打包pyqt文件
如何将pyqt生成exe的二进制文件呢，pyinstaller就是这样的工具
可以将脚本文件.py 文件转换为编辑后的二进制文件，在进行发布
下面说下，如果打包
一. 安装：
下载地址：https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller
最新版本pyinstaller2.1.1 (2015-01)
python setup.py install
pyinstaller 是有依赖包的，安装之前必须要安装pywin32， 在网上找到对应版本的pywin32.msi
二. 写一个要打包的py文件
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import sys from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore class buttonRedrect(QtGui.QWidget): def __init__(self): super(buttonRedrect, self).__init__() self.setWindowTitle('Mouse Event') self.setWindowIcon(QtGui.QIcon('QQ.png')) self.labels = QtGui.QLabel(u'点我试试！', self) self.labels.setGeometry(50, 50, 150, 50) self.labels.mouseReleaseEvent = self.events def events(self, event): ev=event.button() if ev== QtCore.Qt.LeftButton: OK = QtGui.QMessageBox.information(self, (u'提示'),(u'左键'),QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes , QtGui.QMessageBox.No) if OK==QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes: QtGui.QMessageBox.information(self, (u'提示'),(u'YES'),QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes) else: QtGui.QMessageBox.information(self, (u'提示'),(u'NO'),QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes) elif ev == QtCore.Qt.RightButton: OK = QtGui.QMessageBox.warning(self, (u'提示'),(u'右键'),QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes , QtGui.QMessageBox.No) elif ev == QtCore.Qt.MiddleButton: OK = QtGui.QMessageBox.question(self, (u'提示'),(u'滚动轴'),QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes , QtGui.QMessageBox.No) app=QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) buttonr=buttonRedrect() buttonr.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
三. 文件打包
在要打包的同级目录下，新建一个pyinstaller.py， 内容如下
#! /usr/bin/env python #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Copyright (c) 2013, PyInstaller Development Team. # # Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License with exception # for distributing bootloader. # # The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software. #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- """ Main command-line interface to PyInstaller. """ # from PyInstaller import * import os if __name__ == '__main__': from PyInstaller.main import run opts=['abc.py','-F','-w','--icon=favicon.ico'] run(opts)
其中opts是参数，将参数修改成你要的需求
-- 参数说明：
-F, --onefile Py代码只有一个文件
-D, --onedir Py代码放在一个目录中（默认是这个）
-K, --tk 包含TCL/TK
-d, --debug 生成debug模式的exe文件
-w, --windowed, --noconsole 窗体exe文件(Windows Only)
-c, --nowindowed, --console 控制台exe文件(Windows Only)
-o DIR, --out=DIR 设置spec文件输出的目录，默认在PyInstaller同目录
--icon=<FILE.ICO> 加入图标（Windows Only）
-v FILE, --version=FILE 加入版本信息文件
--upx-dir, 压缩可执行程序
将命令行CMD切换切换到当前要打包的目录
F:projectpyqtTEST>
输入命令：
python pyinstaller.py
等5，6秒pyinstaller的INFO编译完成之后，目录里面就多出两个文件夹 build 和 dist， 其中 dist 里面就是二进制的打包文件
--遇到的问题：
在给打包文件添加icon的时候，报错
File "C:Python27libsite-packagespyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.eggPyInstalleruild.py", line 320, in __postinit__ self.assemble() File "C:Python27libsite-packagespyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.eggPyInstalleruild.py", line 1245, in assemble icon.CopyIcons(tmpnm, self.icon) File "C:Python27libsite-packagespyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.eggPyInstallerutilsicon.py", line 170, in CopyIcons hsrc = win32api.LoadLibraryEx(srcpath, 0, LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE) pywintypes.error: (193, 'LoadLibraryEx', '%1 xb2xbbxcaxc7xd3xd0xd0xa7xb5xc4 Win32 xd3xa6xd3xc3xb3xccxd0xf2xa1xa3')
当时我选择的icon参数是： --icon=favicon.png
后来把icon格式改为favicon.ico，才可以， 且 icon的参数不能带 " ' " or ' " '
pyinstaller Using UPX
UPX的作用是给生成的exe加壳，减小体积, 我测试打包一个pyqt14Mb文件UPX压缩后只有9Mb
下载upx
地址：http://upx.sourceforge.net/ （最新upx391w.zip，2013-05月）
官网说明
http://pythonhosted.org/PyInstaller/#using-upx
Using UPXUPX is a free utility available for most operating systems. UPX compresses executable files and libraries, making them smaller, sometimes much smaller. UPX is available for most operating systems and can compress a large number of executable file formats. See the UPX home page for downloads, and for the list of supported executable formats. As of May 2013, the only major absence is 64-bit binaries for Windows and Mac OS X. UPX has no effect on these. A compressed executable program is wrapped in UPX startup code that dynamically decompresses the program when the program is launched. After it has been decompressed, the program runs normally. In the case of a PyInstaller one-file executable that has been UPX-compressed, the full execution sequence is:
PyInstaller looks for UPX on the execution path or the path specified with the --upx-dir option. If UPX exists, PyInstaller applies it to the final executable, unless the --noupx option was given. UPX has been used with PyInstaller output often, usually with no problems. |
使用
将下载的UPX包解压，将upx.exe 复制到pyinstaller的根目录 或项目目录，在pyinstaller参数中添加--upx-dir=FILE
注意：
- 网上教程常见的-X选项启用upx已经失效
- 如果upx.exe已经复制到PyInstaller文件夹下，会默认使用upx，如果不在文件夹下，可以使用--upx-dir选项，如--upx-dir=upx_dir，如--upx-dir=/usr/local/share/ or --upx-dir=./
- 如果upx.exe复制到了PyInstaller文件夹下，如果不想使用upx，需要添加参数 --noupx
upx打包报错：
upx: C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27mfcm90u.dll: CantPackException: .NET files (win32/.net) are not yet supported 34447 INFO: Executing - ./upx --lzma -q C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27qtgui4.dll 39400 INFO: Executing - ./upx --lzma -q C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27qtsvg4.dll 39618 INFO: Executing - ./upx --lzma -q C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27qtxml4.dll 39877 INFO: Executing - ./upx --lzma -q C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27qtopengl4.dll upx: C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27qtopengl4.dll: IOException: rename error: File exists Cannot find ('qtopengl4.dll', 'C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27qtopengl4.dll', 1, 'b') Traceback (most recent call last):
意思就是没有找到qtopeng14.dll,
解决办法： 复制Python安装目录C:Python27Libsite-packagesPyQt4 下的QtOpenGL4.dll到C:UsersAdministratorAppDataRoamingpyinstallerincache01_py27
--version添加版权信息
我们发现一般打包的二进制exe文件都有版权信息，如QQ
那pyinstaller如何添加版权信息呢？
添加版权信息很简单，添加参数：
-v FILE, --version=FILE 加入版本信息文件
官网说明：
地址： http://pythonhosted.org/PyInstaller/#capturing-version-data
Capturing Version Datapyi-grab_version executable_with_version_resource The pyi-grab_version command is invoked with the full path name of a Windows executable that has a Version resource. (A Version resource contains a group of data structures, some containing binary integers and some containing strings, that describe the properties of the executable. For details see the Version Information Structures page.) The command writes text that represents a Version resource in readable form. The version text is written to standard output. You can copy it from the console window or redirect it to a file. Then you can edit the version information to adapt it to your program. This approach is used because version resources are complex. Some elements are optional, others required. When you view the version tab of a Properties dialog, there's no simple relationship between the data displayed and the structure of the resource. Using pyi-grab_version you can find an executable that displays the kind of information you want, copy its resource data, and modify it to suit your package. The version text file is encoded UTF-8 and may contain non-ASCII characters. (Unicode characters are allowed in Version resource string fields.) Be sure to edit and save the text file in UTF-8 unless you are certain it contains only ASCII string values. The edited version text file can be given with a --version-file= option to pyinstaller or pyi-makespec. The text data is converted to a Version resource and installed in the executable output. In a Version resource there are two 64-bit binary values, FileVersion and ProductVersion. In the version text file these are given as four-element tuples, for example: filevers=(2, 0, 4, 0), prodvers=(2, 0, 4, 0), The elements of each tuple represent 16-bit values from most-significant to least-significant. For example the FileVersion value given resolves to 0002000000040000 in hex. set_version version_text_file executable_file The set_version utility reads a version text file as written by pyi-grab_version, converts it to a Version resource, and installs that resource in the executable_file specified. For advanced uses, examine a version text file. You find it is Python code that creates a VSVersionInfo object. The class definition for VSVersionInfo is found in utils/versioninfo.py in the PyInstallerdistribution folder. You can write a program that imports that module. In that program you can eval the contents of a version info text file to produce a VSVersionInfo object. You can use the .toRaw()method of that object to produce a Version resource in binary form. Or you can apply the unicode() function to the object to reproduce the version text file. |
使用pyinstaller内置的grab_version.py工具获得其他.exe程序的版本信息文件，版本信息文件里面包括公司名、程序名称版本号、文件说明、语言等
然后再把这个信息里面的相关信息更改成你想要的信息，再使用上面的--version-file=version_text_file
使用
grab_version.py的位置： Python安装目录Libsite-packagesPyInstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.eggPyInstallercliutilsgrab_version.py
同时你也可以在Python安装目录找到C:Python27Scriptspyi-grab_version.exe (前提已经安装pyinstaller) 直接使用pyi-grab_version.exe
python grab_version.py C:QQProtect.exe
或
pyi-grab_version.exe C:QQProtect.exe
产生的file_version_info.txt内容如下：
# UTF-8 # # For more details about fixed file info 'ffi' see: # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms646997.aspx VSVersionInfo( ffi=FixedFileInfo( # filevers and prodvers should be always a tuple with four items: (1, 2, 3, 4) # Set not needed items to zero 0. filevers=(3, 9, 3, 7012), prodvers=(3, 9, 3, 0), # Contains a bitmask that specifies the valid bits 'flags'r mask=0x3f, # Contains a bitmask that specifies the Boolean attributes of the file. flags=0x0, # The operating system for which this file was designed. # 0x4 - NT and there is no need to change it. OS=0x4, # The general type of file. # 0x1 - the file is an application. fileType=0x1, # The function of the file. # 0x0 - the function is not defined for this fileType subtype=0x0, # Creation date and time stamp. date=(0, 0) ), kids=[ StringFileInfo( [ StringTable( u'040904e4', [StringStruct(u'CompanyName', u'Tencent'), StringStruct(u'FileDescription', u'QQ安全防护进程'), StringStruct(u'FileVersion', u'3.9.3.7012'), StringStruct(u'InternalName', u'QQProtect '), StringStruct(u'LegalCopyright', u'Copyright (C) 1999-2014 Tencent All Rights Reserved'), StringStruct(u'OriginalFilename', u'QQProtect.exe'), StringStruct(u'ProductName', u'腾讯QQ'), StringStruct(u'ProductVersion', u'3.9.3.0')]) ]), VarFileInfo([VarStruct(u'Translation', [1033, 1252])]) ] )
我们修改上面txt文件内容信息保存到项目中的根目录
修改后：
# UTF-8 # # For more details about fixed file info 'ffi' see: # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms646997.aspx VSVersionInfo( ffi=FixedFileInfo( # filevers and prodvers should be always a tuple with four items: (1, 2, 3, 4) # Set not needed items to zero 0. filevers=(3, 9, 3, 7012), prodvers=(3, 9, 3, 0), # Contains a bitmask that specifies the valid bits 'flags'r mask=0x3f, # Contains a bitmask that specifies the Boolean attributes of the file. flags=0x0, # The operating system for which this file was designed. # 0x4 - NT and there is no need to change it. OS=0x4, # The general type of file. # 0x1 - the file is an application. fileType=0x1, # The function of the file. # 0x0 - the function is not defined for this fileType subtype=0x0, # Creation date and time stamp. date=(0, 0) ), kids=[ StringFileInfo( [ StringTable( u'040904e4', [StringStruct(u'CompanyName', u'Pyqt公司'), StringStruct(u'FileDescription', u'Pyqt版本信息测试'), StringStruct(u'FileVersion', u'1.0.0.12'), StringStruct(u'InternalName', u'www.pyqt.com '), StringStruct(u'LegalCopyright', u'Copyright (C) 1999-2015 pyqt All Rights Reserved'), StringStruct(u'OriginalFilename', u'getversion.exe'), StringStruct(u'ProductName', u'Pyqt版本信息显示效果'), StringStruct(u'ProductVersion', u'1.9.3.0')]) ]), VarFileInfo([VarStruct(u'Translation', [1033, 1252])]) ] )
pyinstaller命令：
if __name__ == '__main__': from PyInstaller.main import run params=['Getversion.py', '-F', '-w', '--icon=favicon.ico', '--version-file=file_version_info.txt'] run(params)
效果：
