一、背景
处理json格式的字符串,key值一定为String类型,但value不确定是什么类型,也可能嵌套json字符串,以下是使用 JSON.parseFull 来解析多层json。
二、实例代码
import collection.mutable.Map import scala.util.parsing.json._ def regJson(json:Option[Any]) = json match { //转换类型 case Some(map:collection.immutable.Map[String, Any]) => map } def str_json(string_json:String):collection.immutable.Map[String,Any]= { var first :collection.immutable.Map[String, Any] = collection.immutable.Map() val jsonS = JSON.parseFull(string_json) //不确定数据的类型时,此处加异常判断 if (jsonS.isInstanceOf[Option[Any]]){ first = regJson(jsonS) } first } val jsonStr = """{"id":"1", "name":"jack","detail_info":{"age":"18","sex":"man"}}""" val parse_str = str_json(jsonStr) //parse_str: scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,Any] = Map(id -> 1, name -> jack, detail_info -> Map(age -> 18, sex -> man)) val id = parse_str("id") //res7: Any = 1,此处为Any类型,一定要在使用前转换为原有类型,可以用asInstanceOf函数 val id_str = parse_str("id").toString //res8: String = 1 val detail_info = parse_str("detail_info") //res9: Any = Map(age -> 18, sex -> man) //val parse_str("detail_info").asInstanceOf[Map[String, String]] //提示错误:java.lang.ClassCastException: scala.collection.immutable.Map$Map2 cannot be cast to scala.collection.mutable.Map。注意Map类型 val parse_detail = parse_str("detail_info").asInstanceOf[scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,Any]] //parse_detail: scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,Any] = Map(age -> 18, sex -> man) val sex_str = parse_detail("sex").toString //res14: String = man val parse_detail = parse_str("detail_info").asInstanceOf[scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,Any]]
三、分析
以上代码中,需要注意的两点是(1)类型转换时,默认的Map为 scala.collection.immutable.Map,由于第一行声明了可变Map类型,所在在后期 asInstanceOf ()嵌套的json格式字符串时,需要显示声明不可变map类型。(2)由于不确定json字符串的值类型,需要使用Any类型预定义,在具体解析某个字段时,必须用 asInstanceOf() 来解析成原有的数据类型,否则会报错。