虚拟机里装的OS:OracleLinux-R5-U7-Server-i386
内存:1024MB
一、配置本地yum环境
1.创建介质装载目录/media/disk:
[root@ocm1 /]# pwd
/
[root@ocm1 /]# mkdir /media/disk
2.插入OEL DVD光盘
3.装载目录:
[root@ocm1 /]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
4. 创建yum 配置文件:
[root@ocm1 /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# ll
total 0
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# vi public-yum-el5.repo
[oel5]
name=Oracle Liunx server 5.7 i386 dvd
baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
二、安装oracle-validated软件包
5.正式安装oracle-validated软件包环境,使用yum install oracle-validated 命令:
使用oracle-validated包来配置oracle搭建所需的系统环境。
这个是oracle linux特有的包,减少大家在搭建oracle时安装各种系统包,调整系统参数,建用户和组等。
这个是oracle linux特有的包,减少大家在搭建oracle时安装各种系统包,调整系统参数,建用户和组等。
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-validated
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
oel5 | 1.1 kB 00:00
oel5/primary | 1.1 MB 00:00
oel5 2471/2471
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-validated.i386 0:1.1.0-14.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libXp for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: gdb for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-db for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34-c++ for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 set to be updated
---> Package compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1 set to be updated
---> Package compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1 set to be updated
---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel-static-i386 = 0.137-3.el5 for package: elfutils-libelf-devel
---> Package gcc.i386 0:4.1.2-51.el5 set to be updated
---> Package gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-51.el5 set to be updated
---> Package gdb.i386 0:7.0.1-37.el5 set to be updated
---> Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-65 set to be updated
---> Package glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-65 set to be updated
---> Package kernel-uek-headers.i686 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek set to be updated
---> Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 set to be updated
---> Package libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated
---> Package libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-51.el5 set to be updated
oel5/filelists | 2.6 MB 00:00
---> Package sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-11.el5 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===========================================================================================
Package
Arch Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================
Installing:
oracle-validated i386 1.1.0-14.el5 oel5
23 k
Installing for dependencies:
compat-db i386 4.2.52-5.1 oel5
1.7 M
compat-gcc-34 i386 3.4.6-4.1 oel5 4.0 M
compat-gcc-34-c++ i386 3.4.6-4.1 oel5 11 M
elfutils-libelf-devel i386 0.137-3.el5 oel5
24 k
elfutils-libelf-devel-static i386 0.137-3.el5 oel5 66 k
gcc
i386 4.1.2-51.el5 oel5 5.2 M
gcc-c++ i386 4.1.2-51.el5 oel5
3.4 M
gdb
i386 7.0.1-37.el5 oel5 2.4 M
glibc-devel i386 2.5-65 oel5
2.0 M
glibc-headers i386 2.5-65 oel5
604 k
kernel-uek-headers i686 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek oel5 724 k
libXp
i386 1.0.0-8.1.el5 oel5 22 k
libaio-devel i386 0.3.106-5 oel5
12 k
libstdc++-devel i386 4.1.2-51.el5 oel5 2.8 M
sysstat
i386 7.0.2-11.el5 oel5 182 k
unixODBC i386 2.2.11-7.1 oel5
830 k
unixODBC-devel i386 2.2.11-7.1 oel5 743 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================
Install 18 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 36 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y --这里选择y,进行安装
Downloading Packages:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 285 MB/s | 36 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : unixODBC 1/18
Installing : libXp 2/18
Installing : compat-db 3/18
Installing : gdb 4/18
Installing : sysstat 5/18
Installing : kernel-uek-headers 6/18
Installing : glibc-headers 7/18
Installing : glibc-devel 8/18
Installing : libstdc++-devel 9/18
Installing : unixODBC-devel 10/18
Installing : libaio-devel 11/18
Installing : gcc 12/18
Installing : compat-gcc-34 13/18
Installing : compat-gcc-34-c++ 14/18
Installing : gcc-c++ 15/18
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel 16/18
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-static 17/18
Installing : oracle-validated 18/18
Installed:
oracle-validated.i386 0:1.1.0-14.el5
Dependency Installed:
compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1
compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1 elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 gcc.i386 0:4.1.2-51.el5
gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-51.el5 gdb.i386 0:7.0.1-37.el5
glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-65 glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-65
kernel-uek-headers.i686 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5
libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-51.el5
sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-11.el5 unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
--这里列出了安装的系统包
Complete!
6.查看/etc/sysctl.conf
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Enterprise Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
# Controls source route verification
# See /usr/share/doc/kernel-doc-*/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
# For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max = 327679', and comment 'fs.file-max = 6553600' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# fs.file-max = 327679
fs.file-max = 6815744
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmni is 2878
kernel.msgmni = 2878
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmax is 8192
kernel.msgmax = 8192
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmnb is 65536
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 142'
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 and 4294967295 on i386 architecture. Refer Note id 567506.1
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sysrq is 1
kernel.sysrq = 1
# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max = 2097152', comment 'net.core.rmem_max = 4194304' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max = 262144', comment 'net.core.wmem_max = 1048576' entry for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.wmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# Oracle-Validated setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 3145728
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000', comment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500--安装10g此处改为net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000,否则检查时会给warning
# Oracle-Validated setting for vm.min_free_kbytes is 51200 to avoid OOM killer
vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
7.查看/etc/security/limits.conf
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf
# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#<domain> <type> <item> <value>
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
# - an user name
# - a group name, with @group syntax
# - the wildcard *, for default entry
# - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
# for maxlogin limit
#<type> can have the two values:
# - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
# - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#<item> can be one of the following:
# - core - limits the core file size (KB)
# - data - max data size (KB)
# - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
# - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
# - nofile - max number of open files
# - rss - max resident set size (KB)
# - stack - max stack size (KB)
# - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
# - nproc - max number of processes
# - as - address space limit
# - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
# - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
# - priority - the priority to run user process with
# - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
# - sigpending - max number of pending signals
# - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
# - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to
# - rtprio - max realtime priority
#<domain> <type> <item> <value>
#* soft core 0
#* hard rss 10000
#@student hard nproc 20
#@faculty soft nproc 20
#@faculty hard nproc 50
#ftp hard nproc 0
#@student - maxlogins 4
# End of file
# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile soft limit is 131072
oracle soft nofile 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile hard limit is 131072
oracle hard nofile 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc soft limit is 131072
oracle soft nproc 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc hard limit is 131072
oracle hard nproc 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for core soft limit is unlimited
oracle soft core unlimited
# Oracle-Validated setting for core hard limit is unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock soft limit is 3500000
oracle soft memlock 3500000
# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock hard limit is 3500000
oracle hard memlock 3500000
# For 11.1.0.6, Oracle-Validated setting for stack hard limit is 32MB due to bugdb6820451, this bug is fixed in 11.2, please uncomment 'oracle hard stack 32768' if oracle version is 11.1.0.6
# oracle hard stack 32768
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]#
8.检查用户和组信息
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)
环境变量需要自己配置
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$
三、安装数据库软件
9.配置oracle用户的环境变量
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# User specific environment and startup programs
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=testdb
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
10.建立/u01目录,并更改其目录的属组
[root@ocm1 ~]# cd ..
[root@ocm1 /]# ll
total 166
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 16 17:48 bin
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 Mar 16 11:56 boot
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 3820 Mar 16 16:24 dev
drwxr-xr-x 100 root root 12288 Mar 16 18:28 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Mar 16 16:44 home
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 12288 Mar 16 17:47 lib
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar 16 11:39 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 16 16:35 media
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Mar 16 16:23 misc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 17 2010 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Mar 16 16:23 net
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 17 2010 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 121 root root 0 Mar 16 16:20 proc
drwxr-x--- 14 root root 4096 Mar 16 16:01 root
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Mar 16 17:48 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 16 11:41 selinux
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 17 2010 srv
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Mar 16 16:21 sys
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 16 11:54 tftpboot
drwxrwxrwt 12 root root 4096 Mar 16 18:03 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 16 18:31 u01
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Mar 16 11:46 usr
drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 4096 Mar 16 12:00 var
[root@ocm1 /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall u01
[root@ocm1 /]# ll
total 166
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 16 17:48 bin
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 Mar 16 11:56 boot
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 3820 Mar 16 16:24 dev
drwxr-xr-x 100 root root 12288 Mar 16 18:28 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Mar 16 16:44 home
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 12288 Mar 16 17:47 lib
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar 16 11:39 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 16 16:35 media
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Mar 16 16:23 misc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 17 2010 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Mar 16 16:23 net
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 17 2010 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 121 root root 0 Mar 16 16:20 proc
drwxr-x--- 14 root root 4096 Mar 16 16:01 root
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Mar 16 17:48 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 16 11:41 selinux
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 17 2010 srv
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Mar 16 16:21 sys
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 16 11:54 tftpboot
drwxrwxrwt 12 root root 4096 Mar 16 18:03 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar 16 18:31 u01
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Mar 16 11:46 usr
drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 4096 Mar 16 12:00 var
[root@ocm1 /]#
11.更改oracle用户的密码
[root@ocm1 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
12.上传oracle安装包,解压,移动到/u01目录。(我这里使用Xmanager4的Xftp来上传的)
[root@ocm1 /]# cd /media/
[root@ocm1 media]# ll
total 653712
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 668734007 Mar 16 18:39 10201_database_linux32.zip
[root@ocm1 media]# unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip
[root@ocm1 media]# mv database/ /u01/
[root@ocm1 media]# cd /u01/
[root@ocm1 u01]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 3 2005 database
[root@ocm1 u01]# chown -R oracle:oinstall database/
[root@ocm1 u01]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 database
13.启动Xmanager4-Passive,以便在本机以图形界面安装oracle
本机ip地址是192.168.1.103
[root@ocm1 u01]# xhost+
-bash: xhost+: command not found
[root@ocm1 u01]# export DISPLAY=192.168.1.103:0.0
[root@ocm1 u01]# su - oracle
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd /u01/
[oracle@ocm1 u01]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 database
[oracle@ocm1 u01]$ cd database/
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 doc
drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 install
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 response
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1327 Jul 3 2005 runInstaller
drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 stage
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 5213 Jul 3 2005 welcome.html
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Failed <<<<
Exiting Oracle Universal Installer, log for this session can be found at /tmp/OraInstall2014-03-16_06-46-58PM/installActions2014-03-16_06-46-58PM.log
[oracle@ocm1 database]$
Note:
由于oracle 10g早在10年前,即2003年就发布了,而Redhat Enterprise Linux 5的发布日期要晚于oracle 10g发布,所以,默认情况下Oracle 10g 不支持在Redhat Enterprise Linux 5及以上版本上安装。所以,解决方案:
1 可以通过修改/etc/redhat-release 文件;
2 在安装的过程中,执行runInstaller 加上–ignoreSysPreReqs选项;
14.修改/etc/redhat-release,以便能在linux5上安装oracle10g
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7 (Tikanga)
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ su - root
Password:
[root@ocm1 ~]# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4 (Tikanga)
~
~
"/etc/redhat-release" 1L, 52C written
15.修改后,切换成oracle用户重新安装:
[root@ocm1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd /u01/
[oracle@ocm1 u01]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 database
[oracle@ocm1 u01]$ cd database/
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 doc
drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 install
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 response
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1327 Jul 3 2005 runInstaller
drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 3 2005 stage
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 5213 Jul 3 2005 welcome.html
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-03-16_06-55-08PM. Please wait ...[oracle@ocm1 database]$
修改下/etc/sysctl.conf,再Retry
Checking for ip_local_port_range=1024 - 65000; found ip_local_port_range=9000 - 65500.Failed <<<<
[root@ocm1 /]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@ocm1 /]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
[oracle@ocm1 database]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Mar 16 19:35:56 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>