centos7 data]# systemctl  enable cobbler

     [root@centos7 data]# systemctl start httpd

      [root@centos7 data]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings  编辑cobbler配置文件

    更改cobbler服务器地址 192.168.47.154

     

    更改tftp服务器地址:192.168.47.154

     

    [root@centos7 ~]# openssl passwd -1

    更改加密口令:$1$wRfZiqnW$jhuvd98T7Fj3a1RiiOZZS.   口令是centos7

     自动生成dhcp文件

     更改完成后保存退出

    [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

    [root@centos7 ~]# cobbler get-loaders

    [root@centos7 data]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 

    [root@centos7 ~]# cobbler sync

    [root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

     [root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd

    导入光盘生成一个centos7的应答文件

    [root@centos7 data]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos7.6_x86_64 --arch=x86_64

    [root@centos7 ~]# cd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/   已生成应答文件
    [root@centos7 ks_mirror]# ls
    centos7.6_x86_64-x86_64 config

    [root@centos7 ks_mirror]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default   生成启动菜单 
    DEFAULT menu
    PROMPT 0
    MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/
    TIMEOUT 200
    TOTALTIMEOUT 6000
    ONTIMEOUT local

    LABEL local
    MENU LABEL (local)
    MENU DEFAULT
    LOCALBOOT -1

    LABEL centos7.6-x86_64
    kernel /images/centos7.6-x86_64/vmlinuz
    MENU LABEL centos7.6-x86_64
    append initrd=/images/centos7.6-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.47.154/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos7.6-x86_64
    ipappend 2

    MENU end

    测试机启动 

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jing-yun/p/13626122.html
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