drf—— 登录接口，实现头像修改

要求

1 自定义User表扩展auth的User，新增mobile唯一约束字段；新增icon图片字段
2 在自定义User表基础上，用 GenericViewSet + CreateModelMixin + serializer 完成User表新增接口（就是注册接口）
 （重要提示：序列化类要重写create方法，不然密码就是明文了）
3 在自定义User表基础上，用 GenericViewSet + RetrieveModelMixin + serializer 完成User表单查（就是用户中心）
4 在自定义User表基础上，用 GenericViewSet + UpdateModelMixin + serializer 完成用户头像的修改

代码

models.py --->数据迁移

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser


class UserInfo(AbstractUser):
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)
    icon = models.ImageField(upload_to='head', default='head/default.png')

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework'
]

#打开media路径
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
#扩写auth_user表
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app01.UserInfo'

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from app01.models import UserInfo
from app01.serializer import UserModelSerializer, UserReadOnlyModelSerializer, UserIconModelSerializer
from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet, ViewSetMixin


# ViewSetMixin:路由写法变了，自动生成路由
# GenericAPIView：必须指定queryset和serializer
class UserView(GenericViewSet, CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin):
    # class UserView(ViewSetMixin,GenericAPIView,CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = UserInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserModelSerializer

    # 重写get_serializer_class方法，实现不同的请求，返回的序列化类不一样
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        # 可以根据请求方式
        if self.action == 'create':
            return UserModelSerializer
        elif self.action == 'retrieve':
            return UserReadOnlyModelSerializer
　　　　#更改头像
        elif self.action == 'update':
            return UserIconModelSerializer

serializer.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01.models import UserInfo
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError


class UserModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 注册功能，需要的字段
    # username，password，re_password，mobile
    # 这个字段在表中没有，写成write_only=True
    re_password = serializers.CharField(max_length=18, min_length=3, required=True, write_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = UserInfo
        fields = ['username', 'password', 'mobile', 're_password', 'icon']
        extra_kwargs = {
            'username': {'max_length': 12, 'min_length': 3},
            'password': {'write_only': True},
            'icon': {'read_only': True}
        }
        # 写mobile的局部钩子

    def validate_mobile(self, data):
        if len(data) == 11:
            return data
        else:
            raise ValidationError('手机号不合法')

        # 全局钩子校验两次密码是否一致

    def validate(self, attrs):
        password = attrs.get('password')
        re_password = attrs.get('re_password')
        if password == re_password:
            # re_password不存数据库，剔除
            attrs.pop('re_password')
            return attrs
        else:
            raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致')

    ## 重写create方法，实现密码的加密
    #序列化类要重写create方法，不然密码就是明文了
    def create(self, validated_data):
        # re_password也可也在这里移除
        # UserInfo.objects.create(**validated_data) # 密码是明文
        user = UserInfo.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
        return user  # 注意不要忘了这句话


# 序列化的时候后
# 一个模型类，不一定对着一个序列化类
# 只做序列化用
class UserReadOnlyModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = UserInfo
        fields = ['username', 'mobile', 'icon', 'email', 'date_joined']


# 这个序列化类，只做修改头像用
class UserIconModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = UserInfo
        fields = ['icon', ]

路由分发app01/urls.py

from app01 import views


# 自动生成路由
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter

router = SimpleRouter()
router.register('user', views.UserView)
# router.register('userinfo', views.UserReadOnlyView)

urlpatterns = [
...
]

urlpatterns += router.urls

总路由urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include,re_path
from django.views.static import serve
from django.conf import settings


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('homework/', include('app01.urls')),
    re_path('media/(?P<path>.*)', serve, {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
]