c#使用PortableDeviceApiLib读取便携式设备(WPD:Windows Portable Devices)信息

相关名词解释：

WPD( Windows Portable Devices)

译作Windows 便携设备 (WPD) 是一种驱动程序技术，可支持广泛的可移动设备，比如移动电话、数码相机和便携媒体播放器。WPD 提供了标准化的基础结构，以实现应用程序和连接到正在运行 Windows 的 PC 上的便携设备之间的数据传输。WPD 还可为应用程序提供设备及其内容的统一视图以及标准化机制，从而获得访问数据的权限并对数据进行传输。

MTP（Media Transfer Protocol)模式

MTP模式是微软制订的一套媒体传输协议，由微软公司制定的在设备之间进行多媒体文件交换的通信协议，它实现的是把简单的文件复制变成一种协议性的传输方式。MTP既可以实现在USB协议上，也可以实现在TCP/IP协议上，它属于上层的应用协议，而不关心底层传输协议。目前大部分设备的应用都是基于USB协议。

PortableDeviceApiLib

这是微软提供的一个COM类库可以用于获取WPD设备的信息和进行MTP模式的文件传输

完整源码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using PortableDeviceApiLib;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Linq;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        PortableDeviceManagerClass devMgr = new PortableDeviceApiLib.PortableDeviceManagerClass();
        IPortableDeviceValues pValues = (IPortableDeviceValues)new PortableDeviceTypesLib.PortableDeviceValuesClass();
        PortableDeviceClass pPortableDevice = new PortableDeviceClass();
        PortableDeviceClass ppDevice = new PortableDeviceClass();
        string deviceID = string.Empty;
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.Load += new EventHandler(Form1_Load);
        }

        void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string[] deviceIds = EnumerateDevices();
            PortableDevice portableDevice;
            IPortableDeviceContent deviceContent;
            IPortableDeviceValues deviceValues = Connect(deviceIds[0], out portableDevice, out deviceContent);
            string deviceName = GetDeviceName(deviceValues);
            DeviceType deviceType = GetDeviceType(deviceValues);
            string firmwareVersion = GetFirmwareVersion(deviceValues);
            string manufacturer = GetManufacturer(deviceValues);
            string model = GetModel(deviceValues);
            List<string> storagesIds = GetChildrenObjectIds(deviceContent, "DEVICE");
            StringBuilder storagesSb = new StringBuilder();
            //设备支持WIFI则包含网络这个假设备，也是无法获取到容量的
            foreach (string storageId in storagesIds.Where(s=>!s.Contains("网络")))
            {
                ulong freeSpace;
                ulong storageCapacity;
                GetStorageCapacityAnFreeSpace(deviceContent, storageId, out freeSpace, out storageCapacity);
                storagesSb.AppendFormat("可用容量为{0}GB，总容量为{1}GB",
                    Math.Round((double)freeSpace / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 3), Math.Round((double)storageCapacity / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 3));
            }
            Disconnect(portableDevice);
            textBox1.AppendText(string.Format("当前设备数目：{0}个
", deviceIds.Length));
            textBox1.AppendText(string.Format("连接的设备名称：{0}
", deviceName));
            textBox1.AppendText(string.Format("连接的设备类型：{0}
", deviceType.ToString()));
            textBox1.AppendText(string.Format("连接的设备固件版本：{0}
", firmwareVersion));
            textBox1.AppendText(string.Format("连接的设备制造厂商：{0}
", manufacturer));
            textBox1.AppendText(string.Format("连接的设备型号：{0}
", model));
            textBox1.AppendText(storagesSb.ToString());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 枚举所有便携式设备（MTP模式）
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>返回设备id数组</returns>
        public string[] EnumerateDevices()
        {
            string[] devicesIds = null;
            PortableDeviceManagerClass deviceManager = new PortableDeviceManagerClass();
            uint deviceCount = 1;//设备数目初始值必须大于0
            deviceManager.GetDevices(null, ref deviceCount);//获取设备数目必须置第一个参数为null
            if (deviceCount > 0)
            {
                devicesIds = new string[deviceCount];
                deviceManager.GetDevices(devicesIds, ref deviceCount);
            }
            return devicesIds;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 连接设备
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DeviceId"></param>
        /// <param name="portableDevice"></param>
        /// <param name="deviceContent"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IPortableDeviceValues Connect(string DeviceId, out PortableDevice portableDevice, out IPortableDeviceContent deviceContent)
        {
            IPortableDeviceValues clientInfo = (IPortableDeviceValues)new PortableDeviceTypesLib.PortableDeviceValuesClass();
            portableDevice = new PortableDeviceClass();
            portableDevice.Open(DeviceId, clientInfo);
            portableDevice.Content(out deviceContent);

            IPortableDeviceProperties deviceProperties;
            deviceContent.Properties(out deviceProperties);

            IPortableDeviceValues deviceValues;
            deviceProperties.GetValues("DEVICE", null, out deviceValues);
            return deviceValues;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 断开设备
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="portableDevice"></param>
        public void Disconnect(PortableDevice portableDevice)
        {
            portableDevice.Close();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设备类型
        /// </summary>
        public enum DeviceType
        {
            Generic = 0,
            Camera = 1,
            MediaPlayer = 2,
            Phone = 3,
            Video = 4,
            PersonalInformationManager = 5,
            AudioRecorder = 6
        };
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取设备类型
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DeviceValues"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DeviceType GetDeviceType(IPortableDeviceValues DeviceValues)
        {
            _tagpropertykey deviceTypeKey = new _tagpropertykey() { fmtid = new Guid("26d4979a-e643-4626-9e2b-736dc0c92fdc"), pid = 15 };
            uint propertyValue;
            DeviceValues.GetUnsignedIntegerValue(ref deviceTypeKey, out propertyValue);
            DeviceType deviceType = (DeviceType)propertyValue;
            return deviceType;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取设备名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DeviceValues"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetDeviceName(IPortableDeviceValues DeviceValues)
        {
            _tagpropertykey property = new _tagpropertykey() { fmtid = new Guid("ef6b490d-5cd8-437a-affc-da8b60ee4a3c"), pid = 4 };
            string name;
            DeviceValues.GetStringValue(ref property, out name);
            return name;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取固件版本
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DeviceValues"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetFirmwareVersion(IPortableDeviceValues DeviceValues)
        {
            _tagpropertykey deviceTypeKey = new _tagpropertykey() { fmtid = new Guid("26d4979a-e643-4626-9e2b-736dc0c92fdc"), pid = 3 };
            string firmwareVersion;
            DeviceValues.GetStringValue(ref deviceTypeKey, out firmwareVersion);
            return firmwareVersion;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取制造商
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DeviceValues"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetManufacturer(IPortableDeviceValues DeviceValues)
        {
            _tagpropertykey property = new _tagpropertykey() { fmtid = new Guid("26d4979a-e643-4626-9e2b-736dc0c92fdc"), pid = 7 };
            string manufacturer;
            DeviceValues.GetStringValue(ref property, out manufacturer);
            return manufacturer;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取型号
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DeviceValues"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetModel(IPortableDeviceValues DeviceValues)
        {
            _tagpropertykey property = new _tagpropertykey() 
            { 
                fmtid = new Guid("26d4979a-e643-4626-9e2b-736dc0c92fdc"), 
                pid = 8 
            };
            string model;
            DeviceValues.GetStringValue(ref property, out model);
            return model;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取设备或设备下文件夹的所有对象（文件、文件夹）的ObjectId
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="deviceId"></param>
        /// <param name="parentId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<string> GetChildrenObjectIds(IPortableDeviceContent content, string parentId)
        {
            IEnumPortableDeviceObjectIDs objectIds;
            content.EnumObjects(0, parentId, null, out objectIds);
            List<string> childItems = new List<string>();
            uint fetched = 0;
            do
            {
                string objectId;
                objectIds.Next(1, out objectId, ref fetched);
                if (fetched > 0)
                {
                    childItems.Add(objectId);
                }
            } 
            while (fetched > 0);
            return childItems;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取总容量和可用容量
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="deviceContent"></param>
        /// <param name="storageId"></param>
        /// <param name="freeSpace"></param>
        /// <param name="storageCapacity"></param>
        public void GetStorageCapacityAnFreeSpace(IPortableDeviceContent deviceContent, string storageId, out ulong freeSpace, out ulong storageCapacity)
        {
            IPortableDeviceProperties deviceProperties;
            deviceContent.Properties(out deviceProperties);

            IPortableDeviceKeyCollection keyCollection = (IPortableDeviceKeyCollection)new PortableDeviceTypesLib.PortableDeviceKeyCollectionClass();
            _tagpropertykey freeSpaceKey = new _tagpropertykey();
            freeSpaceKey.fmtid = new Guid("01a3057a-74d6-4e80-bea7-dc4c212ce50a");
            freeSpaceKey.pid = 5;

            _tagpropertykey storageCapacityKey = new _tagpropertykey();
            storageCapacityKey.fmtid = new Guid("01a3057a-74d6-4e80-bea7-dc4c212ce50a");
            storageCapacityKey.pid = 4;

            keyCollection.Add(ref freeSpaceKey);
            keyCollection.Add(ref storageCapacityKey);

            IPortableDeviceValues deviceValues;
            deviceProperties.GetValues(storageId, keyCollection, out deviceValues);

            deviceValues.GetUnsignedLargeIntegerValue(ref freeSpaceKey, out freeSpace);
            deviceValues.GetUnsignedLargeIntegerValue(ref storageCapacityKey, out storageCapacity);
        }
    }
}

运行截图

一点感想

最近在重构一个PDA程序就是WinCE的。是的老掉牙的设备（系统），工控行业有些地方还在用。早几年前就转了安卓了，这次重构这么个项目其实还是挺用心的。分层开发，用了ORM，还把PDA程序的功能做成了可配置，有时间会另外写文分享。在收集资料的时候发现网上基本上是没有可以使用的源码，现在DIY了一份，送给有缘人吧：

PortableDeviceApiLib读取WPD设备信息