Centos7安装mysql5.7.21

1、卸载系统自带的 MariaDB

[root@CentOS ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
[root@CentOS ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

2、下载 mysql5.7.21 安装包

[root@CentOS local]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3、创建 mysql 用户组和 mysql 用户

​[root@CentOS local]# useradd mysql

4、解压安装包，并将解压好的文件夹重命名为mysql

​[root@CentOS local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test_embedded
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_config_editor
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_embedded
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_plugin
......（略去内容）.....
[root@CentOS local]# mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

5、将 mysql 添加为系统服务

​[root@CentOS local]# cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@CentOS local]# chkconfig --add mysql

6、初始化数据库

​[root@CentOS mysql]# mkdir data
[root@CentOS mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2018-02-24T11:03:47.265873Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-02-24T11:03:48.343129Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-02-24T11:03:48.473269Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-02-24T11:03:48.541782Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 63b1ed0c-1952-11e8-aa97-000c29847b2d.
2018-02-24T11:03:48.542867Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-02-24T11:03:48.543383Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =u>yyVorV7g%
[root@CentOS mysql]# 

例如在 /usr/local/mysql 目录下创建用于保存数据的data 目录，初始化数据库后获得的临时密码为：=u>yyVorV7g%

7、启动mysql服务，使用临时密码登录mysql

​[root@CentOS mysql]# systemctl start mysql        # 使用 service mysql start 也可以
[root@CentOS mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root       4654      1  0 19:07 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid
mysql      4739   4654  4 19:07 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CentOS.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid
root       4772   3618  0 19:07 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@CentOS mysql]# ./bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password:                     # 这里输入刚获取的临时密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

8、修改登录密码

​mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123456');    # 将 root 登录密码修改为123456
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

9、将 mysql 服务设置为开机启动

​[root@CentOS mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

10、设置任何远程主机都可以访问数据库

​[root@CentOS bin]# ./mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by '123456';    # 设置任何远程主机都可以访问
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;                # 刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

11、开放 3306 端口（mysql 默认端口）

​[root@CentOS bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent    # 添加 3306 端口
success
[root@CentOS bin]# firewall-cmd --reload    # 重新载入
success
[root@CentOS bin]# 

12、使用 Sqlyog 客户端进行测试

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