springMVC提供了处理JSON格式请求/响应的HttpMessageConverter
MappingJckson2HttpMessageConverter利用Jackson开源类包处理JSON格式的请求或响应
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>JSON格式的数据接受</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/json2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function () {
testRequestBody();
});
function testRequestBody() {
$.ajax("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/json/testRequestBody",// 发送请求的URL字符串。
{
dataType: "json", // 预期服务器返回的数据类型。
type: "post", // 请求方式 POST或GET
contentType: "application/json", // 发送信息至服务器时的内容编码类型
// 发送到服务器的数据。
data: JSON.stringify({id: 1, name: "张三"}),
async: true, // 默认设置下，所有请求均为异步请求。如果设置为false，则发送同步请求
// 请求成功后的回调函数。
success: function (data) {
console.log(data);
$("#id").html(data.id);
$("#name").html(data.name);
$("#author").html(data.author);
},
// 请求出错时调用的函数
error: function () {
alert("数据发送失败");
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
编号：<span id="id"></span><br>
书名：<span id="name"></span><br>
作者：<span id="author"></span><br>
</body>
</html>
BookController.java
package com.rookie.bigdata.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.rookie.bigdata.domain.Book;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/json")
public class BookController {
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(BookController.class);
// @RequestBody根据json数据，转换成对应的Object
@RequestMapping(value="/testRequestBody")
public void setJson(@RequestBody Book book,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
// ObjectMapper类是Jackson库的主要类。它提供一些功能将Java对象转换成对应的JSON格式的数据
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
// 将book对象转换成json输出
logger.info(mapper.writeValueAsString(book) );
book.setAuthor("许文强");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 将book对象转换成json写出到客户端
response.getWriter().println(mapper.writeValueAsString(book));
}
}
springmvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
<!-- spring可以自动去扫描base-pack下面的包或者子包下面的java文件，
如果扫描到有Spring的相关注解的类，则把这些类注册为Spring的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.fkit.controller"/>
<!-- 设置配置方案 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 使用默认的Servlet来响应静态文件 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/content/</value>
</property>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
启动应用程序返回的截图如下
自定义HttpMessageConverter接受JSON格式的数据，采用fastJson来接受JSON数据
将上面的controller代码改为
@RequestMapping(value="/testRequestBody")
public void setJson(@RequestBody Book book,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
// 使用JSONObject将book对象转换成json输出
logger.info(JSONObject.toJSONString(book));
book.setAuthor("zhangsan");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 将book对象转换成json写出到客户端
response.getWriter().println(JSONObject.toJSONString(book));
}
配置文件改为下面这个即可跟前面访问的效果一样
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd">
<!-- spring可以自动去扫描base-pack下面的包或者子包下面的java文件，
如果扫描到有Spring的相关注解的类，则把这些类注册为Spring的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.rookie.bigdata.controller"/>
<!-- 使用默认的Servlet来响应静态文件 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 设置配置方案 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 设置不使用默认的消息转换器 -->
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
<!-- 配置Spring的转换器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter"/>
<!-- 配置fastjson中实现HttpMessageConverter接口的转换器 -->
<bean id="fastJsonHttpMessageConverter"
class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
<!-- 加入支持的媒体类型：返回contentType -->
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<!-- 这里顺序不能反，一定先写text/html,不然ie下会出现下载提示 -->
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/content/</value>
</property>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
返回JSON数据格式
@RequestMapping(value="/testresponse")
// @ResponseBody会将集合数据转换json格式返回客户端
@ResponseBody
public Object getJson() {
List<Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>();
list.add(new Book(1,"java","lisi"));
list.add(new Book(2,"徐文清","wangwu"));
return list;
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>测试返回JSON格式的数据</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/json2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
testResponseBody();
});
function testResponseBody(){
$.post("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/json/testresponse",null,
function(data){
$.each(data,function(){
var tr = $("<tr align='center'/>");
$("<td/>").html(this.id).appendTo(tr);
$("<td/>").html(this.name).appendTo(tr);
$("<td/>").html(this.author).appendTo(tr);
$("#booktable").append(tr);
})
},"json");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<table id="booktable" border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
<tr align="center">
<th>编号</th>
<th>书名</th>
<th>作者</th>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>