前言:
在iOS开发中,有关导航,周边的开发,必须基于2个框架:
Map Kit :用于地图展示
Core Location :用于地理定位
用户隐私的保护
从iOS 6开始,苹果在保护用户隐私方面做了很大的加强,以下操作都必须经过用户批准授权:获取用户的位置、通讯录、日历、相机、相册等等
从iOS 8开始,用户定位分两种情况
总是使用用户位置:NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription
使用应用时定位:NSLocationWhenInUseDescription [self.manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
当想访问用户的隐私信息时,系统会自动弹出一个对话框让用户授权
CoreLocation框架的使用
1.导入框架CoreLocation.framework
2.导入主头文件
#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
3.在info.plist文件中设置提示用户定位信息,NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription
4.代码: 功能定位当前经纬度. 一直两地经纬度,求距离
#import "ViewController.h" #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h> @interface ViewController ()<CLLocationManagerDelegate>//遵守代理 @property (nonatomic, strong) CLLocationManager *manager; @end @implementation ViewController - (CLLocationManager *)manager { if (!_manager) { //1.创建一个定位管理器 _manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc]init]; } return _manager; } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; //2.获取用户的授权 [self.manager requestAlwaysAuthorization]; //3.开始定位 [self.manager startUpdatingLocation]; //4.设置代理 self.manager.delegate = self; //5.求两地距离. CLLocation *loc1 = [[CLLocation alloc]initWithLatitude:40 longitude:116]; CLLocation *loc2 = [[CLLocation alloc]initWithLatitude:41 longitude:116]; CLLocationDistance dis = [loc1 distanceFromLocation:loc2]; NSLog(@"两地距离是%f米",dis); } //代理方法:会一直调用此方法. - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations { //6.获取用户当前的位置 CLLocation *location = [locations firstObject]; /*经纬度 CLLocationCoordinate2D是一个经纬度的结构体. coordinate.longitude 经度 coordinate.latitude 纬度 */ CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = location.coordinate; NSLog(@"纬度:%f ----经度 %f",coordinate.latitude,coordinate.longitude); }
CLLocationManager
- (void)startUpdatingLocation;//开始用户定位
- (void) stopUpdatingLocation;//停止用户定位
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations;//代理方法,当调用了startUpdatingLocation方法后,就开始不断地定位用户的位置,中途会频繁地调用. locations参数里面装着CLLocation对象 //参考上边代码
@property(assign, nonatomic) CLLocationDistance distanceFilter;//每隔多少米定位一次
@property(assign, nonatomic) CLLocationAccuracy desiredAccuracy;//定位精确度(越精确就越耗电)
//导航专用的精确度 extern const CLLocationAccuracy kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_7,__IPHONE_4_0); extern const CLLocationAccuracy kCLLocationAccuracyBest; extern const CLLocationAccuracy kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters; extern const CLLocationAccuracy kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters; extern const CLLocationAccuracy kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer; extern const CLLocationAccuracy kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers; */ //定位精确度 self.manager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation;
CLLocation
CLLocation用来表示某个位置的地理信息,比如经纬度、海拔等等
@property(readonly, nonatomic) CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate;//经纬度
@property(readonly, nonatomic) CLLocationDistance altitude;//海拔
@property(readonly, nonatomic) CLLocationDirection course;//路线,航向(取值范围是0.0° ~ 359.9°,0.0°代表真北方向)
p@property(readonly, nonatomic) CLLocationSpeed speed;//行走速度(单位是m/s)
用- (CLLocationDistance)distanceFromLocation:(const CLLocation *)location 方法可以计算2个位置之间的距离
CLLocationCoordinate2D
CLLocationCoordinate2D是一个用来表示经纬度的结构体,定义如下
typedef struct {
CLLocationDegrees latitude; // 纬度
CLLocationDegrees longitude; // 经度
} CLLocationCoordinate2D;
一般用CLLocationCoordinate2DMake函数来创建CLLocationCoordinate2D
模拟器当前位置(经纬度)设定: