1.创建文件流,打开EXCEL文件
FileInputStream excelFile = new FileInputStream(excelPath); XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(excelFile);
2.切换到对应文件名
XSSFSheet excelSheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);
3.获取实际行数和列数
int rows = excelSheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); //行数 int cols = excelSheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();//列数
4.读取数据
public static String ReadData(XSSFSheet excelSheet, int row, int col){ try{ String CellData= ""; XSSFCell cell = excelSheet.getRow(row).getCell(col); if(cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC){ cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); CellData = cell.getStringCellValue(); } else if(cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING){ CellData = cell.getStringCellValue(); } else if(cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA){ CellData = cell.getCellFormula(); } return CellData; }catch(Exception e){ return ""; } }
示例:
import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; public class Excel { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String excelPath = "F:\login.xlsx"; String sheetName = "001"; try{ FileInputStream excelFile = new FileInputStream(excelPath); XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(excelFile); XSSFSheet excelSheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName); int rows = excelSheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); //行数 int cols = excelSheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();//列数 for(int row = 0;row< rows; ++row){ for (int col =0; col < cols; ++col){ System.out.print(ReadData(excelSheet, row, col) + ' '); if(col ==1) System.out.println(); } } workbook.close(); }catch (FileNotFoundException e ){ System.out.println("找不到该文件"); } } public static String ReadData(XSSFSheet excelSheet, int row, int col){ try{ String CellData= ""; XSSFCell cell = excelSheet.getRow(row).getCell(col); cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); CellData = cell.getStringCellValue(); return CellData; }catch(Exception e){ return ""; } } }
输出结果:
5.写入excel
同样我们一开始先来想下手工写入数据流程
1:打开EXCEL
2:指定Sheet
3: 指定行号
4:指定列号
5:写入数据
6:保存数据
了解了操作流程,我们就将思想转为成代码其实1,2,3,4
我们在读Excel时就已写过,但这里要注意下,我们在读Excel时是不是已有数据,那也就是说每个单元格中已有内容,我们用getRow(行号)不是空值对吗,如果我们要往一个没有值的单元格写值时一开始那个行号是空值,所以我们第三步应改为创建一个行号,第四步改为创一个列号创建行号
我们可以用CreateRow(行号)在创建行号时,我们要想一个问題,我们一开始创建了第一行,并写入一个值到单元格中,比如我想写入一个结果到第一行第二个单元格时也是先创建一行吗,如果再用创建方式生成第一行,那前一次写入的数据会不会不存在呢,实际上是会被删掉的,这个自已可以去试试
所以我们代码实现应是这样一开始用getrow(1)如果反回的值是空值,那就用CreateRow的方式,如果不是空值我就用GetRow(1)
public static void setData(int row, int col, String sheetName, String Data, String WriteExcelPath) throws IOException{ try{ FileInputStream excelFile = new FileInputStream(WriteExcelPath); XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(excelFile); XSSFSheet excelSheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName); XSSFRow Row = excelSheet.getRow(row); if(Row == null) Row = excelSheet.createRow(row); XSSFCell Cell = Row.getCell(col); if(Cell == null ) Cell = Row.createCell(col); Cell.setCellValue(Data); FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(WriteExcelPath); workbook.write(fileOut); fileOut.close(); workbook.close(); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("数据写入错误"); } }