块:别人写好的功能封装成一个名字,网上下载下来,导入后直接用,不用再写了
第三方库:下载下来安装上才能用
两个标准库:sys os
sys模块
import sys print(sys.path) //打印环境变量
"C:Usersgoogle WANGAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36python.exe" D:/projects/sys.py
['D:\projects', 'D:\projects', 'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\python36.zip', 'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\DLLs', 'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib', 'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36', 'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages', 'C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2018.3.5\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend']
Process finished with exit code 0
"C:Usersgoogle WANGAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36python.exe" D:/projects/sys_mode.py
['D:\projects', 'D:\projects', 'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\python36.zip',
'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\DLLs',
'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib', 、//一般标准库放在这里面
'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36',
'C:\Users\google WANG\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages', //自己装的放在这里面
'C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2018.3.5\helpers\pycharm_matplotlib_backend']
Process finished with exit code 0
系统有环境变量
prthon也有环境变量
打印脚本的绝对路径 ,因为pycharm就是绝对路径,所以打印的是绝对路径
import sys print(sys.argv) 输出结果: "C:Usersgoogle WANGAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36python.exe" D:/projects/sys_mode.py ['D:/projects/sys_mode.py']
windows下dir是查看路径的
import os os.system ("dir") //直接输出到屏幕上 "C:Usersgoogle WANGAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36python.exe" D:/projects/sys_mode.py ������ D �еľ��� �¼Ӿ� ������к��� A45A-FDF2 D:projects ��Ŀ¼ 2019/04/08 19:06 <DIR> . 2019/04/08 19:06 <DIR> .. 2019/04/08 19:04 <DIR> .idea 2019/04/07 14:42 110 for+contiune.py 2019/04/07 14:16 42 Forѭ��.py 2019/04/07 14:22 308 forѭ����else.py 2019/04/07 14:49 123 forѭ��Ƕ��.py 2019/04/08 19:06 88 sys_mode.py 2019/04/07 11:08 197 test.py 2019/04/07 11:33 301 while+if else.py 2019/04/07 11:20 65 while.py 2019/04/07 11:35 273 while����if.py 2019/04/07 14:31 406 while������.py 2019/04/07 11:41 327 while�Դ�3����ʾ.py 11 ���ļ� 2,240 �ֽ� 3 ��Ŀ¼ 10,968,879,104 �����ֽ� Process finished with exit code 0
import os cmd_res=os.system ("dir") #执行命令,不保存结果 print("------->",cmd_res) 输出结果: -------> 0 //0代表命令执行的状态码,0代表执行成功,非0代表错误
import os cmd_res=os.popen ("dir") #执行命令,不保存结果 print("------->",cmd_res) 输出结果:-------> <os._wrap_close object at 0x000001F93B0DC898> 打印的内存对象的值
import os cmd_res=os.popen ("dir").read() #后面加read就把结果读出来了 print("------->",cmd_res) 输出结果: -------> 驱动器 D 中的卷是 新加卷 卷的序列号是 A45A-FDF2 D:projects 的目录 2019/04/08 19:16 <DIR> . 2019/04/08 19:16 <DIR> .. 2019/04/08 19:15 <DIR> .idea 2019/04/07 14:42 110 for+contiune.py 2019/04/07 14:16 42 For循环.py 2019/04/07 14:22 308 for循环加else.py 2019/04/07 14:49 123 for循环嵌套.py 2019/04/08 19:16 207 sys_mode.py 2019/04/07 11:08 197 test.py 2019/04/07 11:33 301 while+if else.py 2019/04/07 11:20 65 while.py 2019/04/07 11:35 273 while不加if.py 2019/04/07 14:31 406 while任意玩.py 2019/04/07 11:41 327 while试错3次提示.py 11 个文件 2,359 字节 3 个目录 10,969,739,264 可用字节
import os cmd_res=os.popen ("dir").read() print("------->",cmd_res) os.mkdir("new_dir") //执行后创建一个新的目录