本章导航
- RabbitMQ整合Spring AMQP实战
- RabbitMQ整合Spring Boot实战
- RabbitMQ整合Spring Cloud实战
RabbitMQ整合Spring AMQP实战
- RabbitAdmin
- SpringAMQP声明
- SimpleMessageListenerContainer简单消息监听容器
- MessageListenerAdapter消息监听适配器
- MessageConverter 消息转换器,序列化和反序列化等操作
- 注意:autoStartup必须要设置为true,否则Spring容器不会加载RabbitAdmin类
- RabbitAdmin底层实现就是从Spring容器中获取Exchange、Bingding、RoutingKey以及Queue的@Bean声明
- 然后使用RabbitTemplate的execute方法执行对应的声明、修改、删除等一系列RabbitMQ基础功能操作
- 例如:添加一个交换机、删除一个绑定、清空一个队列里的消息等等
MessageConverter
MessageConverter消息转换器
- 我们在进行发送消息的时候,正常情况下消息体为二进制的数据方式进行传输,如果希望内部帮我们进行转换,或指定自定义的转换器,就需要用到MessageConverter
- 自定义常用转换器:MessageConverter,一般来讲都需要实现这个接口
- 重写下面两个方法:
- toMessage:java对象转换为Message
- fromMessage:Message对象转换为java对象
- Json转换器:Jackson2JsonMessageConverter:可以进行Java对象的转换功能
- DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper映射器:可以进行Java对象的映射关系
- 自定义二进制转换器:比如图片类型、PDF、PPT、流媒体
package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.convert; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConversionException; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.util.UUID; public class ImageMessageConverter implements MessageConverter { @Override public Message toMessage(Object o, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException { throw new MessageConversionException(" convert error ! "); } @Override public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws MessageConversionException { System.err.println("----------------PDF MessageConverter-------------------"); Object _extName = message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().get("extName"); String extName = _extName == null ? "png" : _extName.toString(); byte[] body = message.getBody(); String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String path = "d:/010_test/" + fileName + "." + extName; File f = new File(path); try { Files.copy(new ByteArrayInputStream(body), f.toPath()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return f; } }
package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.convert; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConversionException; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.util.UUID; public class PDFMessageConverter implements MessageConverter { @Override public Message toMessage(Object o, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException { throw new MessageConversionException(" convert error ! "); } @Override public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws MessageConversionException { System.err.println("----------------PDF MessageConverter-------------------"); byte[] body = message.getBody(); String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String path = "d:/010_test/" + fileName + ".pdf"; File f = new File(path); try { Files.copy(new ByteArrayInputStream(body), f.toPath()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return f; } }
package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.convert; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConversionException; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter; public class TextMessageConverter implements MessageConverter { @Override public Message toMessage(Object o, MessageProperties messageProperties) throws MessageConversionException { return new Message(o.toString().getBytes(), messageProperties); } @Override public Object fromMessage(Message message) throws MessageConversionException { String contentType = message.getMessageProperties().getContentType(); if(null != contentType && contentType.contains("text")) { return new String(message.getBody()); } return message.getBody(); } }
package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.adapter.MessageDelegate; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.convert.ImageMessageConverter; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.convert.PDFMessageConverter; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.convert.TextMessageConverter; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.entity.Order; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.entity.Packaged; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.ChannelAwareMessageListener; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter; import org.springframework.amqp.support.ConsumerTagStrategy; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.ContentTypeDelegatingMessageConverter; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper; import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.UUID; /** * */ @Configuration @ComponentScan({"com.cx.temp.*"}) public class RabbitMQConfig { @Bean public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() { CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(); connectionFactory.setAddresses("127.0.0.1:5672"); connectionFactory.setUsername("root"); connectionFactory.setPassword("123456"); connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test001"); return connectionFactory; } public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory); rabbitAdmin.setAutoStartup(true); return rabbitAdmin; } /** * 针对消费者配置 * 1.设置交换机类型 * 2.将队列绑定到交换机 * FanoutExchange: 将消息分发到所有的绑定队列,无routingkey的概念 * HeadersExchange: 通过添加属性key-value匹配 * DirectExchange: 按照routingkey分发到指定队列 * TopicExchange: 多关键字匹配 * * @return */ @Bean public TopicExchange exchange001() { return new TopicExchange("topic001", true, false); } @Bean public Queue queue001() { return new Queue("queue001", true); //队列持久 } @Bean public Binding binding001() { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue001()).to(exchange001()).with("spring.*"); } @Bean public TopicExchange exchange002() { return new TopicExchange("topic002", true, false); } @Bean public Queue queue002() { return new Queue("queue002", true); //队列持久 } @Bean public Queue queue003() { return new Queue("queue003", true); //队列持久 } @Bean public Binding binding002() { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue002()).to(exchange002()).with("rabbit.*"); } @Bean public Binding binding003() { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue003()).to(exchange001()).with("mq.*"); } @Bean public Queue queue_image() { return new Queue("image_queue", true); //队列持久 } @Bean public Queue queue_pdf() { return new Queue("pdf_queue", true); //队列持久 } @Bean public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory); return rabbitTemplate; } @Bean public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(connectionFactory); container.setQueues(queue001(), queue002(), queue003(), queue_image(), queue_pdf()); container.setConcurrentConsumers(1); container.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(5); container.setDefaultRequeueRejected(false); //不进行重回队列 container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.AUTO); //自动签收机制 container.setConsumerTagStrategy(new ConsumerTagStrategy() { @Override public String createConsumerTag(String queue) { return queue + "_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString(); } }); // container.setMessageListener(new ChannelAwareMessageListener() { // @Override // public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception { // String msg = new String(message.getBody()); // System.err.println("-----------消费者:" + msg); // } // }); //第一种 // MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); // container.setMessageListener(adapter); //第二种 // MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); // adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage"); //也可以通过这个方法设置默认查找适配器对象的方法,默认的方法名是handleMessage //第三种 /** 1.适配器方式,默认是有自己的方法名称的:handleMessage //可以自己指定一个方法的名字:consumeMessage //也可以添加一个转换器:从字节数组转换String MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage"); adapter.setMessageConverter(new TextMessageConverter()); container.setMessageListener(adapter); */ /** * 2.适配器方式:我们的队列名称和方法名称也可以也进行一一匹配 */ // Map<String, String> queueOrTagToMethodName = new HashMap<>(); // queueOrTagToMethodName.put("queue001", "method1"); // queueOrTagToMethodName.put("queue002", "method2"); // // MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); // adapter.setQueueOrTagToMethodName(queueOrTagToMethodName); // adapter.setMessageConverter(new TextMessageConverter()); // container.setMessageListener(adapter); // 1.1 支持JSON格式的转换器 // MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); // adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage"); // Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(); // adapter.setMessageConverter(jackson2JsonMessageConverter); // container.setMessageListener(adapter); // 1.2 DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper & Jackson2JsonMessageConverter 支持Java对象转换 // MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); // adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage"); // Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(); // DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper javaTypeMapper = new DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper(); // jackson2JsonMessageConverter.setJavaTypeMapper(javaTypeMapper); // adapter.setMessageConverter(jackson2JsonMessageConverter); // container.setMessageListener(adapter); // 1.3 DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper & Jackson2JsonMessageConverter 支持Java对象多映射转换 // MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); // adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage"); // Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(); // DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper javaTypeMapper = new DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper(); // // Map<String, Class<?>> idClassMapping = new HashMap<>(); // idClassMapping.put("order", Order.class); // idClassMapping.put("packaged", Packaged.class); // javaTypeMapper.setIdClassMapping(idClassMapping); // jackson2JsonMessageConverter.setJavaTypeMapper(javaTypeMapper); // adapter.setMessageConverter(jackson2JsonMessageConverter); // container.setMessageListener(adapter); //1.4 ext convert MessageListenerAdapter adapter = new MessageListenerAdapter(new MessageDelegate()); adapter.setDefaultListenerMethod("consumeMessage"); //全局转换器: ContentTypeDelegatingMessageConverter convert = new ContentTypeDelegatingMessageConverter(); TextMessageConverter textMessageConverter = new TextMessageConverter(); convert.addDelegate("text", textMessageConverter); convert.addDelegate("html/text", textMessageConverter); convert.addDelegate("xml/text", textMessageConverter); convert.addDelegate("text/plan", textMessageConverter); Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(); convert.addDelegate("json", jackson2JsonMessageConverter); convert.addDelegate("application/json", jackson2JsonMessageConverter); ImageMessageConverter imageMessageConverter = new ImageMessageConverter(); convert.addDelegate("image/png", imageMessageConverter); convert.addDelegate("image", imageMessageConverter); PDFMessageConverter pdfMessageConverter = new PDFMessageConverter(); convert.addDelegate("application/pdf", pdfMessageConverter); adapter.setMessageConverter(convert); container.setMessageListener(adapter); return container; } }
package com.cx.temp.rabbitmq; import com.cx.temp.admin.AdminApplication; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.entity.Order; import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.entity.Packaged; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import java.io.File; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.util.HashMap; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = AdminApplication.class) public class RabbitMQTest { @Autowired private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin; @Test public void testAdmin() throws Exception { //第一种声明与绑定方式 rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new DirectExchange("test.direct", false, false)); rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("test.topic", false, false)); rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new FanoutExchange("test.fanout", false, false)); rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("test.direct.queue", false)); rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("test.topic.queue", false)); rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("test.fanout.queue", false)); rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("test.direct.queue", Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, "test.direct", "direct", new HashMap<>())); //第二种 支持链式声明与绑定 rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(BindingBuilder .bind(new Queue("test.topic.queue", false)) .to(new TopicExchange("test.topic", false, false)) .with("user.#")); rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(BindingBuilder .bind(new Queue("test.fanout.queue", false)) .to(new FanoutExchange("test.fanout", false, false))); //清空队列数据 rabbitAdmin.purgeQueue("test.topic.queue", false); } @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; @Test public void testSendMessage() throws Exception { //1 创建消息 MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.getHeaders().put("desc", "信息描述.."); messageProperties.getHeaders().put("type", "自定义消息类型.."); Message message = new Message("Hello RabbitMQ".getBytes(), messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic001", "spring.amqp", message, new MessagePostProcessor() { //消息发送之后在对这个message进行设置 @Override public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException { System.err.println("----------添加额外的设置-----------"); message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put("desc", "额外修改的信息描述"); message.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put("attr", "额外新加的属性"); return message; } }); } @Test public void testSendMessage2() throws Exception { //1 创建消息 MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setContentType("text/plain"); Message message = new Message("mq 消息1234".getBytes(), messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.abc",message); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic001", "spring.amqp", "hello object message send!"); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topic002", "rabbit.amqp", "hello object message send!"); } @Test public void testSendMessage4Text() throws Exception { //1 创建消息 MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setContentType("text/plain"); Message message = new Message("mq 消息1234".getBytes(), messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.abc",message); rabbitTemplate.send("topic002", "rabbit.abc",message); } @Test public void testSendJsonMessage() throws Exception { Order order = new Order(); order.setId("001"); order.setName("消息订单"); order.setContent("描述信息"); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(order); System.err.println("order 4 json" + json); MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); //这里注意一定要修改contentType为application/json messageProperties.setContentType("application/json"); Message message = new Message(json.getBytes(), messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.order",message); } @Test public void testSendJavaMessage() throws Exception { Order order = new Order(); order.setId("001"); order.setName("消息订单"); order.setContent("描述信息"); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(order); System.err.println("order 4 json" + json); MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); //这里注意一定要修改contentType为application/json messageProperties.setContentType("application/json"); messageProperties.getHeaders().put("__TypeId__", "com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.spring.entity.Order"); Message message = new Message(json.getBytes(), messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.order",message); } @Test public void testSendMappingMessage() throws Exception { ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); Order order = new Order(); order.setId("001"); order.setName("消息订单"); order.setContent("描述信息"); String json1 = mapper.writeValueAsString(order); System.err.println("order 4 json" + json1); MessageProperties messageProperties1 = new MessageProperties(); //这里注意一定要修改contentType为application/json messageProperties1.setContentType("application/json"); messageProperties1.getHeaders().put("__TypeId__", "order"); Message message1 = new Message(json1.getBytes(), messageProperties1); rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.order", message1); Packaged pack = new Packaged(); pack.setId("002"); pack.setName("包裹消息"); pack.setDescription("包裹描述消息"); String json2 = mapper.writeValueAsString(pack); System.err.println("pack 4 json" + json2); MessageProperties messageProperties2 = new MessageProperties(); //这里注意一定要修改contentType为application/json messageProperties2.setContentType("application/json"); messageProperties2.getHeaders().put("__TypeId__", "packaged"); Message message2 = new Message(json2.getBytes(), messageProperties2); rabbitTemplate.send("topic001", "spring.pack", message2); }
@Test public void testSendExtConverterMessage() throws Exception { byte[] body = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("d://002_books", "picture.png")); MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setContentType("image/png"); messageProperties.getHeaders().put("extName", "png"); Message message = new Message(body, messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.send("", "image_queue",message); // byte[] body = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("d://002_books", "mysql.pdf")); // MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); // messageProperties.setContentType("application/pdf"); // // Message message = new Message(body, messageProperties); // // rabbitTemplate.send("", "pdf_queue",message); } }