• Oracle11g温习-第十一章:管理undo


    2013年4月27日 星期六

    10:40

     

    1undo tablespace 功能

     undo tablespace 功能:用来存放从datafiles 读出的数据块旧的镜像

     

           

                1)   回滚事务:rollback

                2)   读一致性:正在做DML操作的数据块,在没有提交前,其他用户不能读,其他用户读undo里面的数据块信息

                3)   事务的恢复:instance recover   (undo -------->rollback)

                4)   倒序查询flashback queryflashback table

             】

    2undo 的管理模式

    1)   manaual 手工:roll segment

    2)   auto  自动:      undo tablespace ( init parameter :undo_management  = auto) ,自动创建undo段

    3undo 表空间管理

     1)【建立新的undo表空间(处于active状态的undo tablespace 不能offline 和 drop),可以建立多个undo表空间,但一个时刻只有一个处于active 】

     

    SYS @ prod > create undo tablespace        undotbs2     datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs02.dbf'       

    size 100m         autoextend on next     10m maxsize 500m;                                       创建自动扩展的undo表空间

       

    Tablespace created.

     

     SYS @ prod >  select tablespace_name,status,contents from dba_tablespaces;

     

    TABLESPACE_NAME                STATUS    CONTENTS

    ------------------------------ --------- ---------

    SYSTEM                                    ONLINE    PERMANENT

    UNDOTBS                                ONLINE    UNDO

    SYSAUX                                     ONLINE    PERMANENT

    TEMP                                        ONLINE    TEMPORARY

    USERS                                       ONLINE    PERMANENT

    UNDOTBS02                            ONLINE    UNDO 

     

        2)查看当前正在使用的undo tablespace

         

     SYS @ prod > show parameter undo

     

    NAME                                          TYPE                              VALUE

    ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------

    undo_management                  string                            AUTO

    undo_retention                         integer                           900

    undo_tablespace                      string                            UNDOTBS

     

        

       3)切换undo表空间

     

     SYS @ prod >alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2;   

     

    System altered.

     

     SYS @ prod > show parameter undo

     

    NAME                                 TYPE                              VALUE

    ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------

    undo_management                      string                            AUTO

    undo_retention                       integer                           900

    undo_tablespace                      string                            UNDOTBS02

     

        4)删除undo tablespace

      

     SYS @ prod >drop tablespace undotbs  including contents and  datafiles;  

     

    Tablespace dropped.

     

    5) undo_retention 参数

    SYS @ prod > show parameter undo;

     

    NAME                                        TYPE                              VALUE

    ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------

    undo_management                string                            AUTO

    undo_retention                       integer                           900

    undo_tablespace                     string                            UNDOTBS

     

    ——undo_retention   设置当事务提交后,undo 数据块在undo tablespace空间未使用完之前的的保留时间】  

     

    SYS @ prod > alter system set undo_retention=600;

    SYS @ prod > show parameter undo

     

    NAME                                 TYPE                              VALUE

    ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------

    undo_management                   string                            AUTO

    undo_retention                       integer                           600

    undo_tablespace                      string                            UNDOTBS

     

    SYS @ prod > Alter tablespace undotbs1 retention  guarantee;【保证在retention 期间不允许被覆盖】

    SYS @ prod >  Alter tablespace undotbs1 retention noguarantee;【想禁止undo表空间retention guarantee

     

     

     6)undo 表空间的大小

              1)   undo_retention

             2)   undo block /per second 

             3)   UNDO BLOCK SIZE

    4undo 信息的查询

           1) v$session 【查看用户建立的session】

           2) v$transaction  【当前的事务】

           3) v$rollname  【回滚段的名称】

           4) v$rollstat 【回滚段的状态】

          

               SSYS @ prod >   desc  v$session;            

     

     

    SYS @ prod > select username,sid,serial# from v$session   where username is not null;

     

    USERNAME                       SID       SERIAL#

    ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

    SCOTT                                 141          4

    SYS                                       159          3

     

                SYS @ prod > desc  v$transaction ;

     

     Name                                      Null?    Type

     ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

     ADDR                                               RAW(4)                              事务处理状态对象的地址

     XIDUSN                                             NUMBER                         ——xidusn :undo segment 的id   撤消段的号

     XIDSLOT                                            NUMBER                         ——xidslot:事务槽的id    插曹号

     XIDSQN                                             NUMBER                        序列号

     UBAFIL                                             NUMBER                         撤消块地址(UBA)的文件号

     UBABLK                                             NUMBER                        UBA 块号

     UBASQN                                             NUMBER                      UBA 序列号

     UBAREC                                             NUMBER                       UBA 记录号

     STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(16)              状态号

     START_TIME                                         VARCHAR2(20)         起始时间(挂钟)

     START_SCNB                                         NUMBER                   起始系统更改号(SCN)的基点

     START_SCNW                                         NUMBER                  起始SCN 包

     START_UEXT                                         NUMBER                    起始区号

     START_UBAFIL                                       NUMBER                  起始UBA 文件号

     START_UBABLK                                       NUMBER                起始UBA 块号

     START_UBASQN                                       NUMBER               起始UBA 序列号

     START_UBAREC                                       NUMBER               起始记录号

     SES_ADDR                                           RAW(4)                               ——SES_ADDR  当前会话的地址

    FLAG                                               NUMBER                              标志位

     SPACE                                              VARCHAR2(3)                    如果为空间事务处理,则为Yes

     RECURSIVE                                          VARCHAR2(3)               如果为递归事务处理,则为Yes

     NOUNDO                                             VARCHAR2(3)                如果为撤消事务处理,则为Yes

     PTX                                                VARCHAR2(3)                        如果为并行事务处理,则为Yes,否则设为No

    NAME                                               VARCHAR2(256)

     PRV_XIDUSN                                         NUMBER                      上一个事务处理的撤消段的号

     PRV_XIDSLT                                         NUMBER                          上一个事务处理的插槽号

     PRV_XIDSQN                                         NUMBER                          上一个事务处理的序列号

     PTX_XIDUSN                                         NUMBER                          父级XID 的回退段号

     PTX_XIDSLT                                         NUMBER                          父级XID 的插曹号

     PTX_XIDSQN                                         NUMBER                         父级XID 的序列号

     DSCN-B                                             NUMBER                             独立的SCN 基点

     DSCN-W                                             NUMBER                            独立的SCN 包

     USED_UBLK                                          NUMBER                         已用的撤消块数量

     USED_UREC                                          NUMBER                         已用的撤消记录数量

     LOG_IO                                             NUMBER                                逻辑I/O

     PHY_IO                                             NUMBER                                物理I/O

     CR_GET                                             NUMBER                                一致性获取

     CR_CHANGE                                          NUMBER                         一致性更改

     START_DATE                                         DATE

     DSCN_BASE                                          NUMBER

     DSCN_WRAP                                          NUMBER

     START_SCN                                          NUMBER

     DEPENDENT_SCN                                      NUMBER

     XID                                                      RAW(8)

     PRV_XID                                            RAW(8)

     PTX_XID                                            RAW(8)

                                                              

    SYS @ prod > select a.SID,a.SERIAL#,a.USERNAME,b.xidusn,xidslot,b.ubablk,b.status,b.name from v$session a, v$transaction  b    where a.saddr=b.ses_addr;

                                                                                                                         

     

            SID    SERIAL#       USERNAME                 XIDUSN    XIDSLOT     UBABLK    STATUS           NAME

    ---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ----------

           144            7               SCOTT                             15            26                76          ACTIVE

     

                                                      

         

     

    SYS @ prod > desc  v$rollname;    【查看当前的回滚段】

     

    ——【默认system有一个undo segment,undo tablespace 会被分配10个undo segment】

     

    SYS @ prod > select * from v$rollname;                                                                                                  

     

           USN NAME

    ---------- ----------

             0 SYSTEM

            11 _SYSSMU11$

            12 _SYSSMU12$

            13 _SYSSMU13$

            14 _SYSSMU14$

            15 _SYSSMU15$

            16 _SYSSMU16$

            17 _SYSSMU17$

            18 _SYSSMU18$

            19 _SYSSMU19$

            20 _SYSSMU20$

                                                                                         

    SYS @ prod > select usn,extents,writes,xacts,status from v$rollstat;      【查看回滚段的状态

     

           USN    EXTENTS     WRITES      XACTS STATUS

    ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------

             0          6       5560          0 ONLINE

            11         10     529954          0 ONLINE

            12         17    1344804          0 ONLINE

            13         16     800720          0 ONLINE

            14         27   11447082          1 ONLINE

            15         17    1033468          0 ONLINE

            16          6     307764          0 ONLINE

            17         15     734590          0 ONLINE

            18          8     398340          0 ONLINE

            19         16     785134          0 ONLINE

            20          8     407692          0 ONLINE 

     

     SYS @ prod > select a.sid,  a.serial#,  a.username,  b.xidusn,  xidslot,  b.ubablk,  b.status,  c.usn,  c.name,   d.extents,   d.writes,    d.xacts

                   from v$session a,v$transaction b,v$rollname c ,v$rollstat d

                 where a.saddr=b.ses_addr and b.xidusn=c.usn and c.usn=d.usn

     

                                                                                                                                    

     

           SID        SERIAL#   USERNAME     XIDUSN    XIDSLOT     UBABLK     STATUS         USN     NAME            EXTENTS     WRITES          XACTS

    ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ------------ ----------

           147         54            SCOTT                14                22              2595         ACTIVE          14    _SYSSMU14$         27           11447082          

                                              

    【查看undo segment 数据块状态dba_undo_EXTENTS)】

     

    SYS @ prod > insert into t01 values (6) ;                                                                                               

     

    SYS @ prod > insert into t01 values (7) ;                                                                                               

     

    SYS @ prod > create table emp1 as select * from scott.emp;                                                                              

     

    SYS @ prod > insert into emp1 select * from emp1;                                                                                      

     

    SYS @ prod > select segment_name,tablespace_name,extent_id,file_id ,bytes/1024 ,status from dba_undo_extents                           

        where status like '%ACTIVE%';                                                           查看数据库中各个undo段的状态】                                                                                     

     

    SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME                 EXTENT_ID    FILE_ID     BYTES/1024 STATUS

    ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ----------

    _SYSSMU18$                              UNDO_TBS                                    2                     7                 64                ACTIVE

    _SYSSMU15$                              UNDO_TBS                                    0                     7                 64                 ACTIVE

     

    SYS @ prod > COMMIT;                                                                                                                   

     

    Commit complete.

     

    SYS @ prod > /                                                                                                                         

     

    SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME                 EXTENT_ID    FILE_ID BYTES/1024 STATUS

    ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

    _SYSSMU15$                     UNDO_TBS                                0          7         64 ACTIVE

     

     

    【查看undo tablespace 统计信息v$undostat;】

     

    SYS @ prod > select BEGIN_TIME,end_time,undotsn,undoblks,ACTIVEBLKS,EXPIREDBLKS,MAXQUERYID from v$undostat;                             

     

    BEGIN_TIME          END_TIME               UNDOTSN   UNDOBLKS ACTIVEBLKS EXPIREDBLKS MAXQUERYID

    ------------------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- -------------

    2011-08-08 10:22:35 2011-08-08 10:23:20          8          0        160         760

    2011-08-08 10:12:35 2011-08-08 10:22:35          8          6        160         760

    2011-08-08 10:02:35 2011-08-08 10:12:35          8        589        160           8

    2011-08-08 09:52:35 2011-08-08 10:02:35          8        179        160           8

    2011-08-08 09:42:35 2011-08-08 09:52:35          8         19        160           0

    2011-08-08 09:32:35 2011-08-08 09:42:35          1          7        160        2840

    2011-08-08 09:22:35 2011-08-08 09:32:35          1          2        160        2848

    2011-08-08 09:12:35 2011-08-08 09:22:35          1          0          0           0

    2011-08-08 09:02:35 2011-08-08 09:12:35          1          3          0           0

     

    SYS @ prod > select segment_name,tablespace_name ,segment_id,file_id ,status from dba_rollback_segs;                                    

     

    SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME                SEGMENT_ID    FILE_ID STATUS

    ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------------

    SYSTEM                         SYSTEM                                  0          1 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU1$                      RTBS                                    1          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU2$                      RTBS                                    2          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU3$                      RTBS                                    3          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU4$                      RTBS                                    4          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU5$                      RTBS                                    5          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU6$                      RTBS                                    6          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU7$                      RTBS                                    7          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU8$                      RTBS                                    8          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU9$                      RTBS                                    9          2 ONLINE

    _SYSSMU10$                     RTBS                                   10        2 ONLINE

     

  • 相关阅读:
    必备java参考资源列表
    java中使用js函数
    6.游戏特别离不开脚本(3)-JS脚本操作java(2)(直接解析JS公式,并非完整JS文件或者函数)
    6.游戏特别离不开脚本(3)-JS脚本操作java(直接解析JS公式,并非完整JS文件或者函数)
    6.游戏特别离不开脚本(2)-获取脚本引擎
    6.游戏特别离不开脚本(1)-原因
    5.eclipse 自带的jdk没有源码,改了它
    4.调个绿豆沙护眼色
    3.myeclipse 8.5 m1 注册码
    Zxing中文乱码的简单解决办法
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/iyoume2008/p/7525366.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知