• linux根目录扩容方法


    参考:https://www.jb51.net/article/144291.htm

    https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43139644/article/details/89948983

    1. 查看磁盘空间大小,使用df -h 命令

    文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
    devtmpfs                 1.4G     0  1.4G    0% /dev
    tmpfs                    1.4G     0  1.4G    0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                    1.4G   11M  1.4G    1% /run
    tmpfs                    1.4G     0  1.4G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/mapper/centos-root  7.0G  4.7G  2.4G   67% /
    /dev/sda1               1014M  185M  830M   19% /boot
    tmpfs                    283M   20K  283M    1% /run/user/1000
    /dev/sr0                 4.5G  4.5G     0  100% /run/media/zhujiachun/CentOS 7 x86_64

    2. 增加磁盘空间,例如下图使用VM虚拟机增加的方式。

    3.使用fdisk -l命令查看磁盘信息。当看到第一行Disk /dev/vda: 161.1 GB与实际df -h显示内容不符时,说明增加磁盘成功了。

    root@ubuntu14:/opt# fdisk -l
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 161.1 GB, 161061273600 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 312076 cylinders, total 314572800 sectors
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x0001a023
    
      设备 启动   起点     终点   块数  Id 系统
    /dev/vda1  *    2048   499711   248832  83 Linux
    /dev/vda2     501758  62912511  31205377  5 扩展
    /dev/vda5     501760  62912511  31205376  8e Linux LVM
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu14--vg-root: 29.8 GB, 29804724224 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3623 cylinders, total 58212352 sectors
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x00000000
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu14--vg-root doesn't contain a valid partition table
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu14--vg-swap_1: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders, total 4194304 sectors
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x00000000
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu14--vg-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

    4.使用fdisk /dev/sda, 创建新分区。

    注意:不同操作系统的磁盘命名方式不同,有些是/dev/sda。具体使用方式参考第三步中fdisk -l首行显示Disk。如笔者在该系统中首行显示为Disk /dev/vda: 161.1 GB, 161061273600 bytes ,故使用命令fdisk /dev/vda)

    按照下面Linux操作进行分区。

    root@ubuntu14:/opt# fdisk /dev/vda
    
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助): m
    命令操作
      a  toggle a bootable flag
      b  edit bsd disklabel
      c  toggle the dos compatibility flag
      d  delete a partition
      l  list known partition types
      m  print this menu
      n  add a new partition
      o  create a new empty DOS partition table
      p  print the partition table
      q  quit without saving changes
      s  create a new empty Sun disklabel
      t  change a partition's system id
      u  change display/entry units
      v  verify the partition table
      w  write table to disk and exit
      x  extra functionality (experts only)
    
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助): n #new 新分区
    Partition type:
      p  primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)
      l  logical (numbered from 5)
    Select (default p): p  #选择主分区
    分区号 (1-4,默认为 3): 3 #分区序号
    起始 sector (499712-314572799,默认为 499712): #分区开始回车默认
    将使用默认值 499712
    Last sector, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (499712-501757,默认为 501757): 
    将使用默认值 501757
    
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助): t  #修改分区格式
    分区号 (1-5): 4  #修改分区号
    Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e #格式选择8e  linux LVM
    Changed system type of partition 4 to 8e (Linux LVM)
    
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助): p #显示分区信息
    
    Disk /dev/vda: 161.1 GB, 161061273600 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 312076 cylinders, total 314572800 sectors
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x0001a023
    
      设备 启动   起点     终点   块数  Id 系统
    /dev/vda1  *    2048   499711   248832  83 Linux
    /dev/vda2     501758  62912511  31205377  5 扩展
    /dev/vda3     499712   501757    1023  83 Linux
    /dev/vda4    62912512  314572799  125830144  8e Linux LVM
    /dev/vda5     501760  62912511  31205376  8e Linux LVM
    Partition table entries are not in disk order
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助): w #保存信息
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
    The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
    the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
    Syncing disks.

    5. 重启Linux操作系统,使用reboot命令。

    6. 创建物理卷,使用pvcreate /dev/sda3命令。

    root@ubuntu14:~# pvcreate /dev/sda3
     Physical volume "/dev/vda4" successfully created

    7.查看新建的物理卷和大小,使用pvdisplay命令。

    root@ubuntu14:~# pvdisplay
     --- Physical volume ---
     PV Name        ubuntu14-vg
     PV Size        29.76 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
     Allocatable      yes (but full)
     PE Size        4.00 MiB
     Total PE       7618
     Free PE        0
     Allocated PE     7618
     PV UUID        XR32TY-aRQC-IQC6-oCx7-aa9X-KdJe-bHmaBd
     "/dev/vda4"        /dev/vda5
     VG Name is a new physical volume of "120.00 GiB"
     --- NEW Physical volume ---
     PV Name        /dev/vda4
     VG Name        
     PV Size        120.00 GiB
     Allocatable      NO
     PE Size        0  
     Total PE       0
     Free PE        0
     Allocated PE     0
     PV UUID        MVK0IT-LDgP-eWwZ-fzQM-tdyY-kRQ-nbk122

    8. 将添加新的物理卷,加载到centos卷组,使用vgextend centos /dev/sda3命令。

    vgextend centos /dev/sdb1

    9. 逻辑卷扩容

    lvextend -l +511 /dev/mapper/centos-root

    10.接下来扩容文件系统
    注意:如果文件系统是xfs格式用 xfs_growfs ,ext4格式用resize2fs

    xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root

    11.df -h 查看结果

    扩容完成!

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/erchun/p/14634615.html
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