• Oracle 10g RAC On Windows 2003 Using VMware Server


    Oracle 10g RAC On Windows 2003 Using VMware ServerThis article describes the installation of Oracle 10g release 2 (10.2.0.1) RAC on Windows 2003 Server Standard Edition using VMware Server with no additional shared disk devices.
    IntroductionOne of the biggest obstacles preventing people from setting up test RAC environments is the requirement for shared storage. In a production environment, shared storage is often provided by a SAN or high-end NAS device, but both of these options are very expensive when all you want to do is get some experience installing and using RAC. A cheaper alternative is to use a FireWire disk enclosure to allow two machines to access the same disk(s), but that still costs money and requires two servers. A third option is to use VMware Server to fake the shared storage.

    Using VMware Server you can run multiple Virtual Machines (VMs) on a single server, allowing you to run both RAC nodes on a single machine. In additon, it allows you to set up shared virtual disks, overcoming the obstacle of expensive shared storage.

    Before you launch into this installation, here are a few things to consider.
    • The finished system includes the host operating system, two guest operating systems, two sets of Oracle Clusterware, two ASM instances and two Database instances all on a single server. As you can imagine, this requires a significant amount of disk space, CPU and memory. To complete this installation I used a dual 3.0G Xeon server with 4G of memory.
    • This procedure provides a bare bones installation to get the RAC working. There is no redundancy in the Clusterware installation or the ASM installation. To add this, simply create double the amount of shared disks and select the "Normal" redundancy option when it is offered. Of course, this will take more disk space.
    • During the virtual disk creation, I always choose not to preallocate the disk space. This makes virtual disk access slower during the installation, but saves on wasted disk space.
    • This is not, and should not be considered, a production-ready system. It's simply to allow you to get used to installing and using RAC.
    Download SoftwareDownload the following software.
    VMware Server InstallationFor this article, I used CentOS 4.3 as the host operating systems. To use Windows as the host operating system, simply run the executable installation file and ignore the following VMware Server installation information.

    First, install the VMware Server software. On Linux you do this with the following command as the root user.
    # rpm -Uvh VMware-server-*.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:VMware-server ########################################### [100%] #
    Then finish the configuration by running the vmware-config.pl script as the root user. Most of the questions can be answered with the default response by pressing the return key. The output below shows my responses to the questions.
    # vmware-config.pl Making sure services for VMware Server are stopped. Stopping VMware services: Virtual machine monitor [ OK ] You must read and accept the End User License Agreement to continue. Press enter to display it. VMWARE, INC. SOFTWARE BETA TEST AGREEMENT *** Editied out license agreement *** Do you accept? (yes/no) yes Thank you. Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries. In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons? [/usr/share/icons] What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a .desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications] In which directory do you want to install the application's icon? [/usr/share/pixmaps] Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel. The module bld-2.6.9-5.EL-i686smp-RHEL4 loads perfectly in the running kernel. Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes] Configuring a bridged network for vmnet0. The following bridged networks have been defined: . vmnet0 is bridged to eth0 All your ethernet interfaces are already bridged. Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines? (yes/no) [yes] Configuring a NAT network for vmnet8. Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help) [yes] Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)... The subnet 172.16.210.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused. The following NAT networks have been defined: . vmnet8 is a NAT network on private subnet 172.16.210.0. Do you wish to configure another NAT network? (yes/no) [no] Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual machines? [yes] no Trying to find a suitable vmnet module for your running kernel. The module bld-2.6.9-5.EL-i686smp-RHEL4 loads perfectly in the running kernel. Please specify a port for remote console connections to use [902] Stopping xinetd: [ OK ] Starting xinetd: [ OK ] Configuring the VMware VmPerl Scripting API. Building the VMware VmPerl Scripting API. Using compiler "/usr/bin/gcc". Use environment variable CC to override. The installation of the VMware VmPerl Scripting API succeeded. Do you want this program to set up permissions for your registered virtual machines? This will be done by setting new permissions on all files found in the "/etc/vmware/vm-list" file. [no] yes Generating SSL Server Certificate In which directory do you want to keep your virtual machine files? [/var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines] /u01/VM Do you want to enter a serial number now? (yes/no/help) [no] yes Please enter your 20-character serial number. Type XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX or 'Enter' to cancel: ENTER-YOUR-SERIAL-NUMBER Starting VMware services: Virtual machine monitor [ OK ] Virtual ethernet [ OK ] Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 [ OK ] Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet8 (background) [ OK ] NAT service on /dev/vmnet8 [ OK ] Starting VMware virtual machines... [ OK ] The configuration of VMware Server e.x.p build-22874 for Linux for this running kernel completed successfully. #
    The VMware Server Console is started by issuing the command "vmware" at the command prompt, or by selecting it from the "System Tools" menu.

    VMware Server Menu

    On the "Connect to Host" dialog, accept the "Local host" option by clicking the "Connect" button.

    VMware Server Console Login

    You are then presented with the main VMware Server Console screen.

    VMware Server Console

    The VMware Server is now installed and ready to use.
    Virtual Machine SetupNow we must define the two virtual RAC nodes. We can save time by defining one VM, then cloning it when it is installed. In this article I use Linux as my host operating system, so all the file paths are UNIX style paths. If you are using a Windows host operating system you would expect to use Windows style paths to the various VMware files, so adjust the paths as necessary.

    Click the "Create a new virtual machine" button to start the "New Virtual Machine Wizard". Click the "Next" button onthe welcome page.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Welcome

    Select the "Custom" virtual machine configuration and click the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Config Type

    Select the "Windows" guest operating system option, and set the version to "Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition", then click the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Guest OS

    Enter the name "RAC1" and the location should default to "/u01/VM/RAC1", then click the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Name

    Select the required number of processors and click the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Processors

    Uncheck the "Make this virtual machine private" checkbox and click the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Private

    Select the amount of memory to associate with the virtual machine. Remember, you are going to need two instances, so don't associate too much, but you are going to need approximately 1 Gig (1024 Meg) to compete the installation successfully.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Memory

    Accept the "Use bridged networking" option by clicking the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Network

    Accept the "LSI Logic" option by clicking the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard IO Adapter

    Select the "Create a new virtual disk" option and click the "Next" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard New Disk

    Accept the "SCSI" option by clicking the "Next" button. It's a virtual disk, so you can still use this option even if your physical disk is IDE or SATA.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Disk Type

    Set the disk size to "10.0" GB and uncheck the "Allocate all disk space now" option. The latter will make disk access slower, but will save you wasting disk space.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Disk Size

    Accept "RAC1.vmdk" as the disk file name and complete the VM creation by clicking the "Finish" button.

    New Virtual Machine Wizard Disk File

    On the "VMware Server Console" screen, click the "Edit virtual machine settings" button.

    Console

    On the "Virtual Machine Settings" screen, highlight the "Floppy 1" drive and click the "- Remove" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Remove Floppy

    Click the "+ Add" button and select a hardware type of "Ethernet Adapter", then click the "Next" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Add Ethernet

    Accept the "Bridged" option by clicking the "Finish" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Network Type

    Click on the "Options" tab, highlight the "Startup/Shutdown" setting and select the "Don't power on virtual machine" in the "On host startup" option. Finish by clicking the "OK" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Power

    The virtual machine is now configured so we can start the guest operating system installation.
    Guest Operating System InstallationPlace the first Windows 2003 SE disk in the CD drive and start the virtual machine by clicking the "Power on this virtual machine" button. The right pane of the VMware Server Console should display a boot loader, then the Windows installation screen.

    Windows Boot

    Continue through the Windows installation as you would for a normal server. To be consistent with the rest of the article, the following information should be set during the installation:
    • hostname: RAC1
    • IP Address eth0: 192.168.2.101 (public address)
    • IP Address eth1: 192.168.0.101 (private address)
    You are free to change the IP addresses to suit your network, but remember to stay consistent with those adjustments throughout the rest of the article.
    Oracle Installation PrerequisitesPerform the following steps whilst logged into the RAC1 virtual machine.

    Amend the C:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts file to contain the following information.
    127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost # Public 192.168.2.101 rac1.localdomain rac1 192.168.2.102 rac2.localdomain rac2 #Private 192.168.0.101 rac1-priv.localdomain rac1-priv 192.168.0.102 rac2-priv.localdomain rac2-priv #Virtual 192.168.2.111 rac1-vip.localdomain rac1-vip 192.168.2.112 rac2-vip.localdomain rac2-vip
    VMware sometimes creates additional network adapters, which will prevent the clusterware from loading. Delete any additional adapters as follows. Open a command prompt on RAC1 and issue the following commands.
    set devmgr_show_nonpresent_devices=1 devmgmt.msc
    On the resulting "Device Manager" screen, pick the "View > Show hidden devices" menu option.

    Device Manager Hidden Devices

    Now check for extra network adapters. You would expect two, but if there are more than this, uninstall the greyed out adapters.

    Device Manager Network Adapters

    Open the "Network Connections" screen (Start > All Programs > Accessories > Communications > Network Connections). Rename the two connections to "public" and "private" respectively, making sure you apply the names to the appropriate connections.

    Network Connections Rename

    Check that the network settings are correct for both connections.

    Network Connections Check

    The Clusterware installation is very sensitive, so make sure you read the Checking Network Requirements section of the documentation, and make any necessary changes.

    In addition to the configuration mentioned above, the documentation suggests two more configuration changes that I did not find necessary on VMware Server. Even so, it is advisable to make the changes.

    First, ensure the public interface is first in the bind order:
    • Open the "Network Connections" dialog by right-clicking on the "My Network Places" icon and selecting the "Properties" menu option.
    • Select the "Advanced > Advanced Settings..." menu option.
    • On the "Adapters and Bindings" tab, make sure the public interface is the first interface listed.
    • Accept any modifications by clicking on the "OK" button and exiting the "Network Connections" dialog.
    Second, disable Windows Media Sensing for TCP/IP:
    • Backup the Windows registry.
    • Run the Registry Editor (Regedt32.exe) and find the following key:
      HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters
    • Add the following registry value:
      Value Name: DisableDHCPMediaSense Data Type: REG_DWORD -Boolean Value: 1
    • This change will not take effect until the computer is restarted.
    Next, install the VMware client tools.
    Install VMware Client ToolsLogin on the RAC1 virtual machine, then select the "VM > Install VMware Tools..." option from the main VMware Server Console menu.

    Install VMware Tools

    Click the "Install" button on the subsequent screen.

    Install VMware Question

    Click the "Next" button to continue.

    Install VMware Welcome

    Accept the "Typical" option by clicking the "Next" button.

    Install VMware Typical

    Click the "Install" button to continue.

    Install VMware Ready

    Set the hardware acceleration when prompted by clicking the "Yes" button and following the instructions on the subsequent screens.

    Install VMware Hardware Acceleration

    Once the installatin is complete, click the "Finish" button.

    Install VMware Finish

    The VMware client tools are now installed.
    Create Shared DisksShut down the RAC1 virtual machine and create a directory on the host system to hold the shared virtual disks.
    # mkdir -p /u01/VM/shared
    On the VMware Server Console, click the "Edit virtual machine settings" button. On the "Virtual Machine Settings" screen, click the "+ Add" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Hard Disk

    Select the hardware type of "Hard Disk" and click the "Next" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Hard Disk

    Accept the "Create a new virtual disk" option by clicking the "Next" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings New Disk

    Accept the "SCSI" option by clicking the "Next" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings SCSI

    Set the disk size to "10.0" GB and uncheck the "Allocate all disk space now" option, then click the "Next" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Size

    Set the disk name to "/u01/VM/shared/ocr.vmdk" and click the "Advanced" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Disk Name

    Set the virtual device node to "SCSI 1:1" and the mode to "Independent" and "Persistent", then click the "Finish" button.

    Virtual Machine Settings Disk Advanced

    Repeat the previous hard disk creation steps 4 more times, using the following values:
    • File Name: /u01/VM/shared/votingdisk.vmdk
      Virtual Device Node: SCSI 1:2
      Mode: Independent and Persistent

    • File Name: /u01/VM/shared/asm1.vmdk
      Virtual Device Node: SCSI 1:3
      Mode: Independent and Persistent

    • File Name: /u01/VM/shared/asm2.vmdk
      Virtual Device Node: SCSI 1:4
      Mode: Independent and Persistent

    • File Name: /u01/VM/shared/asm3.vmdk
      Virtual Device Node: SCSI 1:5
      Mode: Independent and Persistent
    At the end of this process, the virtual machine should look something like the picture below.

    Virtual Machine Settings Final

    Edit the contents of the "/u01/VM/RAC1/RAC1.vmx" file using a text editor, making sure the following entries are present. Some of the tries will already be present, some will not.
    disk.locking = "FALSE" diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096" diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0" scsi1.present = "TRUE" scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic" scsi1.sharedBus = "VIRTUAL" scsi1:1.present = "TRUE" scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:1.fileName = "/u01/VM/shared/ocr.vmdk" scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk" scsi1:1.redo = "" scsi1:2.present = "TRUE" scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:2.fileName = "/u01/VM/shared/votingdisk.vmdk" scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk" scsi1:2.redo = "" scsi1:3.present = "TRUE" scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:3.fileName = "/u01/VM/shared/asm1.vmdk" scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk" scsi1:3.redo = "" scsi1:4.present = "TRUE" scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:4.fileName = "/u01/VM/shared/asm2.vmdk" scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk" scsi1:4.redo = "" scsi1:5.present = "TRUE" scsi1:5.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:5.fileName = "/u01/VM/shared/asm3.vmdk" scsi1:5.deviceType = "plainDisk" scsi1:5.redo = ""
    Start the RAC1 virtual machine by clicking the "Power on this virtual machine" button on the VMware Server Console. When the server has started, log in so you can partition the disks.

    Prior to partitioning the disks on Windows Server 2003, you must enable disk automounting. I didn't need to do this, but I guess it makes sense to do as you're told. To enable automounting do the following command at the command prompt, then restart the server.
    C:\> diskpart DISKPART> automount enable DISKPART> exit C:\>
    When the server restarts, open the "Computer Management" dialog (Start > All Programs > Administrative Tools > Computer Management) and click on the Disk Management tree node. This action should initiate the "Initialize and Convert Disk Wizard". Click the "Next" button to continue.

    Disk Wizard Welcome

    Initialize all 5 disks by clicking the "Next" button.

    Disk Wizard Initialize

    Don't convert any of the disks. Make sure all 5 disks are unchecked, then "Next" button.

    Disk Wizard Convert

    Complete the process by clicking the "Finish" button.

    Disk Wizard Finish

    Right-click on "Disk 1" and select the "New Partition..." option to start the "New Partition Wizard".

    New Partition

    Click the "Next" button to continue.

    New Partition Wizard Welcome

    Select the "Extended partition" option, then click the "Next" button.

    New Partition Wizard Extended

    Accept the default partition size by clicking the "Next" button.

    New Partition Wizard Size

    Complete the partition by clicking the "Finish" button.

    New Partition Wizard Finish

    The partition will now be displayed with a green bar. Right-click on the partition and select the "New Logical Drive" option to restart the "New Partition Wizard".

    New Logical Drive

    Click the "Next" button to continue.

    New Partition Wizard Welcome

    Accept the "Logical drive" option by clicking the "Next" button.

    New Partition Wizard Logical Drive

    Accept the default partition size by clicking the "Next" button.

    New Partition Wizard Size

    Select the "Do not assign a drive letter or drive path" option, then click the "Next" button.

    New Partition Wizard Drive Letter

    Select the "Do not format this partition" option, then click the "Next" button.

    New Partition Wizard Format

    Complete the logical drive by clicking the "Finish" button.

    New Partition Wizard Finish

    The drive should now be displayed as a healthy drive with a blue bar.

    Healthy Disk

    Repeat the previous partitioning steps for the remaining 4 disks.

    The shared disks are now configured.
    Clone the Virtual MachineThe current version of VMware Server does not include an option to clone a virtual machine, but the following steps illustrate how this can be achieved manually.

    Shut down the RAC1 virtual machine and copy the RAC1 virtual machine using the following command.
    # cp -R /u01/VM/RAC1 /u01/VM/RAC2
    Edit the contents of the "/u01/VM/RAC2/RAC1.vmx" file, making the following change.
    displayName = "RAC2"
    Ignore discrepancies with the file names in the "/u01/VM/RAC2" directory. This does not affect the action of the virtual machine.

    In the VMware Server Console, select the File > Open menu options and browse for the "/u01/VM/RAC2/RAC1.vmx" file. Once opened, the RAC2 virtual machine is visible on the console. Start the RAC2 virtual machine by clicking the "Power on this virtual machine" button and click the "Create" button on the subsequent "Question" screen.

    Question

    Open the "Network Connections" screen (Start > All Programs > Accessories > Communications > Network Connections). Amend the IP Addresses of both connections to the correct values for the RAC2 node.

    Amend IP Addresses

    The cloning process sometimes alters the network connection setup, so repeat the steps mentioned previously for removing extra network adapters and renaming the connections.

    Open the "System Properties" dialog (Start > Control Panel > System), click on the "Computer Name" tab and click the "Change" button. Enter the name "rac2" then click the "OK" button.

    Computer Name

    Click all subsequent "OK" buttons to exit the "System Properties" dialog and restart the server when prompted.

    Once the RAC2 virtual machine has restarted, start the RAC1 virtual machine. When both nodes have started, check they can both ping all the public and private IP addresses using the following commands.
    ping -c 3 rac1 ping -c 3 rac1-priv ping -c 3 rac2 ping -c 3 rac2-priv
    At this point the virtual IP addresses defined in the hosts file will not work, so don't bother testing them.

    It's a good idea to take a snapshot of the virtual machines, so you can repeat the following stages if you run into any problems. To do this, shutdown both virtual machines and issue the following commands.
    # cd /u01/VM # tar -cvf RAC-PreClusterware.tar RAC1 RAC2 shared # gzip RAC-PreClusterware.tar
    The virtual machine setup is now complete.
    Install the Clusterware SoftwareStart the RAC1 and RAC2 virtual machines. The Oracle Clusterware for Windows is very sensitive, so before you start, check the network connection setup on each machine again. Remove and extra network adapters, rename the connections appropriately and check the nodes ping correctly. Make sure your network configuration matches the Checking Network Requirements section of the documentation.

    Start the Oracle installer on RAC1.

    Clusterware Start

    On the "Welcome" screen, click the "Next" button.

    Clusterware Welcome

    Accept the default inventory location by clicking the "Next" button.

    Clusterware Inventory

    Enter the appropriate name and path for the Oracle Home and click the "Next" button.

    Clusterware Oracle Home

    Wait while the prerequisite checks are done. If you have any failures correct them and retry the tests before clicking the "Next" button.

    Clusterware Prerequisites

    The "Specify Cluster Configuration" screen shows only the RAC1 node in the cluster. Click the "Add" button to continue.

    Clusterware Cluster Config

    Enter the details for the RAC2 node and click the "OK" button.

    Clusterware Cluster Config Add

    Click the "Next" button to continue.

    Clusterware Cluster Config

    The "Specific Network Interface Usage" screen defines how each network interface will be used. Highlight the "public" interface and click the "Edit" button.

    Clusterware Network Interface Usage

    Set the "public" interface type to "Public" and click the "OK" button.

    Clusterware Network Interface Public Type

    Leave the "private" interface as private and click the "Next" button.

    Clusterware Network Interface Usage

    On the "Cluster Configuration Storage" screen, highlight disk 1 and click the "Edit" button.

    Clusterware Storage

    Select the "Place OCR(Primary) on this Partition" option and click the "OK" button.

    Clusterware OCR Location

    Highlight disk 2 and click the "Edit" button. Select the "Place Voting Disk on this Partition" option and click the "OK" button.

    Clusterware Voting Disk Location

    On the "Cluster Configuration Storage" screen, click the "Next" button and ignore the redundancy warnings by clicking the "OK" button.

    Clusterware Warning

    On the "Summary" screen, click the "Install" button to continue.

    Clusterware Summary

    Wait while the installation takes place.

    Clusterware Install

    Wait while the configuration assistants run.

    Clusterware Configuration Assistants

    The VIPCA will fail, so click the "OK" button on the resulting error screen.

    Clusterware Error

    Click the "Next" button and accept the subsequent warning, then click the "Exit" button to leave the installer.

    Clusterware Complete

    On the RAC1 virtual machine, run the VIPCA manually by issuing the following commands in a command prompt.
    cd c:\oracle\product\10.2.0\crs\bin vipca.bat
    Click the "Next" button on the VIPCA welcome screen.

    Clusterware VIPCA Welcome

    Highlight the "public" interface and click the "Next" button.

    Clusterware VIPCA Interfaces

    Enter the vitual IP alias and address for each node. Once you enter the first alias, the remaining values should default automatically. Click the "Next" button to continue.

    Clusterware VIPCA Virtual IPs

    Accept the summary information by clicking the "Finish" button.

    Clusterware VIPCA Summary

    Wait until the configuration is complete, then click the "OK" button.

    Clusterware VIPCA Complete

    Accept the VIPCA results by clicking the "Exit" button.

    Clusterware VIPCA Results

    The status of the finished cluster can be checked by running the cluvfy.bat script as shown below.
    C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\crs\BIN>cluvfy.bat stage -post crsinst -n rac1,rac2 Performing post-checks for cluster services setup Checking node reachability... Node reachability check passed from node "rac1". Checking user equivalence... User equivalence check passed for user "Administrator". Checking Cluster manager integrity... Checking CSS daemon... Daemon status check passed for "CSS daemon". Cluster manager integrity check passed. Checking cluster integrity... Cluster integrity check passed Checking OCR integrity... Checking the absence of a non-clustered configuration... All nodes free of non-clustered, local-only configurations. Uniqueness check for OCR device passed. Checking the version of OCR... OCR of correct Version "2" exists. Checking data integrity of OCR... Data integrity check for OCR passed. OCR integrity check passed. Checking CRS integrity... Checking daemon liveness... Liveness check passed for "CRS daemon". Checking daemon liveness... Liveness check passed for "CSS daemon". Checking daemon liveness... Liveness check passed for "EVM daemon". Checking CRS health... CRS health check passed. CRS integrity check passed. Checking node application existence... Checking existence of VIP node application (required) Check passed. Checking existence of ONS node application (optional) Check passed. Checking existence of GSD node application (optional) Check passed. Post-check for cluster services setup was successful. C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\crs\BIN>
    It's a good idea to take a snapshot of the virtual machines, so you can repeat the following stages if you run into any problems. To do this, shutdown both virtual machines and issue the following commands.
    # cd /u01/VM # tar -cvf RAC-PostClusterware.tar RAC1 RAC2 shared # gzip RAC-PostClusterware.tar
    The clusterware installation is now complete.
    Install the Database Software and Create an ASM InstanceStart the RAC1 and RAC2 virtual machines, login to RAC1 and start the Oracle installer.

    Database Start

    On the "Welcome" screen, click the "Next" button.

    Database Welcome

    Select the "Enterprise Edition" option and click the "Next" button.

    Database Installation Type

    Enter the name and path for the Oracle Home and click the "Next" button.

    Database Specify Home

    Select the "Cluster Installation" option and make sure both RAC nodes are selected, then click the "Next" button.

    Database Cluster Installation

    Wait while the prerequisite checks are done. If you have any failures correct them and retry the tests before clicking the "Next" button.

    Database Prerequisites

    Select the "Configure Automatic Storage Management (ASM)" option, enter the SYS password for the ASM instance, then click the "Next" button.

    Database Configuration Option

    Select the "External" redundancy option (no mirroring) and click the "Stamp Disks..." button.

    Database Configure ASM

    Select the "Add or change label" option and click the "Next" button.

    Database ASM Tool

    Highlight disks 3-5 and click the "Next" button. Remember, disk0 is the OS, disk1 is the OCR location and disk2 is the voting disk.

    Database ASM Tool Disks

    Confirm your selection by clicking the "Next" button.

    Database ASM Tool Confirm

    Complete the disk stamp by clicking the "Finish" button.

    Database ASM Tool Complete

    Select the candidate disks and click the "Next" button.

    Database Configure ASM

    On the "Summary" screen, click the "Install" button to continue.

    Database Summary

    Wait while the database software installs.

    Database Install

    Once the installation is complete, wait while the configuration assistants run.

    Database Configuration Asistants

    When the installation is complete, click the "Exit" button to leave the installer.

    Database Complete

    It's a good idea to take a snapshot of the virtual machines, so you can repeat the following stages if you run into any problems. To do this, shutdown both virtual machines and issue the following commands.
    # cd /u01/VM # tar -cvf RAC-PostASM.tar RAC1 RAC2 shared # gzip RAC-PostASM.tar
    The database software installation and ASM creation step is now complete.
    Create a Database using the DBCAStart the RAC1 and RAC2 virtual machines, login to RAC1 start the Database Configuration Assistant (Start > All Programs > Oracle - db_1 > Configuration and Migration Tools > Database Configuration Assistant).

    On the "Welcome" screen, select the "Oracle Real Application Clusters database" option and click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Welcome

    Select the "Create a Database" option and click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Create Database

    Highlight both RAC nodes and click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Node Selection

    Select the "Custom Database" option and click the "Next" button.

    DBCA CustomDatabase

    Enter the values "RAC.WORLD" and "RAC" for the Global Database Name and SID Prefix respectively, then click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Database ID

    Accept the management options by clicking the "Next" button. If you are attempting the installation on a server with limited memory, you may prefer not to configure Enterprise Manager at this time.

    DBCA Management Options

    Enter database passwords then click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Database Credentials

    Select the "Automatic Storage Management (ASM)" option, then click the "Next" button.

    DBCA ASM

    Select the "DATA" disk group, then click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Disk Groups

    Accept the "Use Oracle-Managed Files" database location by the "Next" button.

    DBCA Database Location

    Check both the "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and "Enable Archiving" options. Enter "+DATA" as the Flash Recovery Area, then click the "Next" button.

    DBCA Recovery Config

    Uncheck all but the "Enterprise Manager Repository" option, then click the "Standard Database Components..." button.

    DBCA Database Content

    Uncheck all but the "Oracle JVM" option, then click the "OK" button, followed by the "Next" button on the previous screen. If you are attempting the installation on a server with limited memory, you may prefer not to install the JVM at this time.

    DBCA Standard DB Components

    Accept the current database services configuration by clicking the "Next" button.

    DBCA Services

    Select the "Custom" memory management option and accept the default settings by clicking the "Next" button.

    DBCA Parameters

    Accept the database storage settings by clicking the "Next" button.

    DBCA Storage

    Accept the database creation options by clicking the "Finish" button.

    DBCA Creation Options

    Accept the summary information by clicking the "OK" button.

    DBCA Summary

    Wait while the database is created.

    DBCA Creation

    Once the database creation is complete you are presented with the following screen. Make a note of the information on the screen and click the "Exit" button.

    DBCA Complete

    The RAC database creation is now complete.
    TNS ConfigurationOnce the installation is complete, the "%ORACLE_HOME%\network\admin\listener.ora" file on each RAC node will contain entries similar to the following.
    LISTENER_RAC1 = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)(IP = FIRST)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.2.101)(PORT = 1521)(IP = FIRST)) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER_RAC1 = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PL***tProc) (ORACLE_HOME = C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) ) )
    The "%ORACLE_HOME%\network\admin\tnsnames.ora" file on each RAC node will contain entries similar to the following.
    RAC = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (LOAD_BALANCE = yes) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = RAC.WORLD) ) ) LISTENERS_RAC = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) ) RAC2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = RAC.WORLD) (INSTANCE_NAME = RAC2) ) ) RAC1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = RAC.WORLD) (INSTANCE_NAME = RAC1) ) )
    This configuration allows direct connections to specific instance, or using a load balanced connection to the main service.
    C:\>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 20 16:58:37 2006 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options SQL> CONN sys/password@rac1 AS SYSDBA Connected. SQL> SELECT instance_name, host_name FROM v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME HOST_NAME ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- rac1 RAC1 SQL> CONN sys/password@rac2 AS SYSDBA Connected. SQL> SELECT instance_name, host_name FROM v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME HOST_NAME ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- rac2 RAC2 SQL> CONN sys/password@rac AS SYSDBA Connected. SQL> SELECT instance_name, host_name FROM v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME HOST_NAME ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- rac2 RAC2 SQL>
    Check the Status of the RACThere are several ways to check the status of the RAC. The srvctl utility shows the current configuration and status of the RAC database.
    C:\>srvctl config database -d RAC rac1 RAC1 C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1 rac2 RAC2 C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1 C:\> C:\>srvctl status database -d RAC Instance RAC1 is running on node rac1 Instance RAC2 is running on node rac2 C:\>
    The V$ACTIVE_INSTANCES view can also display the current status of the instances.
    C:\>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Apr 20 16:58:37 2006 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options SQL> SELECT * FROM v$active_instances; INST_NUMBER INST_NAME ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1 RAC1:rac1 2 RAC2:rac2 SQL>
    Finally, the GV$ allow you to display global information for the whole RAC.
    SQL> SELECT inst_id, username, sid, serial# FROM gv$session WHERE username IS NOT NULL; INST_ID USERNAME SID SERIAL# ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 SYSMAN 126 12 2 DBSNMP 127 41 2 SYS 128 13 2 SYS 130 339 2 SYS 131 2 2 SYS 132 2 2 SYS 133 3 2 DBSNMP 135 43 2 SYS 153 13 1 SYSMAN 119 36 1 SYSMAN 120 7 INST_ID USERNAME SID SERIAL# ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 1 SYSMAN 121 25 1 SYS 122 1 1 SYS 123 3 1 SYS 124 4 1 SYSMAN 125 12 1 SYSMAN 130 5 1 SYSMAN 132 3 1 DBSNMP 133 1 1 DBSNMP 137 11 1 SYS 143 126 1 SYS 152 30 22 rows selected. SQL>
    If you have configured Enterprise Manager, it can be used to view the configuration and current status of the database.

    Oracle Enterprise Manager

    For more information see:
    Hope this helps. Regards Tim...
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/datalife/p/1985479.html
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