Whois 简单来说，就是一个用来查询域名是否已经被注册，以及注册域名的详细信息的数据库（如域名所有人、域名注册商、域名注册日期和过期日期等）。通过域名Whois服务器查询，可以查询域名归属者联系方式，以及注册和到期时间。通常情况下，whois信息均为真实信息，通过whois信息可以找到域名注册人的很多真实信息，像电话，邮箱，NS记录，是对网站进行社工非常好的信息来源，对于安全从业人员来说，快速获取whois信息，能够帮助自己掌握目标网站的很多有用信息。
而whois信息通常是保存在各级域名注册机构中，平常我们要查询whois信息都是通过godaddy、name.com、万网、新网等域名注册商网站通过查询页面提交域名进行查询，既慢又不能批量查询，太费劲了，这里我就把我珍藏很久的一个PS function贡献给大家，这个脚本支持140多种后缀的域名进行查询，尤其是一些生僻的域，找一个能支持这个域注册的注册商就不容易了，现在你不需要再为这个事情发愁了。
老规矩，先上代码，然后对关键操作进行解释：
=====文件名：Get-whois.ps1=====
function Get-WhoIs {
<# Author:fuhj(powershell#live.cn ,http://fuhaijun.com)
# Does a raw WHOIS query and returns the results
# The simplest whois search
#.Example
# get-whois dnspod.com
#
# This example is one that forwards to a second whois server ...
#.Example
# get-whois baidu.com -NoForward
#
# Returns the partial results you get when you don't follow forwarding to a new whois server
# get-whois n 128.11.5.98 -server whois.arin.net
#
# Does an ip lookup at arin.net
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
# The query to send to WHOIS servers
[Parameter(Position=0, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$true)]
[string]$query,
# A specific whois server to search
[string]$server,
# Disable forwarding to new whois servers
[switch]$NoForward
)
end {
$TLDs = DATA {
@{
".com"= "whois.verisign-grs.com","whois.crsnic.net"
".net"= "whois.verisign-grs.com","whois.crsnic.net"
".org"= "whois.pir.org","whois.publicinterestregistry.net"
".info"= "whois.afilias.info","whois.afilias.net"
".biz"= "whois.neulevel.biz"
".us"= "whois.nic.us"
".uk"= "whois.nic.uk"
".ca"= "whois.cira.ca"
".tel"= "whois.nic.tel"
".ie"= "whois.iedr.ie","whois.domainregistry.ie"
".it"= "whois.nic.it"
".li"= "whois.nic.li"
".no"= "whois.norid.no"
".cc"= "whois.nic.cc"
".eu"= "whois.eu"
".nu"= "whois.nic.nu"
".au"= "whois.aunic.net","whois.ausregistry.net.au"
".de"= "whois.denic.de"
".ws"= "whois.worldsite.ws","whois.nic.ws","www.nic.ws"
".sc"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
".mobi" = "whois.dotmobiregistry.net"
".pro"= "whois.registrypro.pro","whois.registry.pro"
".edu"= "whois.educause.net","whois.crsnic.net"
".tv"= "whois.nic.tv","tvwhois.verisign-grs.com"
".travel" = "whois.nic.travel"
".name" = "whois.nic.name"
".in"= "whois.inregistry.net","whois.registry.in"
".me"= "whois.nic.me","whois.meregistry.net"
".at"= "whois.nic.at"
".be"= "whois.dns.be"
".cn"= "whois.cnnic.cn","whois.cnnic.net.cn"
".edu.cn"="whois.edu.cn"
".asia"= "whois.nic.asia"
".ru"= "whois.ripn.ru","whois.ripn.net"
".ro"= "whois.rotld.ro"
".aero" = "whois.aero"
".fr"= "whois.nic.fr"
".se"= "whois.iis.se","whois.nic-se.se","whois.nic.se"
".nl"= "whois.sidn.nl","whois.domain-registry.nl"
".nz"= "whois.srs.net.nz","whois.domainz.net.nz"
".mx"= "whois.nic.mx"
".tw"= "whois.apnic.net","whois.twnic.net.tw"
".ch"= "whois.nic.ch"
".hk"= "whois.hknic.net.hk"
".ac"= "whois.nic.ac"
".ae"= "whois.nic.ae"
".af"= "whois.nic.af"
".ag"= "whois.nic.ag"
".al"= "whois.ripe.net"
".am"= "whois.amnic.net"
".as"= "whois.nic.as"
".az"= "whois.ripe.net"
".ba"= "whois.ripe.net"
".bg"= "whois.register.bg"
".bi"= "whois.nic.bi"
".bj"= "www.nic.bj"
".br"= "whois.nic.br"
".br.com"="whois.centralnic.net"
".eu.org"="whois.eu.org"
".bt"= "whois.netnames.net"
".by"= "whois.ripe.net"
".bz"= "whois.belizenic.bz"
".cd"= "whois.nic.cd"
".ck"= "whois.nic.ck"
".cl"= "nic.cl"
".coop"= "whois.nic.coop"
".cx"= "whois.nic.cx"
".cy"= "whois.ripe.net"
".cz"= "whois.nic.cz"
".dk"= "whois.dk-hostmaster.dk"
".dm"= "whois.nic.cx"
".dz"= "whois.ripe.net"
".ee"= "whois.eenet.ee"
".eg"= "whois.ripe.net"
".es"= "whois.ripe.net"
".fi"= "whois.ficora.fi"
".fo"= "whois.ripe.net"
".gb"= "whois.ripe.net"
".ge"= "whois.ripe.net"
".gl"= "whois.ripe.net"
".gm"= "whois.ripe.net"
".gov"= "whois.nic.gov"
".gr"= "whois.ripe.net"
".gs"= "whois.adamsnames.tc"
".hm"= "whois.registry.hm"
".hn"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
".hr"= "whois.ripe.net"
".hu"= "whois.ripe.net"
".il"= "whois.isoc.org.il"
".int"= "whois.isi.edu"
".iq"= "vrx.net"
".ir"= "whois.nic.ir"
".is"= "whois.isnic.is"
".je"= "whois.je"
".jp"= "whois.jprs.jp"
".kg"= "whois.domain.kg"
".kr"= "whois.nic.or.kr"
".la"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
".lt"= "whois.domreg.lt"
".lu"= "whois.restena.lu"
".lv"= "whois.nic.lv"
".ly"= "whois.lydomains.com"
".ma"= "whois.iam.net.ma"
".mc"= "whois.ripe.net"
".md"= "whois.nic.md"
".mil"= "whois.nic.mil"
".mk"= "whois.ripe.net"
".ms"= "whois.nic.ms"
".mt"= "whois.ripe.net"
".mu"= "whois.nic.mu"
".my"= "whois.mynic.net.my"
".nf"= "whois.nic.cx"
".pl"= "whois.dns.pl"
".pr"= "whois.nic.pr"
".pt"= "whois.dns.pt"
".sa"= "saudinic.net.sa"
".sb"= "whois.nic.net.sb"
".sg"= "whois.nic.net.sg"
".sh"= "whois.nic.sh"
".si"= "whois.arnes.si"
".sk"= "whois.sk-nic.sk"
".sm"= "whois.ripe.net"
".st"= "whois.nic.st"
".su"= "whois.ripn.net"
".tc"= "whois.adamsnames.tc"
".tf"= "whois.nic.tf"
".th"= "whois.thnic.net"
".tj"= "whois.nic.tj"
".tk"= "whois.nic.tk"
".tl"= "whois.domains.tl"
".tm"= "whois.nic.tm"
".tn"= "whois.ripe.net"
".to"= "whois.tonic.to"
".tp"= "whois.domains.tl"
".tr"= "whois.nic.tr"
".ua"= "whois.ripe.net"
".uy"= "nic.uy"
".uz"= "whois.cctld.uz"
".va"= "whois.ripe.net"
".vc"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
".ve"= "whois.nic.ve"
".vg"= "whois.adamsnames.tc"
".yu"= "whois.ripe.net"
}
}
$EAP, $ErrorActionPreference = $ErrorActionPreference, "Stop"
$query = $query.Trim()
if($query -match "(?:d{1,3}.){3}d{1,3}") {
Write-Verbose "IP Lookup!"
if($query -notmatch " ") {
$query = "n $query"
}
if(!$server) { $server = "whois.arin.net" }
} elseif(!$server) {
$server = $TLDs.GetEnumerator() |
Where { $query -like ("*"+$_.name) } |
Select -Expand Value | Get-Random
}
if(!$server) { $server = "whois.arin.net" }
$maxRequery = 3
do {
Write-Verbose "Connecting to $server"
$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient $server, 43
try {
$stream = $client.GetStream()
Write-Verbose "Sending Query: $query"
$data = [System.Text.Encoding]::Ascii.GetBytes( $query + "`r`n" )
$stream.Write($data, 0, $data.Length)
Write-Verbose "Reading Response:"
$reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader $stream, [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII
$result = $reader.ReadToEnd()
if($result -match "(?s)Whois Server:s*(S+)s*") {
Write-Warning "Recommended WHOIS server: ${server}"
if(!$NoForward) {
Write-verbose "Non-Authoritative Results:`n${result}"
# cache, in case we can't get an answer at the forwarder
if(!$cachedResult) {
$cachedResult = $result
$cachedServer = $server
}
$server = $matches[1]
$query = ($query -split " ")[-1]
$maxRequery--
} else { $maxRequery = 0 }
} else { $maxRequery = 0 }
} finally {
if($stream) {
$stream.Close()
$stream.Dispose()
}
}
} while ($maxRequery -gt 0)
$result
if($cachedResult -and ($result -split "`n").count -lt 5) {
Write-Warning "Original Result from ${cachedServer}:"
$cachedResult
}
$ErrorActionPreference = $EAP
}
}
函数里定义了三个参数，两个[string]类型，一个[switch]类型，分别用于接收要进行whois查询的域名，指定whois域名服务器，以及是否允许将查询请求转发到其他域名解析服务器。随后创建了一个枚举值的哈希表，目的是用于存储不同域名后缀和whois服务器的对应关系，因为不同的域名后缀对应的域名信息是存储在不同的服务器上的。需要强调的是像.com、.net、.org、.info这几个注册量特别大的域名后缀指定了多个whois服务器，避免查询量过大无法有效返回结果的问题。
接下来通过New-Object创建一个System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient的TCP对象，连接上面指定的whois服务器的43端口用于查询whois信息，在通过一个System.IO.StreamReader对象接收whois信息返回的数据，并对数据进行解析。除此之外再加上try{}cache{}finally{}进行容错处理，在数据解析是也用到了正则表达式用于匹配目标字符串。
程序的运行方法有如下四种：
get-whois dnspod.com
先看看dnspod在被腾讯收购后有没有更改whois信息，貌似鹅厂没有改过
get-whois jd.com –NoForward
get-whois n 128.11.5.98 -server whois.arin.net
作者: 付海军
出处：http://fuhj02.cnblogs.com
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