rsync命令详解

介绍

rsync命令是一个远程数据同步工具，可通过LAN/WAN快速同步多台主机间的文件。rsync使用所谓的“rsync算法”来使本地和远程两个主机之间的文件达到同步，这个算法只传送两个文件的不同部分，而不是每次都整份传送，因此速度相当快。 rsync是一个功能非常强大的工具，其命令也有很多功能特色选项，我们下面就对它的选项一一进行分析说明。

常用场景

无密码同步

服务端：vim /etc/rsyncd.conf

#This is the rsync daemon configuration 

#global settings 
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root

#module settings 
[share_data]
path = /web/rsync/share_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = yes
write only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120

/usr/bin/rsync --daemon
mkdir -p /web/rsync/share_data

客户端

rsync -avz --progress root@192.168.1.98::share_data /home/hadoop/share_data

 限制流量同步

rsync -avz --bwlimit=50 --progress root@192.168.1.98::share_data /home/hadoop/share_data

有密码同步

服务端  

vim /etc/rsyncd.conf

#This is the rsync daemon configuration 

#global settings 
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root

#module settings 
[auth_data]
path = /web/rsync/auth_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = yes
write only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
auth users = hadoop
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.passwd

echo "hadoop:password123" > /etc/rsyncd.passwd 
chmod 600 /etc/rsyncd.passwd
mkdir -p /web/rsync/auth_data

客户端

echo "password123" > /home/hadoop/rsyncd.passwd 
chmod 600 /home/hadoop/rsyncd.passwd 
rsync -avz --progress  --password-file=/home/hadoop/rsyncd.passwd  hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data /home/hadoop/auth_data

或者是

export RSYNC_PASSWORD="password123"
rsync -avz --progress hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data /home/hadoop/auth_data

写入同步

服务端

vim /etc/rsyncd.conf

#global settings 
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root

#module settings 
[write_data]
path = /web/rsync/write_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
auth users = hadoop
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.passwd

mkdir -p /web/rsync/write_data

客户端

echo "123" > /home/hadoop/write_file
export RSYNC_PASSWORD="password123"
rsync -avz --progress --delete /home/hadoop/write_file hadoop@192.168.1.98::write_data 

限定IP或者网段

#global settings 
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root

#module settings 
[write_data]
path = /web/rsync/write_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
auth users = hadoop
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.passwd
hosts allow = 192.168.2.32  192.168.1.0/24

常见场景例子

指定端口

rsync -avz --port=8081 --progress /home/hadoop/auth_data hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data 

限速

rsync --bwlimit=100 -avz --progress /home/hadoop/auth_data hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data 

限速100kb/s同步数据

Rsync通过SSH传输

rsync -e "ssh -p 22"  --progress /home/hadoop/auth_data hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data 

更多命令参考 

客户端 https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/rsync.html

服务端 https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/rsyncd.conf.html