• 【SpringBoot】SpringBoot 自定义starter(十七)


      本章介绍如何自定义SpringBoot的start

      在使用SpringBoot的是需要使用那个模块进引入那个模块的starter就行,例如:需要使用web模块,引入spring-boot-starter-web的starter就行。要使用jdbc就引入spring-boot-starter-jdbc

    自定义starter理论

      1、自动装配Bean

        自动装配使用配置类(@Configuration)结合Spring4 提供的条件判断注解@Conditional及Spring Boot的派生注解如@ConditionOnClass完成;

      2、配置自动装配Bean

        将标注@Configuration的自动配置类,放在classpath下META- INF/spring.factories文件中,如:

    1 # Auto Configure
    2 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
    3 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,
    4 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,

      3、自动装配顺序

        在特定自动装配Class之前 @AutoConfigureBefore 

        在特定自动装配Class之后 @AutoConfigureAfter

        指定顺序 @AutoConfigureOrder

      4、启动器(starter)

        启动器模块是一个空 JAR 文件,仅提供辅助性依赖管理,这些依赖可能用于自动装配或者其他类库

          

        命名规约:

          推荐使用以下命名规约

          官方命名空间

            – 前缀:“spring-boot-starter-”

            – 模式:spring-boot-starter-模块名

            – 举例:spring-boot-starter-web、spring-boot-starter-actuator、spring-boot-starter-jdbc

          自定义命名空间

            – 后缀:“-spring-boot-starter”

            – 模式:模块-spring-boot-starter

            – 举例:mybatis-spring-boot-starter

       总结:

    自动配置类
    @Configuration //指定这个类是一个配置类
    @ConditionalOnXXX //在指定条件成立的情况下自动配置类生效
    @AutoConfigureAfter //指定自动配置类的顺序
    @Bean //给容器中添加组件
    
    
    @ConfigurationPropertie结合相关xxxProperties类来绑定相关的配置
    @EnableConfigurationProperties//让xxxProperties生效加入到容器中
    
    
    自动配置类要能加载
    将需要启动就加载的自动配置类,配置在META‐INF/spring.factories
    
    
    # Auto Configure
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,

    自定义starter定义

      1、在idea中新建一个空工程

        

      2、在空工程中,新建2个模块 hello-springboot-starter 和 hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger,2个都是maven工程

        hello-springboot-starter 依赖 hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger工程

        

        目录结构如下:

        

        hello-springboot-starter的pom.xml文件如下:

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     5     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     6 
     7     <groupId>com.test</groupId>
     8     <artifactId>hello-springboot-starter</artifactId>
     9     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    10 
    11     <!-- 启动器 -->
    12     <dependencies>
    13 
    14         <!-- 引入自动配置模块 -->
    15         <dependency>
    16             <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    17             <artifactId>hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger</artifactId>
    18             <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    19         </dependency>
    20 
    21     </dependencies>
    22 
    23 </project>
    pom.xml

        hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger的pom.xml文件如下:

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     5     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     6 
     7     <groupId>com.test</groupId>
     8     <artifactId>hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger</artifactId>
     9     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    10 
    11     <parent>
    12         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    13         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    14         <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    15     </parent>
    16 
    17     <properties>
    18         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    19         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    20         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    21     </properties>
    22 
    23     <dependencies>
    24         <!-- 引入spring-boot-starter,所有starter基本配置 -->
    25         <dependency>
    26             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    27             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    28         </dependency>
    29 
    30     </dependencies>
    31 
    32 </project>
    pom.xml

      3、在hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger工程中,新建一个com.test.springboot.starter.HelloProperties类(属性类)

     1 package com.test.springboot.starter;
     2 
     3 
     4 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
     5 
     6 @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "test.hello")
     7 public class HelloProperties {
     8     // 前缀
     9     private String prefix;
    10     // 后缀
    11     private String suffix;
    12 
    13     public String getPrefix() {
    14         return prefix;
    15     }
    16 
    17     public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
    18         this.prefix = prefix;
    19     }
    20 
    21     public String getSuffix() {
    22         return suffix;
    23     }
    24 
    25     public void setSuffix(String suffix) {
    26         this.suffix = suffix;
    27     }
    28 }

      4、在hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger工程中,新建一个com.test.springboot.starter.HelloService类(服务类)

     1 package com.test.springboot.starter;
     2 
     3 public class HelloService {
     4 
     5     HelloProperties helloProperties;
     6 
     7     public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {
     8         return helloProperties;
     9     }
    10 
    11     public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
    12         this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
    13     }
    14 
    15     public String sayHello(String name){
    16         return helloProperties.getPrefix() + "-" +name + "-" + helloProperties.getSuffix();
    17     }
    18 }

      5、在hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger工程中,新建一个com.test.springboot.starter.HelloServiceAutoConfiguration类(自动配置类)

     1 package com.test.springboot.starter;
     2 
     3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
     4 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
     5 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
     6 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
     7 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
     8 
     9 @Configuration
    10 // web应用才生效
    11 @ConditionalOnWebApplication
    12 // 使HelloProperties文件生效
    13 @EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
    14 public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration  {
    15 
    16     @Autowired
    17     HelloProperties helloProperties;
    18 
    19     @Bean
    20     public HelloService helloService(){
    21         HelloService helloService = new HelloService();
    22         helloService.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);
    23         return helloService;
    24     }
    25 
    26 }

      6、在hello-springboot-starter-autoconfiger工程中,新建一个resources/META-INF/spring.factories,编辑以下内容,将HelloServiceAutoConfiguration类(自动配置类)加入到SpringBoot自动配置中

    1 # Auto Configure
    2 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
    3 com.test.springboot.starter.HelloServiceAutoConfiguration

    自定义starter使用

      1、新建一个SpringBoot Web工程,引入自定义的starter,pom内容如下:

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     5     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     6 
     7     <groupId>com.test</groupId>
     8     <artifactId>test-springboot-start-test</artifactId>
     9     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    10 
    11     <parent>
    12         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    13         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    14         <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    15     </parent>
    16 
    17     <properties>
    18         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    19         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    20         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    21     </properties>
    22 
    23     <dependencies>
    24 
    25         <dependency>
    26             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    27             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    28         </dependency>
    29 
    30         <dependency>
    31             <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    32             <artifactId>hello-springboot-starter</artifactId>
    33             <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    34         </dependency>
    35 
    36         <dependency>
    37             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    38             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    39             <scope>test</scope>
    40         </dependency>
    41 
    42     </dependencies>
    43 
    44 
    45 </project>

      2、编辑测试类

     1 package com.test.springboot.starter;
     2 
     3 
     4 import org.junit.Test;
     5 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
     6 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
     7 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
     8 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
     9 
    10 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    11 @SpringBootTest
    12 public class TestApplication {
    13 
    14     @Autowired
    15     HelloService helloService;
    16 
    17     @Test
    18     public void context(){
    19         String str = helloService.sayHello(" XXX ");
    20         System.out.println(str);
    21     }
    22 }

      3、在resources/application.yml配置文件中加入配置

    1 test:
    2   hello:
    3     prefix: 测试前缀
    4     suffix: 测试后缀

      4、运行测试类,效果如下:

        

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/12442625.html
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