• 006 python语法_002 list/字典/集合


    /*
    时间:2018/10/01
    目录: 
      一: list
              1 基本用法
      二: 字典 
              1 语法1
              2 语法2
          3 语法3   三: 集合
          1 用法 - {}
          2 用法 - set
          3 集合运算
    */

    一: list
      1 基本用法

    # coding:utf-8
    
    list = []
    print(list)
    print(type(list))
    
    nInt = 12
    fFloat = 12.12
    bTrue = True
    bFalse = False
    strString = "12.12"
    
    # 尾部插入
    list.append(nInt)
    list.append(fFloat)
    list.append(True)
    list.append(False)
    list.append(strString)
    print(list)
    
    # 指定插入
    list.insert(1, "insert")    # 插入位置 - 索引为1
    print(list)
    
    # 删除尾部
    list.pop()
    print(list)
    
    # 指定删除
    list.pop(2)     # 删除位置 - 索引为1
    print(list)
    
    # 指定删除
    del list[0]     # 删除位置 - 索引为0
    print(list)
    
    # 数据修改
    list[0] = 22
    print(list)
    []
    <class 'list'>
    [12, 12.12, True, False, '12.12']
    [12, 'insert', 12.12, True, False, '12.12']
    [12, 'insert', 12.12, True, False]
    [12, 'insert', True, False]
    ['insert', True, False]
    [22, True, False]

    二: 字典

    1 字典可以嵌套字典
    2 字典内容是无序的
    3 字典key值是唯一的

      1 语法1

    # coding:utf-8
    
    Dictionary = {
        1: 999999,
        12.12: "12.12",
        "a": "",
        "b": 123,
        "dict": {
            1: 123456,
            12.12: "12.12",
            "a": "",
            "b": 123,
            "test": {
                'KK': "mm",
                "jj": "nn"
            }
        }
    }
    print(Dictionary.keys())
    
    # 查询
    print(Dictionary[1])
    
    print(Dictionary["dict"][1])
    print(Dictionary["dict"]["test"]["KK"])
    
    print(Dictionary)
    print(Dictionary["b"])
    
    # 增加内容
    Dictionary["asd"] = "123456"
    print(Dictionary)
    
    # 修改内容
    Dictionary[1] = "111111"        # 进行覆盖
    print(Dictionary)
    
    Dictionary["asd"] = "111111"    # 进行覆盖
    print(Dictionary)
    
    # 删除内容
    del(Dictionary["dict"])
    print(Dictionary)
    
    print(Dictionary.keys())
    dict_keys([1, 12.12, 'a', 'b', 'dict'])
    999999
    123456
    mm
    {1: 999999, 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'dict': {1: 123456, 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'test': {'KK': 'mm', 'jj': 'nn'}}}
    123
    {1: 999999, 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'dict': {1: 123456, 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'test': {'KK': 'mm', 'jj': 'nn'}}, 'asd': '123456'}
    {1: '111111', 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'dict': {1: 123456, 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'test': {'KK': 'mm', 'jj': 'nn'}}, 'asd': '123456'}
    {1: '111111', 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'dict': {1: 123456, 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'test': {'KK': 'mm', 'jj': 'nn'}}, 'asd': '111111'}
    {1: '111111', 12.12: '12.12', 'a': '', 'b': 123, 'asd': '111111'}
    dict_keys([1, 12.12, 'a', 'b', 'asd'])

      2 语法2

    # coding:utf-8
    
    dicts = {"username":"zhangsan", "password":123456}
    print(dicts.keys())
    print(dicts.values())
    print(dicts.items())
    
    for key, value in dicts.items():
        print("%r is %r" %(key, value))
    dict_keys(['username', 'password'])
    dict_values(['zhangsan', 123456])
    dict_items([('username', 'zhangsan'), ('password', 123456)])
    'username' is 'zhangsan'
    'password' is 123456

       

      3 语法3

    # coding:utf-8
    nNum = 255
    strNum = "123"
    token = "xxxxxxx"
    dict = {
        "nNum": nNum,
        "strNum": strNum,
        "strName": "My Name is %s, My age is %d" %(strNum, nNum),
        "list": [1, 2, nNum, 3],
        "token": token
    }
    
    print(dict)
    {'nNum': 255, 'strNum': '123', 'strName': 'My Name is 123, My age is 255', 'list': [1, 2, 255, 3], 'token': 'xxxxxxx'}

    三: 集合

    1 集合是一个无序的不重复元素序列。
    2 使用大括号{ }或者set()函数创建集合,
    3 创建一个空集合必须用set()而不是{ },因为{ }是用来创建一个空字典。

      1 用法 - {}

    # coding:utf-8
    basket = {'apple', 'orange', 'apple', 'pear', 'orange', 'banana'}
    
    # 显示打印
    print(basket)           # 显示集合 - 元素去重
    print(len(basket))      # 显示个数 - 元素个数
    print(type(basket))     # 显示类型 - basket
    
    # 判断包含
    print('orange' in basket)   # 判断包含
    print('abc' in basket)      # 判断包含
    
    print('abc' not in basket)      # 判断不包含
    print('orange' not in basket)   # 判断不包含
    
    # 增加元素
    basket.add("kkk")
    print(basket)
    
    basket.update({"ZZZ"})
    print(basket)
    
    # 删除元素
    basket.remove('apple')
    print(basket)
    # Run Result
    {'orange', 'banana', 'pear', 'apple'}
    4
    <class 'set'>
    True
    False
    True
    False
    {'orange', 'kkk', 'banana', 'pear', 'apple'}
    {'orange', 'kkk', 'banana', 'pear', 'apple', 'ZZZ'}
    {'orange', 'kkk', 'banana', 'pear', 'ZZZ'}

      2 用法 - set

    # coding:utf-8
    thisSet = set(("google", "baidu", "bing"))
    print(thisSet)            # 显示集合
    print(type(thisSet))    # 显示类型
    thisSet.add("Facebook")    # 增加元素
    print(thisSet)            # 显示集合
    # Run Result
    {'baidu', 'google', 'bing'}
    <class 'set'>
    {'Facebook', 'baidu', 'google', 'bing'}

      3 集合运算

    # coding:utf-8
    a = set('abracadabraK')
    b = set('alacazam')
    print(a)
    print(type(a))
    print(b)
    print(type(b))
    
    print(a - b)    # 显示元素 - b集合中不包含a集合
    print(b - a)    # 显示元素 - a集合中不包含b集合
    
    print(a | b)    # 显示元素 : a和b集合所有元素 - 不重复
    print(a & b)    # 显示元素 - a和b集合都包含的元素
    print(a ^ b)    # 显示元素 - 不同时包含于a和b的元素
    # Run Result
    {'a', 'd', 'c', 'K', 'b', 'r'}
    <class 'set'>
    {'z', 'm', 'a', 'l', 'c'}
    <class 'set'>
    {'K', 'b', 'r', 'd'}
    {'l', 'z', 'm'}
    {'z', 'm', 'd', 'a', 'c', 'K', 'l', 'b', 'r'}
    {'a', 'c'}
    {'K', 'b', 'z', 'm', 'l', 'r', 'd'}
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/huafan/p/9735916.html
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