2020系统综合实践 第3次实践作业

安装Docker Compose

通过pip安装

$ sudo pip install -U docker-compose

//为文件添加可执行权限
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

//创建软链
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

//查看是否安装成功
$ docker-compose --version

Dockerfile编写

mysql

#基础镜像
FROM mysql
#作者信息
MAINTAINER <ljy, 1730166565@qq.com>
#设置root密码
ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 123456
#设置不可免密登录
ENV MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD no

php

#基础镜像
FROM php:7.4-fpm
#作者信息
MAINTAINER <ljy, 1730166565@qq.com>
FROM php:7.4-fpm
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y 
        libfreetype6-dev 
        libjpeg62-turbo-dev 
        libpng-dev 
    && docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql 
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg 
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd

nginx

#基础镜像
FROM nginx
#作者信息
MAINTAINER <ljy, 1730166565@qq.com>
#声明暴露的端口
EXPOSE 2020

配置文件

server {
    listen       2020;        #修改映射端口
    server_name  localhost;

    location / {
        root   /my_html;     #修改工作目录
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    location ~ .php$ {
        root           /my_php;          #修改工作目录
        fastcgi_pass   myphp:9000;        #修改为容器名
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

使用Compose实现多容器运行机制

docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
    nginx:
        image: mynginx_image                #指定镜像名
        container_name: mynginx             #指定容器名
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: Dockerfile_Nginx      #指定dockerfile文件
        ports:
            - "80:2020"                       #修改端口映射
        volumes:
            - ./web:/my_html                  
            - ./default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf     #配置文件
    php:
        image: myphp_image 
        container_name: myphp 
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: Dockerfile_Php 
        environment:
            MYSQL_PASSWORD: 123456           
        volumes:
            - ./web:/my_php               

    mysql:
        image: mysql_image 
        container_name: mysql
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: Dockerfile_Mysql
        ports:
            - "3306:3306"
        volumes:
            - ./mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql   

运行docker-compose

$ sudo docker-compose up -d --build

• 查看容器和镜像

• 访问 localhost/index.html

服务测试

• 连接测试 修改index.php

  <?php
  #需要根据自己的实际情况配置
  $servername = "mysql";    
  $username = "root";
  $password = "123456";     
  
  try {
      $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername", $username, $password);
      echo "连接成功！！！"; 
  } catch(PDOException $e){
      echo $e->getMessage();
  }
  

• 创建一个Student数据库

  修改index.php文件

  <?php 
  $servername = "mysql"; 
  $username = "root"; 
  $password = "123456"; 
  
  try { 
      $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername", $username, $password); 
  
      // 设置 PDO 错误模式为异常 
      $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); 
      $sql = "CREATE DATABASE Student"; 
  
      // 使用 exec() ，因为没有结果返回 
      $conn->exec($sql); 
  
      echo "数据库创建成功<br>"; 
  } catch (PDOException $e) { 
      echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage(); 
  } 
  
  $conn = null; 
  ?>
  

• 创建一个student表

  <?php
  $servername = "mysql";
  $username = "root";
  $password = "123456";
  $dbname="Student";       
   
  try {
      $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);    #选择数据库
      $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
      // 使用 sql 创建数据表
      $sql = "CREATE TABLE student(
          id int(4) not null primary key,
          name varchar(16) not null
      ); ";
      // 使用 exec() ，没有结果返回 
      $conn->exec($sql);
      echo "数据表 student 创建成功";
  }
  catch(PDOException $e)
  {
      echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
  }
   
  $conn = null;
  ?>
  

• 插入数据

  <?php
  $servername = "mysql";
  $username = "root";
  $password = "123456";
  $dbname="Student";       
   
  try {
      $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
      // 设置 PDO 错误模式，用于抛出异常
      $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
       //开始事务
      $conn->beginTransaction();
      $conn->exec("INSERT INTO student (id,name)
      VALUES ('0','Tom')");
      $conn->exec("INSERT INTO student (id,name)
      VALUES ('1','Jack')");
      $conn->exec("INSERT INTO student (id,name)
      VALUES ('2','Pony')");
  
      // 提交事务
      $conn->commit();
      echo "插入数据成功!";
  }
  catch(PDOException $e)
  {
      $conn->rollback();
      echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
  }
   
  $conn = null;
  ?>
  

• 删除数据

  <?php
  $servername = "mysql";
  $username = "root";
  $password = "123456";
  $dbname="Student";       
   
  try {
      $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
      // 设置 PDO 错误模式，用于抛出异常
      $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
       //开始事务
      $conn->beginTransaction();
      $conn->exec("DELETE FROM student WHERE id='0'");
  
      // 提交事务
      $conn->commit();
      echo "插入数据成功!";
  }
  catch(PDOException $e)
  {
      $conn->rollback();
      echo $sql . "<br>" . $e->getMessage();
  }
   
  $conn = null;
  ?>
  

选做

Dockerfile

#基础镜像
FROM phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin            
#作者信息
MAINTAINER <ljy, 1730166565@qq.com>
#声明暴露的端口
EXPOSE 8080

docker-compose.yml添加相关配置

phpmyadmin:
        image: phpmyadmin_image
        container_name: myphpmyadmin
        build: 
            context: .
            dockerfile: Dokcerfile_Phpmyadmin
        ports: 
            - "8080:80" 
        environment:
            PMA_HOST: mysql

运行docker-compose

//先停止之前运行的docker-compose
$ docker-compose down

$ docker-compose up -d --build

数据库测试

• 访问localhos:8080

• 登录并查看数据库

• 插入、删除数据

实验小结

前面参考同学的博客都比较顺利，选做重新运行docker-compose build的时候老是报错[14772] Cannot open self /usr/local/bin/docker-compose or archive /usr/local/bin/docker-compose.pkg，可能是我用pip安装的缘故？后面换了一种方法重新装了docker-compose解决了，有可视化界面还是很友好的～～。总的来说比较顺利。这次作业大概花了7个小时的样子，大部分时间都在看博客和相关资料。