centos7安装python3及ipython

1.安装python3所需要的依赖包以防之后出错

yum install libffi-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make -y

2.从官方网站上将Python3.7的软件包下载到 "/opt" 中(下载该包的时候回有些慢，我想你们应该都懂得)

wget -P /opt "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz"

3.将python的软件包解压到当前目录中并安装

cd /opt
tar xf Python-3.7.1.tgz
cd python-3.7.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 &&
make && make install

4.将Python3的命令设置软连接或直接添加至环境变量中（建议设置环境变量）
（1）设置软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

（2）设置环境变量
touch /etc/profile.d/python3.sh
vim /etc/profile.d/python3.sh

添加如下内容
export PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python3
export PATH=$PATH:$PYTHON_HOME/bin
使其生效
source /etc/profile.d/python.sh

5.安装IPython3
升级pip3到最新版本
pip3 install --upgrade pip

安装ipython
pip3 install ipython

安装完毕后，可以从/usr/local/python3/bin目录下找到ipython3的二进制可执行文件
root@node1 ~]# ls /usr/local/python3/bin/
2to3 idle3.5 ipython3 pydoc3 python3.5 python3-config
2to3-3.5 iptest pip pydoc3.5 python3.5-config pyvenv
easy_install-3.5 iptest3 pip3 pygmentize python3.5m pyvenv-3.5
idle3 ipython pip3.5 python3 python3.5m-config

重新加载一下python的环境变量即可（或再设置一次软连接）
（1）ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/ipython3 /usr/bin/ipython3
（2）source /etc/profile.d/python.sh

6.验证python3和IPython3是否安装成功
（1）验证ipython3是否安装成功
[root@node1 ~]# ipython3
Python 3.5.2 (default, Mar 27 2020, 10:35:45)
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.9.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

（2）验证python3是否安装成功
[root@node1 ~]# python3
Python 3.5.2 (default, Mar 27 2020, 10:35:45)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

#注出现以上情况python3和ipython3安装成功，退出输入 exit()
#!此安装过程本人已尝试，如有出错及时连接作者更改！感谢！