对话框——文件对话框

QFileDialog是一个允许用户选择文件或目录的对话框。可用以选择打开或保存文件

示例图如下：

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial

In this example, we select a file with a
QFileDialog and display its contents
in a QTextEdit.

Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QMainWindow, QTextEdit,
    QAction, QFileDialog, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
import sys


class Example(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):

        self.textEdit = QTextEdit()
        # 把self.textEdit设置为主窗口的中心窗口部件
        self.setCentralWidget(self.textEdit)
        self.statusBar()

        openFile = QAction(QIcon('open.png'), 'Open', self)
        openFile.setShortcut('Ctrl+O')
        openFile.setStatusTip('Open new File')
        openFile.triggered.connect(self.showDialog)

        menubar = self.menuBar()
        fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
        fileMenu.addAction(openFile)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('File dialog')
        self.show()

    def showDialog(self):
        
        # 弹出文件对话框
        # The first string in the getOpenFileName() method is the caption
        # The second string specifies the dialog working directory
        fname = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, 'Open file', '/home')

        if fname[0]:
            f = open(fname[0], 'r')
            print(f)

            with f:
                data = f.read()
                print(data)
                self.textEdit.setText(data)


if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())