1. 了解python2和python3类的区别
python2在2.3之前使用的是经典类, 2.3之后, 使用的是新式类
2. 经典类的MRO 树形结构的深度优先遍历 -> 树形结构遍历
class A: pass class B(A): pass class C(A): pass class D(B, C): pass class E: pass class F(D, E): pass class G(F, D): pass class H: pass class Foo(H, G): pass
从左到右,深度递归,一直到头再返回
Foo -> H -> G -> D -> B -> A -> C -> E
3. 新式类的MRO C3算法
拿第一项的第一位和 后面每项的除了第一位比较. 如果没有出现, 则该位元素算出如果出现了. 此时开始下一项的第一位继续和后面每一项的除了第一位比较:
用头和身体比较
方法: 1. 拆分
2. 合并
class A: pass class B(A): pass class C(A): pass class D(B, C): pass class E(C, A): pass class F(D, E): pass class G(E): pass class H(G, F): pass
L(H) = H + L(G) + L(F) + GF # ECA + DBECA = HGFDBECAO
L(G) = G + L(E) + E # GECA
L(E) = E + L(C) + L(A) + CA # ECA
L(C) = C + L(A) + A # CA
L(A) = A
L(F) = F + L(D) + L(E) + DE # FDBECA
L(D) = D + L(B) + L(C) + BC # DBCA
L(B) = B + A + A # BA
与Python中使用H.__mro__运行的结果相同
(<class '__main__.H'>, <class '__main__.G'>, <class '__main__.F'>, <class '__main__.D'>, <class '__main__.B'>, <class '__main__.E'>, <class '__main__.C'>, <class '__main__.A'>, <class 'object'>)
4. super() 找MRO顺序的下一个
class Base1: def chi(self): super().chi() print("Base1") class Base2: def chi(self): super().chi() print("Base2") class Base3: def chi(self): print("Base3") class Bar(Base1, Base2, Base3): def chi(self): print("Bar里chi1") super(Bar, self).chi() print("Bar里chi2") b = Bar()
结果 :Bar里chi1,Base3,Base2,Base1,Bar里chi2