林炳文Evankaka原创作品。转载请注明出处http://blog.csdn.net/evankaka
一、实现的思路:
(1)首先,须要创建一个Servlet。该Servlet通过字节型响应给client返回一个图片。该图片是通过JDK中Java 2D的类库来生成一个图片。图片的生成是依靠一个随机数来完毕,然后将这个随机数写成图片格式。最后在Session将这个随机的字符串的状态保持住,以便在用户填写后进行对照。
(2)其次,在须要加入验证码的JSP页面中,通过<img src="生成验证码图片的URI"/>引入该图片。
(3)最后。单用户填写完验证码后。提交到某一个Servlet中。在这个Servlet中,通过request.getParameter()方法获取用户加入的验证码。然后取出后与Session中生成的验证码进行对照,假设对照成功就表示通过,否则返回该页面给用户提示验证码错误的信息。
(4)然后假设要仿CSDN动态验证码,就要分别生成数字和符号(+。-。*)。依据符号,计算结果,计算中文,把结果存储到一个List<String>中去。
先来看看效果:
二、代码
这里首先实现仅仅有数字和字母的。还不带符号运算
1、project总体结构
2、生成带数字和图片的代码
AuthCode.java
package com.mucfc; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.Random; /** * 生成验证码图片 * @author 林炳文Evankaka(博客:http://blog.csdn.net/evankaka) * @since 2015.6.22 */ public class AuthCode { public static final int AUTHCODE_LENGTH = 5; // 验证码长度 public static final int SINGLECODE_WIDTH = 15; // 单个验证码宽度 public static final int SINGLECODE_HEIGHT = 30; // 单个验证码高度 public static final int SINGLECODE_GAP = 4; // 单个验证码之间间隔 public static final int IMG_WIDTH = AUTHCODE_LENGTH * (SINGLECODE_WIDTH + SINGLECODE_GAP); public static final int IMG_HEIGHT = SINGLECODE_HEIGHT; public static final char[] CHARS = {'0','1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9','a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' }; static Random random = new Random(); /** * 返回图片中的数字 * @return String */ public static String getAuthCode() { StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {// 生成6个字符 buffer.append(CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]); } return buffer.toString(); } /** * 返回带数字的图片 * @return BufferedImage */ public static BufferedImage getAuthImg(String authCode) { // 设置图片的高、宽、类型 // RGB编码:red、green、blue BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH, IMG_HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR); // 得到图片上的一个画笔 Graphics g = img.getGraphics(); // 设置画笔的颜色,用来做背景色 g.setColor(Color.RED); // 用画笔来填充一个矩形,矩形的左上角坐标,宽。高 g.fillRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH, IMG_HEIGHT); // 将画笔颜色设置为黑色,用来写字 g.setColor(Color.BLACK); // 设置字体:宋体、不带格式的、字号 g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, SINGLECODE_HEIGHT + 5)); // 输出数字 char c; for (int i = 0; i < authCode.toCharArray().length; i++) { // 取到相应位置的字符 c = authCode.charAt(i); // 画出一个字符串:要画的内容,開始的位置,高度 g.drawString(c + "", i * (SINGLECODE_WIDTH + SINGLECODE_GAP) + SINGLECODE_GAP / 2, IMG_HEIGHT); } Random random = new Random(); // 干扰素 for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH); int y = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGHT); int x2 = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH); int y2 = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGHT); g.drawLine(x, y, x + x2, y + y2); } return img; } }
在这里还能够自己更改图片的背景色、验证码的个数、干扰素强度等,有兴趣的同学自己好好设置下吧
3、生成动态验证码的servlet
getAuthCodeServlet.java
package com.mucfc; import java.io.IOException; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * 得到生成验证码图片的servlet * @author 林炳文Evankaka(博客:http://blog.csdn.net/evankaka) * @since 2015.6.22 */ public class getAuthCodeServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String authCode = AuthCode.getAuthCode(); request.getSession().setAttribute("authCode", authCode); //将验证码保存到session中。便于以后验证 try { //发送图片 ImageIO.write(AuthCode.getAuthImg(authCode), "JPEG", response.getOutputStream()); } catch (IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request,response); } }4、index调用,并进行输入正确的推断
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <form action="index.jsp" method="post"> <img src="servlet/GetAuthCodeServlet" id="authImg"/><a href="#" onClick="window.location.reload()">看不清</a><br> <input type="text" name="inputCode"> <% String inputCode = (String)request.getParameter("inputCode"); String authCode = (String)session.getAttribute("authCode"); if(inputCode!=null){ if(authCode.equalsIgnoreCase(inputCode)){ out.print("验证码正确!"); }else{ out.print("验证码错误!这里在直接都在一个jsp中推断了请又一次输入!"); } } %> <br> <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form> </body> </html>
5、web.xml设置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>getAuthCodeServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.mucfc.getAuthCodeServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>getAuthCodeServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/GetAuthCodeServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
6、执行效果
三、仿CSDN动态验证码实现
整个project结构不变。
1、AuthCode改成例如以下
package com.mucfc; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; /** * 生成验证码图片 * @author 林炳文Evankaka(博客:http://blog.csdn.net/evankaka) * @since 2015.6.22 */ public class AuthCode { public static final int AUTHCODE_LENGTH = 5; // 验证码长度 public static final int SINGLECODE_WIDTH = 20; // 单个验证码宽度 public static final int SINGLECODE_HEIGHT = 30; // 单个验证码高度 public static final int SINGLECODE_GAP = 4; // 单个验证码之间间隔 public static final int IMG_WIDTH = AUTHCODE_LENGTH * (SINGLECODE_WIDTH + SINGLECODE_GAP); public static final int IMG_HEIGHT = SINGLECODE_HEIGHT; public static final char[] CHARS = {'0','1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' }; public static final char[] OPERATION={'+','-','*'}; static Random random = new Random(); /** * 返回图片中的数字 * @return String */ public static List<String> getAuthCode() { char char1 = CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]; char char2 = CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]; char opt = OPERATION[random.nextInt(OPERATION.length)]; StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); buffer.append(char1); buffer.append(getOperation(opt)); buffer.append(char2); String result=getResult(char1,char2,opt); List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>(); list.add(buffer.toString()); list.add(result); return list; } /** * 返回计算的结果 * @param operation * @return String */ public static String getResult(char char1,char char2,char operation){ int int1 = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(char1)); int int2 = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(char2)); if('+'==operation) return String.valueOf(int1+int2); else if ('-'==operation) return String.valueOf(int1-int2); else if ('*'==operation) return String.valueOf(int1*int2); else return null; } /** * 返回符号相应的中文 * @param operation * @return String */ public static String getOperation(char operation){ if('+'==operation) return "加上"; else if ('-'==operation) return "减去"; else if ('*'==operation) return "乘以"; else return null; } /** * 返回带数字的图片 * @return BufferedImage */ public static BufferedImage getAuthImg(String authCode) { // 设置图片的高、宽、类型 // RGB编码:red、green、blue BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH, IMG_HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR); // 得到图片上的一个画笔 Graphics g = img.getGraphics(); // 设置画笔的颜色,用来做背景色 g.setColor(Color.YELLOW); // 用画笔来填充一个矩形。矩形的左上角坐标,宽,高 g.fillRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH, IMG_HEIGHT); // 将画笔颜色设置为黑色,用来写字 g.setColor(Color.BLACK); // 设置字体:宋体、不带格式的、字号 g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, SINGLECODE_HEIGHT + 5)); // 输出数字 char c; for (int i = 0; i < authCode.toCharArray().length; i++) { // 取到相应位置的字符 c = authCode.charAt(i); // 画出一个字符串:要画的内容。開始的位置,高度 g.drawString(c + "", i * (SINGLECODE_WIDTH + SINGLECODE_GAP) + SINGLECODE_GAP / 2, IMG_HEIGHT); } Random random = new Random(); // 干扰素 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH); int y = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGHT); int x2 = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH); int y2 = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGHT); g.drawLine(x, y, x + x2, y + y2); } return img; } }2、getAuthCodeServlet改成例如以下
package com.mucfc; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * 得到生成验证码图片的servlet * @author 林炳文Evankaka(博客:http://blog.csdn.net/evankaka) * @since 2015.6.22 */ public class getAuthCodeServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { List<String> list = AuthCode.getAuthCode(); request.getSession().setAttribute("authCode", list.get(1)); //将验证码保存到session中,便于以后验证 try { //发送图片 ImageIO.write(AuthCode.getAuthImg(list.get(0)), "JPEG", response.getOutputStream()); } catch (IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request,response); } }其他全部都不改变
执行后效果:
林炳文Evankaka原创作品。转载请注明出处http://blog.csdn.net/evankaka