Nginx|Apache反带用户请求到Tomcat
- LNMT：
client -->http --> nginx --> reverse_proxy --> http --> tomcat (http connector)
location ~* .(jsp|do)$ {
proxy_pass http://web1.evescn.com:8080;
}
- LAMT：
client --> http --> httpd --> reverse_proxy --> {http|ajp} --> tomcat {http connector|ajp connector}
反代模块：
主：proxy_module
子：proxy_module_http, proxy_module_ajp
proxy_module_http:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName web1.evescn.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off # 开启反向代理时，需要关闭正向代理
ProxyPreserveHost On # 直接反带用户请求的虚拟主机名
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / http://172.16.100.67:8080/
ProxyPassReverse / http://172.16.100.67:8080/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
proxy_module_ajp:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName web1.evescn.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass /status !
ProxyPass / ajp://172.16.100.67:8009/
ProxyPassReverse / ajp://172.16.100.67:8009/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
- LNAMT：
client -->http --> nginx --> httpd --> reverse_proxy --> {http|ajp} --> tomcat {http connector|ajp connector}
Tomcat会话保持
session sticky
source ip
cookie
session cluster:
session server
kv: memcached, redis
Tomcat集群
- (1) LB tomcat
nginx tomcats （upsteam模块） apache tomcats
- (2) LB tomcat cluster
- (3) LB tomcat
session server
memcached
- apache: tomcats
(1) apache:
mod_proxy
mod_proxy_http
mod_proxy_balancer
tomcat:
http connector
(2) apache:
mod_proxy
mod_proxy_ajp
mod_proxy_balancer
tomcat:
ajp connector
(3) apache:
mod_jk
tomcat:
ajp connector
- 第一种方法的实现：
<proxy balancer://lbcluster1>
BalancerMember http://172.16.100.68:8080 loadfactor=10 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://172.16.100.69:8080 loadfactor=10 route=TomcatB
</proxy>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName web1.evescn.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://lbcluster1/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lbcluster1/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
如果需要会话绑定：
Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED
<proxy balancer://lbcluster1>
BalancerMember http://172.16.100.68:8080 loadfactor=10 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http://172.16.100.69:8080 loadfactor=10 route=TomcatB
ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID
</proxy>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName web1.evescn.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://lbcluster1/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lbcluster1/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
- 第二种方法的实现：
#Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED
<proxy balancer://lbcluster1>
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.100.68:8009 loadfactor=10 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember ajp://172.16.100.69:8009 loadfactor=10 route=TomcatB
ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID
</proxy>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName web1.evescn.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / balancer://lbcluster1/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lbcluster1/
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
- 补充:mod_proxy_balancer模块内置的manager：
<Location /balancer-manager> SetHandler balancer-manager Proxypass ! Order Deny,Allow Allow from all </Location>
- 第三种方式：
mod_jk：额外编译安装
(1) 反向代理 模块配置文件：mod_jk.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel debug JkMount /* TomcatA JkMount /status/ stat1 workers配置文件：workers.properties worker.list=TomcatA,stat1 worker.TomcatA.port=8009 worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.100.68 worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13 worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1 worker.stat1.type = status 注意：status的访问要做访问控制；
(2) 负载均衡 模块配置文件：mod_jk.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel debug JkMount /* lbcluster1 JkMount /status/ stat1 workers配置文件：workers.properties worker.list = lbcluster1,stat1 worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13 worker.TomcatA.host = 172.16.100.68 worker.TomcatA.port = 8009 worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 1 worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13 worker.TomcatB.host = 172.16.100.69 worker.TomcatB.port = 8009 worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 1 worker.lbcluster1.type = lb worker.lbcluster1.sticky_session = 0 worker.lbcluster1.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB worker.stat1.type = status
- Session Cluster：
session manager：会话管理器
StandardManager
PersistentManager：
FileStore
JDBC
DeltaManager
BackupManager
构建步骤：
(1) 各节点配置使用deltamaanager：
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.1.7"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="4000"
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
(2) 为需要使用session cluster的webapps开启session distribution的功能：
WEB-INF/web.xml中添加
<distributable/>