Requests抓取火车票数据

1.数据接口

https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=ADULT&queryDate=2016-08-01&from_station=NCG&to_station=CZQ

返回的是2016-8-01南昌到郴州的火车票信息,格式为json。

数据如下：

{
    "validateMessagesShowId":"_validatorMessage",
    "status":true,"httpstatus":200,
    "data":{
            "datas":[
                        {
                             "train_no":"5u000G140101",
                             "station_train_code":"G1401",
                             "start_station_telecode":"NXG",
                             "start_station_name":"南昌西",
                             "end_station_telecode":"IZQ",
                             "end_station_name":"广州南",
                             "from_station_telecode":"NXG",
                             "from_station_name":"南昌西",
                             "to_station_telecode":"ICQ",
                             "to_station_name":"郴州西",
                             "start_time":"07:29",
                             "arrive_time":"10:42",
                             "day_difference":"0",
                             ...
                             "swz_num":"无"
                        },
                        {
                              ...
                        }
                    ]
}

2.获取GZ到深圳火车票数据

import requests
import json

class trainTicketsSprider:

    def getTicketsInfo(self,purpose_codes,queryDate,from_station,to_station):
        self.url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=%s&queryDate=%s&from_station=%s&to_station=%s' %(purpose_codes,queryDate,from_station,to_station)
        self.headers = {
                    "Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;",
                    "Accept-Encoding":"gzip",
                    "Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8",
                    "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.90 Safari/537.36"
                  }
        self.TicketSession = requests.Session()
        self.TicketSession.verify = False #关闭https验证
        self.TicketSession.headers = self.headers
        try:
            self.resp_json = self.TicketSession.get(self.url)
            self.ticketsDatas = json.loads(self.resp_json.text)["data"]["datas"]
            return self.ticketsDatas
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

def isZero(num):
    if num == '--' or '无':
        return '0'
    else:
        return num

def main():
    purpose_codes = 'ADULT'
    queryDate = '2016-08-01'
    from_station = 'GZQ'
    to_station = 'SZQ'
    TicketSprider = trainTicketsSprider()
    res= TicketSprider.getTicketsInfo(purpose_codes,queryDate,from_station,to_station)
    for i,ticketInfo in enumerate(res):
                print(u"车次:%s" %ticketInfo["station_train_code"])
                print(u"起始站:%s" %ticketInfo["start_station_name"])
                print(u"目的地:%s" %ticketInfo["to_station_name"])
                print(u"开车时间:%s" %ticketInfo["start_time"])
                print(u"到达时间:%s" %ticketInfo["arrive_time"])
                print(u"二等座还剩:%s张票" %(ticketInfo["ze_num"]))
                print(u"一等座还剩:%s张票" % (ticketInfo["zy_num"]))
                print(u"商务座还剩:%s张票" %(ticketInfo["swz_num"]))print(u"无座还剩:%s张票" %(ticketInfo["wz_num"]))
                print(u"是否有票:%s" %ticketInfo["canWebBuy"])
                print("**********************************")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

结果如下：

车次:G6205
起始站:广州南
目的地:深圳北
开车时间:07:20
到达时间:07:57
二等座还剩:708张票
一等座还剩:108张票
商务座还剩:24张票
无座还剩:无张票
是否有票:Y