• sql分页优化


    一.sql分页:先分页后多表连接查询
    declare @row int;
    select @row=COUNT(*) from BS_Subject where 1=1;
    SELECT TOP 10 @row as Record, a.*,c.ClassName FROM BS_Subject a left join BS_Class c on a.ClassID=c.ClassID  WHERE 1=1 and a.ID 
    not IN(SELECT TOP 1000000 ID FROM BS_Subject 
    where 1=1 ORDER BY ID desc)ORDER BY a.ID desc

    虽然这样可以快速查询出来,但是在程序里不好调用。

    二.存储过程分页:单表,多表,多字段排序,总数

    create PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_PagingLarge]
    @TableNames VARCHAR(200),    --表名,可以是多个表,但不能用别名
    @PrimaryKey VARCHAR(100),    --主键,可以为空,但@Order为空时该值不能为空
    @Fields    VARCHAR(200),        --要取出的字段,可以是多个表的字段,可以为空,为空表示select *
    @PageSize INT,            --每页记录数
    @CurrentPage INT,        --当前页,0表示第1页
    @Filter VARCHAR(200) = '',    --条件,可以为空,不用填 where
    @Group VARCHAR(200) = '',    --分组依据,可以为空,不用填 group by
    @Order VARCHAR(200) = '',    --排序,可以为空,为空默认按主键升序排列,不用填 order by
    @RecordCount int  --返回总页数 1只返回总数,0只返回当前页数据,2返回总数并返回当前页数据
    AS
    BEGIN
        DECLARE @SortColumn VARCHAR(200)
        DECLARE @Operator CHAR(2)
        DECLARE @SortTable VARCHAR(200)
        DECLARE @SortName VARCHAR(200)
        declare @strSQL varchar(500)
        
        if @RecordCount=1
        begin
            IF @Filter = ''
            begin
                set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from ' + @TableNames
            end
            else 
            begin
                set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from ' + @TableNames + ' where '+@Filter
            end
            exec (@strSQL);
        end
        else
        begin
            IF @Fields = ''
                SET @Fields = '*'
            IF @Filter = ''
                SET @Filter = 'WHERE 1=1'
            ELSE
                SET @Filter = 'WHERE ' +  @Filter
            IF @Group <>''
                SET @Group = 'GROUP BY ' + @Group
    
            IF @Order <> ''
            BEGIN
                DECLARE @pos1 INT, @pos2 INT
                SET @Order = REPLACE(REPLACE(@Order, ' asc', ' ASC'), ' desc', ' DESC')
                IF CHARINDEX(' DESC', @Order) > 0
                    IF CHARINDEX(' ASC', @Order) > 0
                    BEGIN
                        IF CHARINDEX(' DESC', @Order) < CHARINDEX(' ASC', @Order)
                            SET @Operator = '<='
                        ELSE
                            SET @Operator = '>='
                    END
                    ELSE
                        SET @Operator = '<='
                ELSE
                    SET @Operator = '>='
                SET @SortColumn = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@Order, ' ASC', ''), ' DESC', ''), ' ', '')
                SET @pos1 = CHARINDEX(',', @SortColumn)
                IF @pos1 > 0
                    SET @SortColumn = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, 1, @pos1-1)
                SET @pos2 = CHARINDEX('.', @SortColumn)
                IF @pos2 > 0
                BEGIN
                    SET @SortTable = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, 1, @pos2-1)
                    IF @pos1 > 0 
                        SET @SortName = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, @pos2+1, @pos1-@pos2-1)
                    ELSE
                        SET @SortName = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, @pos2+1, LEN(@SortColumn)-@pos2)
                END
                ELSE
                BEGIN
                    SET @SortTable = @TableNames
                    SET @SortName = @SortColumn
                END
            END
            ELSE
            BEGIN
                SET @SortColumn = @PrimaryKey
                SET @SortTable = @TableNames
                SET @SortName = @SortColumn
                SET @Order = @SortColumn
                SET @Operator = '>='
            END
    
            DECLARE @type varchar(50)
            DECLARE @prec int
            SELECT @type=t.name, @prec=c.prec
            FROM sysobjects o 
            JOIN syscolumns c on o.id=c.id
            JOIN systypes t on c.xusertype=t.xusertype
            WHERE o.name = @SortTable AND c.name = @SortName
            IF CHARINDEX('char', @type) > 0
            SET @type = @type + '(' + CAST(@prec AS varchar) + ')'
    
            DECLARE @TopRows INT
            SET @TopRows = @PageSize * @CurrentPage + 1
            print @TopRows
            print @Operator
            
            if @RecordCount=2
            begin
                IF @Filter = ''
                begin
                    set @strSQL = 'declare @PageRecordNumber int;select @PageRecordNumber=count(*) from ' + @TableNames+';'
                end
                else 
                begin
                    set @strSQL = 'declare @PageRecordNumber int;select @PageRecordNumber=count(*) from ' + @TableNames+' '+@Filter+';'
                end
    
                EXEC(@strSQL+'
                    DECLARE @SortColumnBegin ' + @type + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @TopRows + '
                    SELECT @SortColumnBegin=' + @SortColumn + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter + ' ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @PageSize + '
                    SELECT ' + @Fields + ',@PageRecordNumber as Page_RecordNumber FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter  + ' AND ' + @SortColumn + '' + @Operator + '@SortColumnBegin ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '    
                ') 
            end
            else 
            begin
                EXEC('
                    DECLARE @SortColumnBegin ' + @type + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @TopRows + '
                    SELECT @SortColumnBegin=' + @SortColumn + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter + ' ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @PageSize + '
                    SELECT ' + @Fields + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter  + ' AND ' + @SortColumn + '' + @Operator + '@SortColumnBegin ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '    
                ') 
            end
            
        end   
    END

    调用

    declare   @ct   datetime   
      set   @ct   =   getdate()  
      
       EXEC usp_PagingLarge 'BS_Acode left join BS_Class on BS_Acode.ClassID=BS_Class.ClassID',
      'BS_Acode.ID','BS_Acode.*,BS_Class.ClassName',10,100,'','',
      'BS_Acode.ID desc,BS_Acode.CreateDate desc',2
      
    select   datediff(ms,   @ct   ,getdate())   as   '查询时间(毫秒)' 

    搜索了好多分页的存储过程,这个是挺好用的。可以支持单表、多表的查询,还可以排序(多字段排序),也可以返回总数,效率也好。之前用的一个,在前面的页数的时候查询很快,当到中后的页面的时候非常慢。

    证明设置索引的必要性,我之前并相信设置这玩意儿会带来什么,关键是自己真不知道怎么看。其实是自己愚笨,不懂用了之后就说他没用。另外,非常确定ordery by真的能不用就用,经过尝试加上非常影响效率。

    好友的总结,我收下了:

    1.表的主键、外键必须有索引

    2.数据量超过300的表应该有索引

    3.经常与其他表进行连接的表,在连接字段上应该建立索引

    4.经常出现在where字句中的字段,特别是大表的字段,应该建立索引

    5.索引应该建在选择性高的字段上

    6.索引应该建在小字段上,对于大的文本字段甚至超长字段,不要建立索引

    7.复合索引的建立需要进行仔细分析;尽量考虑用单字段索引代替

     分页注意点:分页的时候一定要确保每一条数据都尤其自己的位置(顺序),比如按照热度排序的时候,就得order by 热度,发表时间,主键

    这样就可以避免了在相同热度,相同发表时间里,再按照主键排序,就能将每个数据确定他的位置了。

    -------------好多东西都是需要慢慢完善的,再自己没有发现的时候,它都是最好的-------------------

    ---上面的存储过程分页在分组查询的时候,不能order by分组字段。修改了一下,现在可以了

    ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_PagingLarge]
    @TableNames VARCHAR(500),    --表名,可以是多个表,但不能用别名
    @PrimaryKey VARCHAR(500),    --主键,可以为空,但@Order为空时该值不能为空
    @Fields    VARCHAR(500),        --要取出的字段,可以是多个表的字段,可以为空,为空表示select *
    @PageSize INT,            --每页记录数
    @CurrentPage INT,        --当前页,0表示第1页
    @Filter VARCHAR(500) = '',    --条件,可以为空,不用填 where
    @Group VARCHAR(500) = '',    --分组依据,可以为空,不用填 group by
    @Order VARCHAR(500) = '',    --排序,可以为空,为空默认按主键升序排列,不用填 order by
    @RecordCount int  --返回总页数 1只返回总数,0只返回当前页数据,2返回总数并返回当前页数据
    AS
    BEGIN
        DECLARE @SortColumn VARCHAR(200)
        DECLARE @Operator CHAR(2)
        DECLARE @SortTable VARCHAR(200)
        DECLARE @SortName VARCHAR(200)
        declare @strSQL varchar(500)
        
        if @RecordCount=1
        begin
            IF @Filter = ''
            begin
                set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from ' + @TableNames
            end
            else 
            begin
                set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from ' + @TableNames + ' where '+@Filter
            end
            exec (@strSQL);
        end
        else
        begin
            IF @Fields = ''
                SET @Fields = '*'
            IF @Filter = ''
            begin
                IF @Group <>''
                begin
                 SET @Filter = 'having 1=1'
                end
                else
                begin
                 SET @Filter = 'WHERE 1=1'
                end
            end
            ELSE
            begin
                IF @Group <>''
                begin
                 SET @Filter = 'having '+@Filter
                end
                else
                begin
                 SET @Filter = 'WHERE ' +  @Filter
                end
            end
            IF @Group <>''
                SET @Group = 'GROUP BY ' + @Group
    
            IF @Order <> ''
            BEGIN
                DECLARE @pos1 INT, @pos2 INT
                SET @Order = REPLACE(REPLACE(@Order, ' asc', ' ASC'), ' desc', ' DESC')
                IF CHARINDEX(' DESC', @Order) > 0
                    IF CHARINDEX(' ASC', @Order) > 0
                    BEGIN
                        IF CHARINDEX(' DESC', @Order) < CHARINDEX(' ASC', @Order)
                            SET @Operator = '<='
                        ELSE
                            SET @Operator = '>='
                    END
                    ELSE
                        SET @Operator = '<='
                ELSE
                    SET @Operator = '>='
                SET @SortColumn = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@Order, ' ASC', ''), ' DESC', ''), ' ', '')
                SET @pos1 = CHARINDEX(',', @SortColumn)
                IF @pos1 > 0
                    SET @SortColumn = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, 1, @pos1-1)
                SET @pos2 = CHARINDEX('.', @SortColumn)
                IF @pos2 > 0
                BEGIN
                    SET @SortTable = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, 1, @pos2-1)
                    IF @pos1 > 0 
                        SET @SortName = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, @pos2+1, @pos1-@pos2-1)
                    ELSE
                        SET @SortName = SUBSTRING(@SortColumn, @pos2+1, LEN(@SortColumn)-@pos2)
                END
                ELSE
                BEGIN
                    SET @SortTable = @TableNames
                    SET @SortName = @SortColumn
                END
            END
            ELSE
            BEGIN
                SET @SortColumn = @PrimaryKey
                SET @SortTable = @TableNames
                SET @SortName = @SortColumn
                SET @Order = @SortColumn
                SET @Operator = '>='
            END
    
            DECLARE @type varchar(50)
            DECLARE @prec int
            SELECT @type=t.name, @prec=c.prec
            FROM sysobjects o 
            JOIN syscolumns c on o.id=c.id
            JOIN systypes t on c.xusertype=t.xusertype
            WHERE o.name = @SortTable AND c.name = @SortName
            
            IF CHARINDEX('char', @type) > 0
            begin
              SET @type = @type + '(' + CAST(@prec AS varchar) + ')'
            end
    
            if @type is null and @Group<>''
            begin
              set @type='int'
            end
    
    
            DECLARE @TopRows INT
            SET @TopRows = @PageSize * @CurrentPage + 1
            
            if @RecordCount=2
            begin
                IF @Filter = ''
                begin
                    set @strSQL = 'declare @PageRecordNumber int;select @PageRecordNumber=count(*) from ' + @TableNames+';'
                end
                else 
                begin
                    set @strSQL = 'declare @PageRecordNumber int;select @PageRecordNumber=count(*) from ' + @TableNames+' '+replace(@Filter,'having','where')+';'
                end
    
                IF @Group <>''
                begin
                    --把分组和不分组的查询分开,查询条件和位置不一样
                   EXEC(@strSQL+'
                    DECLARE @SortColumnBegin ' + @type + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @TopRows + '
                    SELECT @SortColumnBegin=' + @SortColumn + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames  + ' ' + @Group+' '+@Filter + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @PageSize + '
                    SELECT ' + @Fields + ',@PageRecordNumber as Page_RecordNumber FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Group+' '+@Filter  + ' AND ' + @SortColumn + '' + @Operator + '@SortColumnBegin ' + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '    
                ') 
                end
                else
                begin
                    EXEC(@strSQL+'
                    DECLARE @SortColumnBegin ' + @type + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @TopRows + '
                    SELECT @SortColumnBegin=' + @SortColumn + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter + ' ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @PageSize + '
                    SELECT ' + @Fields + ',@PageRecordNumber as Page_RecordNumber FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter  + ' AND ' + @SortColumn + '' + @Operator + '@SortColumnBegin ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '    
                ') 
                end
            end
            else 
            begin 
                IF @Group <>''
                begin
                    --把分组和不分组的查询分开,查询条件和位置不一样
                    EXEC('
                    DECLARE @SortColumnBegin ' + @type + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @TopRows + '
                    SELECT @SortColumnBegin=' + @SortColumn + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames  + ' ' + @Group +' '+@Filter+ ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @PageSize + '
                    SELECT ' + @Fields + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames +' '+  @Group+' '+ @Filter  + ' AND ' + @SortColumn + '' + @Operator + '@SortColumnBegin ' + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '    
                ')
                end
                else
                begin
                    EXEC('
                    DECLARE @SortColumnBegin ' + @type + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @TopRows + '
                    SELECT @SortColumnBegin=' + @SortColumn + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames + ' ' + @Filter + ' ' + @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '
                    SET ROWCOUNT ' + @PageSize + '
                    SELECT ' + @Fields + ' FROM  ' + @TableNames +' '+ @Filter  + ' AND ' + @SortColumn + '' + @Operator + '@SortColumnBegin ' +  @Group + ' ORDER BY ' + @Order + '    
                ')
                end    
            end
            
        end   
    END
    EXEC    usp_PagingLarge
            @TableNames = N'User_ExchangeGoods left join User_ExchangeOrder on User_ExchangeGoods.GID=User_ExchangeOrder.GoodsID',
            @PrimaryKey = N'User_ExchangeGoods.GID',
            @Fields = N'User_ExchangeGoods.GID,User_ExchangeGoods.GoodsName,User_ExchangeGoods.GoodsPrice,User_ExchangeGoods.ExchangeIntegral,cast(User_ExchangeGoods.GoodsPictures as varchar(max)) as GoodsPictures',
            @PageSize = 10,
            @CurrentPage = 0,
            @Filter = '1=1',
            @Group = N'User_ExchangeGoods.GID,User_ExchangeGoods.GoodsName,User_ExchangeGoods.GoodsPrice,User_ExchangeGoods.ExchangeIntegral,cast(User_ExchangeGoods.GoodsPictures as varchar(max))',
            @Order = 'COUNT(User_ExchangeOrder.GoodsID) desc',
            @RecordCount = 0

    上面,GoodPictures类型是text,会报错“不能比较或排序 text、ntext 和 image 数据类型,除非使用 IS NULL 或 LIKE 运算符。”,转换一下即可。

     但是分页存储过程当有两个字段排序时,第二个排序无效。

     ——————————————————————————

    事实上上面的存储过程并不是通用的,个别情况的时候还是得自己写一个分页sql。

    SELECT TOP 页大小 *
    FROMWHERE (ID NOT IN
              (SELECT TOP 页大小*页数 id
             FROMORDER BY id))
    ORDER BY ID
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hougelou/p/3511323.html
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