Twitter的SnowFlake算法,使用SnowFlake算法生成一个整数，然后转化为62进制变成一个短地址URL
/**
* Twitter的SnowFlake算法,使用SnowFlake算法生成一个整数，然后转化为62进制变成一个短地址URL
* @author @author beyond https://github.com/beyondfengyu/SnowFlake
* @author xuliugen
* @date 2018/04/23
*/
public class SnowFlakeShortUrl {
/**
* 起始的时间戳
*/
private final static long START_TIMESTAMP = 1480166465631L;
/**
* 每一部分占用的位数
*/
private final static long SEQUENCE_BIT = 12; //序列号占用的位数
private final static long MACHINE_BIT = 5; //机器标识占用的位数
private final static long DATA_CENTER_BIT = 5; //数据中心占用的位数
/**
* 每一部分的最大值
*/
private final static long MAX_SEQUENCE = -1L ^ (-1L << SEQUENCE_BIT);
private final static long MAX_MACHINE_NUM = -1L ^ (-1L << MACHINE_BIT);
private final static long MAX_DATA_CENTER_NUM = -1L ^ (-1L << DATA_CENTER_BIT);
/**
* 每一部分向左的位移
*/
private final static long MACHINE_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT;
private final static long DATA_CENTER_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT + MACHINE_BIT;
private final static long TIMESTAMP_LEFT = DATA_CENTER_LEFT + DATA_CENTER_BIT;
private long dataCenterId; //数据中心
private long machineId; //机器标识
private long sequence = 0L; //序列号
private long lastTimeStamp = -1L; //上一次时间戳
/**
* 根据指定的数据中心ID和机器标志ID生成指定的序列号
* @param dataCenterId 数据中心ID
* @param machineId 机器标志ID
*/
public SnowFlakeShortUrl(long dataCenterId, long machineId) {
if (dataCenterId > MAX_DATA_CENTER_NUM || dataCenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("DtaCenterId can't be greater than MAX_DATA_CENTER_NUM or less than 0！");
}
if (machineId > MAX_MACHINE_NUM || machineId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("MachineId can't be greater than MAX_MACHINE_NUM or less than 0！");
}
this.dataCenterId = dataCenterId;
this.machineId = machineId;
}
/**
* 产生下一个ID
* @return
*/
public synchronized long nextId() {
long currTimeStamp = getNewTimeStamp();
if (currTimeStamp < lastTimeStamp) {
throw new RuntimeException("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id");
}
if (currTimeStamp == lastTimeStamp) {
//相同毫秒内，序列号自增
sequence = (sequence + 1) & MAX_SEQUENCE;
//同一毫秒的序列数已经达到最大
if (sequence == 0L) {
currTimeStamp = getNextMill();
}
} else {
//不同毫秒内，序列号置为0
sequence = 0L;
}
lastTimeStamp = currTimeStamp;
return (currTimeStamp - START_TIMESTAMP) << TIMESTAMP_LEFT //时间戳部分
| dataCenterId << DATA_CENTER_LEFT //数据中心部分
| machineId << MACHINE_LEFT //机器标识部分
| sequence; //序列号部分
}
private long getNextMill() {
long mill = getNewTimeStamp();
while (mill <= lastTimeStamp) {
mill = getNewTimeStamp();
}
return mill;
}
private long getNewTimeStamp() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SnowFlakeShortUrl snowFlake = new SnowFlakeShortUrl(2, 3);
for (int i = 0; i < (1 << 4); i++) {
//10进制
Long id = snowFlake.nextId();
//62进制
String convertedNumStr = NumericConvertUtils.toOtherNumberSystem(id, 62);
//10进制转化为62进制
System.out.println("10进制：" + id + " 62进制:" + convertedNumStr);
//TODO 执行具体的存储操作，可以存放在Redis等中
//62进制转化为10进制
System.out.println("62进制：" + convertedNumStr + " 10进制:" + NumericConvertUtils.toDecimalNumber(convertedNumStr, 62));
System.out.println();
}
}
}
/**
* 进制转换工具，最大支持十进制和62进制的转换
* 1、将十进制的数字转换为指定进制的字符串；
* 2、将其它进制的数字（字符串形式）转换为十进制的数字
* @author xuliugen
* @date 2018/04/23
*/
public class NumericConvertUtils {
/**
* 在进制表示中的字符集合，0-Z分别用于表示最大为62进制的符号表示
*/
private static final char[] digits = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'};
/**
* 将十进制的数字转换为指定进制的字符串
* @param number 十进制的数字
* @param seed 指定的进制
* @return 指定进制的字符串
*/
public static String toOtherNumberSystem(long number, int seed) {
if (number < 0) {
number = ((long) 2 * 0x7fffffff) + number + 2;
}
char[] buf = new char[32];
int charPos = 32;
while ((number / seed) > 0) {
buf[--charPos] = digits[(int) (number % seed)];
number /= seed;
}
buf[--charPos] = digits[(int) (number % seed)];
return new String(buf, charPos, (32 - charPos));
}
/**
* 将其它进制的数字（字符串形式）转换为十进制的数字
* @param number 其它进制的数字（字符串形式）
* @param seed 指定的进制，也就是参数str的原始进制
* @return 十进制的数字
*/
public static long toDecimalNumber(String number, int seed) {
char[] charBuf = number.toCharArray();
if (seed == 10) {
return Long.parseLong(number);
}
long result = 0, base = 1;
for (int i = charBuf.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
int index = 0;
for (int j = 0, length = digits.length; j < length; j++) {
//找到对应字符的下标，对应的下标才是具体的数值
if (digits[j] == charBuf[i]) {
index = j;
}
}
result += index * base;
base *= seed;
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(toOtherNumberSystem(1857568745871168L, 64));
System.out.println(toDecimalNumber("6CnbJfBt0", 64));
System.out.println();
System.out.println(toOtherNumberSystem(185748383552778241L, 64));
System.out.println(toDecimalNumber("ajWiKPh301", 64));
}
}