我的CentOS是用VirtualBox做的虚拟机，安装好以后最好再将VBoxAdditions增强功能装上，主要目的是能够在虚拟机和宿主机之间能够共享文件。
1. 更新内核。CentOS 6.2对应的kernel默认为2.6.32-220.el6：
# uname -r 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64
安装增强功能需要kernel-devel包，必须保证kernel-devel和kernel版本的一致。查看软件源中kernel-devel的版本：
]# yum info kernel-devel Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn * rpmforge: mirror.oscc.org.my Available Packages Name : kernel-devel Arch : x86_64 Version : 2.6.32 Release : 279.5.2.el6 Size : 7.6 M Repo : updates Summary : Development package for building kernel modules to match the : kernel URL : http://www.kernel.org/ License : GPLv2 Description : This package provides kernel headers and makefiles sufficient to : build modules against the kernel package.
当前的kernel-devel版本是2.6.32-279.5.2.e16。因此，必须升级kernel：
# yum update kernel
升级完后必须重启系统，新的kernel才能被使用。
2. 安装kernel-devel和gcc。
# yum install kernel-devel gcc gcc-c++
3. 安装增强功能。进入增强功能光盘根目录，执行Linux下的安装命令：
# ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run Verifying archive integrity... All good. Uncompressing VirtualBox 4.1.18 Guest Additions for Linux......... VirtualBox Guest Additions installer Removing existing VirtualBox DKMS kernel modules [ OK ] Removing existing VirtualBox non-DKMS kernel modules [ OK ] Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules Building the main Guest Additions module [ OK ] Building the shared folder support module [ OK ] Building the OpenGL support module [FAILED] (Look at /var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went wrong) Doing non-kernel setup of the Guest Additions [ OK ] Installing the Window System drivers Installing X.Org Server 1.10 modules [ OK ] Setting up the Window System to use the Guest Additions [ OK ] You may need to restart the hal service and the Window System (or just restart the guest system) to enable the Guest Additions. Installing graphics libraries and desktop services componen[ OK ]
安装VBoxLinuxAdditions可能会报错：
$ ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
... ... Building the main Guest Additions module [FAILED] (Look at /var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went wrong) ... ...
$ cat /var/log/vboxadd-install.log /tmp/vbox.0/Makefile.include.header:97: *** Error: unable to find the sources of your current Linux kernel. Specify KERN_DIR=<directory> and run Make again. Stop. Creating user for the Guest Additions. Creating udev rule for the Guest Additions kernel module.
可能是内核目录和内核版本不一致造成的：
$ ls /usr/src/kernels/ 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 $ uname -r 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64
建立一个链接指向内核目录应该就可以解决问题：
$ ls -l /usr/src/kernels/ total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 22 root root 4096 May 24 17:39 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 42 May 24 17:38 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 -> /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64