• Memory Limits for Windows and Windows Server Releases

    his topic describes the memory limits for supported Windows and Windows Server releases.

    Limits on memory and address space vary by platform, operating system, and by whether theIMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE value of the LOADED_IMAGE structure and 4-gigabyte tuning (4GT) are in use.IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE is set or cleared by using the /LARGEADDRESSAWARE linker option.

    4-gigabyte tuning (4GT), also known as application memory tuning, or the /3GB switch, is a technology (only applicable to 32 bit systems) that alters the amount of virtual address space available to user mode applications. Enabling this technology reduces the overall size of the system virtual address space and therefore system resource maximums. For more information, see What is 4GT.

    Limits on physical memory for 32-bit platforms also depend on the Physical Address Extension (PAE), which allows 32-bit Windows systems to use more than 4 GB of physical memory.

    Memory and Address Space Limits

    The following table specifies the limits on memory and address space for supported releases of Windows. Unless otherwise noted, the limits in this table apply to all supported releases.

    Memory typeLimit in on X86Limit in 64-bit Windows

    User-mode virtual address space for each 32-bit process

    2 GB

    Up to 3 GB with IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWAREand 4GT

    2 GB withIMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWAREcleared (default)

    4 GB withIMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWAREset

    User-mode virtual address space for each 64-bit process

    Not applicable

    With IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWAREset (default):

    x64:  8 TB

    Intel Itanium-based systems:  7 TB

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  128 TB

    2 GB withIMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWAREcleared

    Kernel-mode virtual address space

    2 GB

    From 1 GB to a maximum of 2 GB with 4GT

    8 TB

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  128 TB

    Paged pool

    384 GB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller.

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  15.5 TB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller.

    Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, and Windows Vista:  Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space. Starting with Windows Vista with Service Pack 1 (SP1), the paged pool can also be limited by the PagedPoolLimit registry key value.

    Windows Home Server and Windows Server 2003:  530 MB

    Windows XP:  490 MB

    384 GB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  15.5 TB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller.

    Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, and Windows Vista:  128 GB or system commit limit, whichever is smaller

    Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP:  Up to 128 GB depending on configuration and RAM.

    Nonpaged pool

    75% of RAM or 2 GB, whichever is smaller.

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  RAM or 16 TB, whichever is smaller (address space is limited to 2 x RAM).

    Windows Vista:  Limited only by kernel mode virtual address space and physical memory. Starting with Windows Vista with SP1, the nonpaged pool can also be limited by the NonPagedPoolLimit registry key value.

    Windows Home Server, Windows Server 2003, and Windows XP:  256 MB, or 128 MB with 4GT.

    RAM or 128 GB, whichever is smaller (address space is limited to 2 x RAM)

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  RAM or 16 TB, whichever is smaller (address space is limited to 2 x RAM).

    Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, and Windows Server 2008:  75% of RAM up to a maximum of 128 GB

    Windows Vista:  40% of RAM up to a maximum of 128 GB.

    Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP:  Up to 128 GB depending on configuration and RAM.

    System cache virtual address space (physical size limited only by physical memory)

    Limited by available kernel-mode virtual address space or the SystemCacheLimit registry key value.

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  16 TB.

    Windows Vista:  Limited only by kernel mode virtual address space. Starting with Windows Vista with SP1, system cache virtual address space can also be limited by the SystemCacheLimit registry key value.

    Windows Home Server, Windows Server 2003, and Windows XP:  860 MB with LargeSystemCache registry key set and without 4GT; up to 448 MB with 4GT.

    Always 1 TB regardless of physical RAM

    Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2:  16 TB.

    Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP:  Up to 1 TB depending on configuration and RAM.

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows 8

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows 8.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows 8 Enterprise

    4 GB

    512 GB
    Windows 8 Professional

    4 GB

    512 GB
    Windows 8

    4 GB

    128 GB

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2012

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2012. Windows Server 2012 is available only in X64 editions.

    VersionLimit on X64
    Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

    4 TB
    Windows Server 2012 Standard

    4 TB
    Windows Server 2012 Essentials

    64 GB
    Windows Server 2012 Foundation

    32 GB
    Windows Storage Server 2012 Workgroup

    32 GB
    Windows Storage Server 2012 Standard

    4 TB
    Hyper-V Server 2012

    4 TB

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows 7

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows 7.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows 7 Ultimate

    4 GB

    192 GB
    Windows 7 Enterprise

    4 GB

    192 GB
    Windows 7 Professional

    4 GB

    192 GB
    Windows 7 Home Premium

    4 GB

    16 GB
    Windows 7 Home Basic

    4 GB

    8 GB
    Windows 7 Starter

    2 GB

    N/A

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2008 R2

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2008 R2. Windows Server 2008 R2 is available only in 64-bit editions.

    VersionLimit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter

    2 TB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise

    2 TB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems  

    2 TB
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Foundation

    8 GB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard

    32 GB

    		  
    Windows HPC Server 2008 R2

    128 GB

    		  
    Windows Web Server 2008 R2

    32 GB

    		  

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2008

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2008. Limits greater than 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows Server 2008 Datacenter

    64 GB

    1 TB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 Enterprise

    64 GB

    1 TB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 HPC Edition  

    128 GB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 Standard

    4 GB

    32 GB

    		  
    Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems    

    2 TB
    Windows Small Business Server 2008

    4 GB

    32 GB

    		  
    Windows Web Server 2008

    4 GB

    32 GB

    		  

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Vista

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Vista.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64
    Windows Vista Ultimate

    4 GB

    128 GB
    Windows Vista Enterprise

    4 GB

    128 GB
    Windows Vista Business

    4 GB

    128 GB
    Windows Vista Home Premium

    4 GB

    16 GB
    Windows Vista Home Basic

    4 GB

    8 GB
    Windows Vista Starter

    1 GB

    		  

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Home Server

    Windows Home Server is available only in a 32-bit edition. The physical memory limit is 4 GB.

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003 R2

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003 R2. Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64

    Windows Server 2003 R2 Datacenter Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    1 TB

    Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    1 TB

    Windows Server 2003 R2 Standard Edition

    4 GB

    32 GB

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2)

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2). Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64

    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Datacenter Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    1 TB

    2 TB

    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Enterprise Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    1 TB

    2 TB

    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2), Standard Edition

    4 GB

    32 GB

    		  

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1)

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1). Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64

    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Datacenter Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    X64 1 TB

    1 TB

    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Enterprise Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    X64 1 TB

    1 TB

    Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1), Standard Edition

    4 GB

    32 GB

    		  

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Server 2003

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Server 2003. Limits over 4 GB for 32-bit Windows assume that PAE is enabled.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on IA64

    Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    512 GB

    Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition

    64 GB

    (16 GB with 4GT)

    512 GB

    Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition

    4 GB

    		  

    Windows Server 2003, Web Edition

    2 GB

    		  

    Windows Small Business Server 2003

    4 GB

    		  

    Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003

    		  

    32 GB

    Windows Storage Server 2003, Enterprise Edition

    8 GB

    		  

    Windows Storage Server 2003

    4 GB

    		  

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows XP

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows XP.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64Limit on IA64
    Windows XP

    4 GB

    128 GB

    128 GB (not supported)
    Windows XP Starter Edition

    512 MB

    N/A

    N/A

    Physical Memory Limits: Windows Embedded

    The following table specifies the limits on physical memory for Windows Embedded.

    VersionLimit on X86Limit on X64

    Windows XP Embedded

    4 GB

    		  

    Windows Embedded Standard 2009

    4 GB

    		  

    Windows Embedded Standard 7

    4 GB

    192 GB

    How graphics cards and other devices affect memory limits

    Devices have to map their memory below 4 GB for compatibility with non-PAE-aware Windows releases. Therefore, if the system has 4GB of RAM, some of it is either disabled or is remapped above 4GB by the BIOS. If the memory is remapped, X64 Windows can use this memory. X86 client versions of Windows don’t support physical memory above the 4GB mark, so they can’t access these remapped regions. Any X64 Windows or X86 Server release can.

    X86 client versions with PAE enabled do have a usable 37-bit (128 GB) physical address space. The limit that these versions impose is the highest permitted physical RAM address, not the size of the IO space. That means PAE-aware drivers can actually use physical space above 4 GB if they want. For example, drivers could map the "lost" memory regions located above 4 GB and expose this memory as a RAM disk.

    Related topics

    4-Gigabyte Tuning
    IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE
    Physical Address Extension

     原文：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa366778(v=vs.85).aspx#physical_memory_limits_windows_8
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/itelite/p/3817685.html
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